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44 Different Types of Tourism That You Need to Try

By: Author Zachary Friedman

Posted on Last updated: March 14, 2024

Categories Travel , Travel Destinations

Home » Travel » 44 Different Types of Tourism That You Need to Try

There are a million different ways to travel. Some people prefer to be pampered in a luxury resort while others don’t even care if they have running water. Some people enjoy exploring crowded cities while others would rather venture as far from civilization as possible. To help you plan your next trip, this list outlines 44 different types of tourism. Hopefully, it inspires you to tour the world a bit differently. 

One thing to keep in mind is that not all types of tourism will appeal to every traveler. Some are a bit controversial. Some are dangerous. This article is designed to inform you of your options and give you some ideas for future trips. 

1. Adventure Tourism

The goal of adventure tourism is to explore remote destinations, participate in adventure activities, and maybe even take a bit of risk.

Many adventure tourists participate in physically challenging outdoor activities during their trips such as mountaineering, rafting, rock climbing, kayaking, or hiking. The United States, New Zealand, and Canada are popular destinations for this type of trip.

Some adventure tourists visit remote, hard-to-reach, or off-the-beaten-path destinations. West and Central Africa, North Korea, Turkmenistan, and New Guinea come to mind.

Adventure tourism can also mean traveling to regions where there is some risk. This could mean a risk of injury, disease, or encountering unfriendly locals. This is a very niche form of Adventure tourism.

2. Dark Tourism

Dark Tourism, a relatively new term, is defined as travel to an area where death, disaster, or tragedy occurred in the past. People visit these sites mostly for historical reasons or simply out of morbid curiosity. Humans seem to have a natural interest in death and disaster. Dark tourist sites are some of the most visited places in the world.

Dark Tourism Destinations include:

• Museums- The September 11 museum in New York City or the War Remnants Museum in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam for example.
• Monuments- The Vietnam Veteran’s Memorial in Washington D.C. or the Monument to the Murdered Jews of Europe in Berlin, for example.
• Memorials- The Kigali Genocide Memorial in Kigali or the 911 Memorial in New York City, For example.
• Battlefields- Taking a tour of World War I, World War II, or the United States Civil War battlegrounds is a popular tourist dark tourism activity.
• Natural Disaster Sites- Visiting Pompeii in Italy or Mount St. Helens in Washington State, for example.
• Concentration Camps – Auschwitz-Birkenau in Poland receives over 2 million visitors per year, making it one of the most visited dark tourism sites.
• Human-Caused Disaster Sites- Touring the Exxon-Valdez oil spill zone, for example.
• Sites Where Murders Took Place – For example, the Jack the Ripper tour in London or Lizzie Borden’s house in Fall River Ma.
• Graveyards- Visiting a celebrity’s gravesite for example.
• Catacombs- The catacombs in Paris is popular among dark tourists.
• Nuclear Disaster Sites- Chernobyl in Ukraine is one of the world’s most popular dark tourist sites.
• Shipwrecks- Wealthy tourists have visited the Titanic. There are plenty of fascinating shipwrecks anyone can dive.
• War Zones- People travel to active war zones. A good example would be taking a trip to Syria today.
• Slums- Dharavi in Mumbai or Kibera in Nairobi are some of the largest and most well known.

Some dark tourism sites are pretty controversial. Visiting war zones and slums cause ethical concerns among some groups of people. This is something to take into consideration before you go.

For more info, check out my complete dark tourism guide.

3. Ecotourism

Ecotourists visit exotic destinations to view pristine, fragile, and undisturbed natural environments. Visiting places that have not been affected by human interference. The goal is to experience these places while leaving as little impact on the environment as possible. Ecotourism is sometimes referred to as sustainable tourism.

Ecotourists aim to leave the environment as it was or better than when they arrived. The focus is on conservation. Ecotourists try to improve the well being of the environment and local people in the region. Ecotourism is quickly gaining in popularity as more and more people become interested in conservation and environmentalism.

One major benefit to ecotourism is that some of the money that tourists bring into the country is put into preserving the environment that they are visiting. This makes for a very sustainable form of tourism.

Popular Ecotourism Destinations

• Costa Rica- This is one of the most environmentally friendly countries on earth. The main draws of Costa Rica are rainforests, volcanoes, and both Pacific and Caribbean beaches. The country also has incredible biodiversity. The Costa Rican government works very hard to preserve nature and the environment through legislation and sustainable development.
• Galapagos Islands, Ecuador- Made famous by Charles Darwin, the Galapagos Islands are famous for their unique wildlife. Ecuador enforces strict guidelines for visitors in order to maintain the natural environment of the islands.
• Antarctica- The least-visited continent and one of the most untouched places on earth. Antarctica is an expensive but rewarding destination for ecotourists. The best way to get there is by cruise from Ushuaia, Argentina.
• Alaska- Also called The Last Frontier, Alaska is known for its vast stretches of tundra and wildlife. Visit national parks, glaciers, fjords, and mountains in this beautiful state. Ecotourism here is becoming increasingly popular.
• The Amazon Rainforest- This rainforest has the highest biodiversity of any place on the planet. Unfortunately, it is being destroyed at an unbelievable rate. Ecotourism practiced properly can help to save this special environment, even if only in a small way. You can visit the Amazon in Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, or Bolivia.

4. Voluntourism

Voluntourism is a combination of tourism and volunteering. A voluntourist travels to a destination to do volunteer work. Usually for a charity organization. In their off time, voluntourists usually explore their travel destination like a normal tourist. This is becoming a major part of the tourism industry.

The volunteer work could be building homes, working in agriculture, teaching, etc. Anyone can take a volunteer vacation but you really need to have an in-demand skill for the work to be worthwhile.

This is one of the more controversial types of tourism. Before taking a volunteer vacation, you have to do your homework to make sure that your work will be worthwhile. Sometimes volunteer work can do more harm than good.

Popular Voluntourism Destinations

Volunteering opportunities can be found all over the world. Generally, you’ll find more openings in developing countries than in developed countries. A few of the most popular voluntourism destinations include:

• East and Southern Africa- You will find plenty of voluntourism opportunities in Tanzania, Uganda, and Kenya in schools and small farming operations. 
• South and Southeast Asia- Cambodia, Vietnam, and Thailand are popular destinations for voluntourists. 
• Central and South America- Mexico, Guatemala, Peru, and Ecuador offer plenty of volunteer opportunities.

There are a few arguments against voluntourism. It takes jobs from locals. If the work is unskilled, it is easy to find local labor. It is also inefficient. Flying across the world to do a job that someone who lives there could do doesn’t make any sense. Many charity organizations are corrupt or scams. Some actually charge people to volunteer. In this case, the volunteer is the customer. Sometimes nothing of value is created and the donations get pocketed by corrupt officials.

If you do choose to do volunteer work abroad while traveling, make sure that you understand and trust the organization that you are volunteering for.

5. Domestic Tourism

Domestic tourism is travel within the country in which you reside. This is sometimes referred to as a staycation. Domestic tourism offers an exciting and unique way to experience the beauty of your own country. You can enjoy domestic tourism wherever you live. Even if you don’t leave your city.

The classic road trip is probably the most popular form of domestic tourism. No matter where in the world you live, you can load up your car, motorcycle, or bicycle and set out on an adventure. Every country has camping and hiking opportunities. Domestic tourism is a fun and inexpensive way to explore your home country.

Domestic tourism is more common in some countries than in others. Generally, domestic tourism is more popular in larger countries. For example, domestic tourism is extremely popular in the United States, Japan, Germany, China, and India.

Domestic tourism is particularly popular in my home country, the United States. Because the country is so large and diverse, you could spend a lifetime traveling here and still not see it all. There are bustling cities, theme parks, sandy beaches, and spectacular national parks to visit. Millions of Americans exclusively travel domestically.

In smaller countries, d omestic tourism options are more limited. Having said that, regardless of where you live, there are dozens of interesting sites to visit within a couple of hours of your home. You could even simply tour your home town. Even if you’ve lived there your whole life, there are sure to be some new places you’ve never been.

Benefits of Domestic Tourism include:

• Domestic tourism is cheaper- Many domestic tourists choose to drive to their destination. This way, the only transportation expense is gas. If you choose to fly, domestic tickets are generally cheaper than international tickets. It’s also affordable to travel by bus or train. This makes domestic tourism far cheaper than international tourism.
• You get to see another side of your country- Domestic tourism allows you to experience your home country as a tourist and meet your fellow countrymen.
• Domestic tourism is easier and more convenient- There is no language barrier or culture shock to deal with. You don’t need any travel documents for domestic tourism. You don’t need to exchange money. Much less planning is required to travel domestically.

Domestic tourism may not be as exciting as international tourism. Staying in your home country isn’t s exotic as visiting a foreign country.

6. Medical Tourism

Medical tourism is travel for the purpose of receiving healthcare. This type of tourism is also called health tourism. A few of the most common procedures people travel for include cosmetic surgery, dental care, and cancer treatment. It is becoming increasingly common for people to travel abroad to buy prescription medications as well.

An entire industry is set up around medical tourism. For example, some doctors and dentists cater to foreigners traveling to their countries for treatment. They often hire English-speaking staff and may even offer hotel and food packages to make the process as easy as possible. The medical tourism industry is booming. This is quickly becoming a major part of the tourism industry in some countries.

There are a number of reasons people participate in medical tourism. Treatment may be cheaper in another country. Treatment options may be better. Sometimes a specific treatment is only available in another country.

Popular Medical Tourism Destinations

• The United States

7. Bicycle Tourism

Bicycle tourism is travel by bicycle. The average bicycle tourist covers about 50 miles per day, camps at night, and cooks many of their own meals. All gear is carried in panniers or bikepacking bags on the bike.

The main benefit of this type of tourism is that you get to see parts of the world between cities. Most travelers just take a bus, train, or plane from town to town and miss out on the rural areas in between. When bicycle touring, you get to see every inch of the country that you’re touring. You can smell flowers and feel the topography of the land as you cycle up and down hills.

Bicycle touring is one of the cheapest ways to travel. Accommodation and transportation costs are cut to almost nothing because you camp every night and have your own transport with your bike. You end up saving a lot of money this way. Some frugal bicycle tourists can travel on less than $500 per month.

There are several different styles of bicycle touring. Some bicycle tourists prefer off-road riding while others prefer to stay on paved paths or roads. Off-road bicycle touring is often called bikepacking. Credit card touring is bicycle touring in comfort. Most credit card tourists pack light, stay in hotels every night, and eat most meals in restaurants. Expedition bicycle tourists travel long distances through exotic countries. Some bicycle tourists spend years crossing continents and cycling around the world.

Top Bicycle Tourism Destinations

• Pamir Highway- This is probably the top bicycle touring destination. Here, you can experience the beautiful mountains of Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan.
• Patagonia- Travel through the rugged south of Argentina and Chile and explore Torres del Paine, Tierra del Fuego, and many other spectacular destinations in the region. The most famous roads include Ruta 40 and Carretera Austral.
• Trans America- Travel across the United States. Most cyclists ride west to east starting in Oregon.
• US Pacific Coast- Travel from Canada to Mexico through the beautiful coasts of Washington, Oregon, and California.
• Nordkapp, Norway (North Cape)- This is the northernmost point in Europe that can be accessed by road.
• Alaska to Argentina- This long-distance rouge takes you across North and South America. Most cyclists take 18-24 months to complete the route. 
• Europe to Asia- This popular route takes you across Eurasia. Many cyclists start their tour in their homes in Europe and end in China or Singapore.
• Cairo to Cape Town- This hardcore trip takes you across the entire continent of Africa. Check out my guide How to Plan a Cairo to Cape Town Trip for more info.
• Round the World- A great bucket list trip for bicycle tourists. Check out my guide: How to Plan a Round The World Trip for more info.

8. Sex Tourism and Romance Tourism

Sex tourism is a controversial type of tourism that involves traveling for the purpose of having sex in different countries around the world. People may choose to do this because prostitution isn’t legal in their home country. Some people wish to fulfill a fantasy that they can’t achieve in real life. Others travel abroad for sex because it is cheaper than in their home country. This type of tourism is much more popular among men but women participate as well.

Popular Sex Tourism Destinations

• The Netherlands
• The Philippines
• Dominican Republic

Romance tourism is travel for the purpose of finding a husband or wife. Someone may participate in this type of tourism if they are unable to find the right person in their home country. Sometimes people who have immigrated abroad return to their home country to find a partner.

9. Motorcycle Tourism

Motorcycle tourism is travel by motorcycle. This is a great way to see the world because you always have your own transportation. This means you don’t have to rely on buses or trains. You can stop wherever you want. The absolute freedom is hard to beat. Maybe the biggest benefit of motorcycle tourism is simply the fact that motorcycles are cool. You will make friends everywhere you go.

Adventure touring bikes are probably the most popular these days due to their comfort and off-road capabilities. You can explore places that the average cruiser or touring bike can’t reach. My last bike was a Suzuki DR 650. I regret selling it.

There are drawbacks to motorcycle tourism. Getting started traveling by motorcycle is pretty expensive. You have to buy a bike, protective riding gear, and learn to ride. This sets you back a minimum of a few thousand dollars before you even hit the road.

Some countries also require that you have a carnet du passage to enter with a vehicle. This is a bureaucratic process and also costs money. Shipping the bike between countries is a hassle and expensive as well. Motorcycle tourism is generally not for budget travelers.

Traveling between continents on a motorcycle is also a hassle. It usually involves putting the bike in a crate and shipping it. You can’t just hop on a plane to your next destination.

If you are on a tight budget, there is one way that you can experience motorcycle tourism on the cheap. Starting at about $150, you can buy your own motorcycle in Vietnam and ride it around much of Southeast Asia. For a step-by-step guide to doing this, check out my Guide to buying a motorcycle and riding through Vietnam. 

10. Cultural Tourism

Cultural tourism is a form of tourism where the goal is to seek out cultural experiences. On a cultural tour, you might attend festivals and events, visit historical sites and monuments, explore museums, and galleries, take language classes or cooking classes, and participate in traditional activities.

Cultural tourism is an increasingly popular form of travel as it allows people to immerse themselves in new cultures and gain a more global perspective. Cultural tourism also provides economic development opportunities for locals.

A few different examples of culture include:

• Holidays and festivals
• Food and drinks
• Architecture

Culture is interesting because it varies so widely. In some parts of the world, you can travel just a few miles down the road and people completely change. They may speak a different language, eat different food, and pray to different gods. Human culture is diverse. Sometimes even shocking. This is a big part of the appeal of cultural tourism.

Cultural Tourism Activities

• Visit museums- This is one of the most popular cultural tourism activities. You can learn about the history and view the art of the local people.
• Try local restaurants- Sample the local food.
• Visit churches and other religious centers- Learn about the religious beliefs of the locals-
• Meet people inside their homes- See how people live day-to-day.
• Read books about the region- Learn about the origin of the local people and how their society has changed over time.
• Visit during a local holiday, festival, or celebration- Experience how the locals party and celebrate.
• Study the local language- Learning a few words can help you get to know the local people and understand the culture. Language greatly enhances cultural tourism.

Cultural Tourism Destinations

Every country has a different culture to learn about. Depending on where you come from, you may find some more interesting. A few of the most popular countries for cultural tourism include:

11. Rural Tourism

These days, most of the world’s population lives in cities. Some travelers like to take a break from the fast-paced and stressful urban lifestyle and travel to slower-moving rural areas. This is rural tourism. Rural tourism usually involves living a rural lifestyle, experiencing local culture, and learning local history.

Rural tourism has a lot of overlap with cultural tourism and ecotourism. Because rural areas don’t offer many major tourist attractions, you’ll mostly spend your time learning about and experiencing the rural lifestyle. You’ll also spend much of your time enjoying the outdoors.

One major benefit of rural tourism is that it provides economic opportunities for locals by allowing them to offer services such as farm stays, guided tours, homestays, and meals. This is important because rural areas tend to be poorer than cities.

Rural Tourism Activities

• Learning about agriculture- Wine tours or working with animals are common forms of rural tourism.
• Outdoor activities- Hiking, fishing, hunting, camping, etc. are considered rural tourism
• Relaxing- Read a book, take a walk, or enjoy the sun.
• Getting to know the local people- See culture tourism.

Best Destinations for Rural Tourism

• Much of Africa

12. Tribal Tourism

Tribal tourism involves travel to visit tribes or indigenous people that have had little contact with the outside world. The goal is to experience the culture and lifestyle of the locals. These areas are becoming rarer and rarer as the world becomes more developed and connected. There are only a few regions left on the planet where you can take an authentic tribal tour.

Many of the world’s tribes are no longer authentic. The people wear traditional clothing and basically put on a show for tourists. They may dance and perform ceremonies that their ancestors did. While it is interesting to see, it isn’t really authentic. There are a handful of places left where you can experience a real and thriving tribal culture.

This is another controversial kind of tourism. Many people argue that tourism to these regions is voyeuristic. Like looking at animals in a zoo. Some complain that visiting these tribes degrades their culture. After all, local community will be introduced to modern ways of living and thinking. These are valid points that should be considered before visiting. Is it ethical to visit tribal regions? I’ll let you decide.

Tribal Tourism Destinations

• The Omo Valley of Ethiopia- This incredibly diverse region in Southwestern Ethiopia is home to dozens of unique tribes. For a step-by-step guide to visiting, check out my guide: How to Visit the Omo Valley Independently and on a Budget. It includes everything you need to know about getting there from Addis Ababa, costs, etiquette, hotel recommendations, guides, and more.
• Papua New Guinea- The tribes of New Guinea are some of the most unique culturally. To visit, you’ll most likely have to hire a guide or join a tour group.
• The Amazon- To visit the tribes of the Amazon, you have several options. The best places to start are can Brazil, Peru, or Venezuela. Tours can also be organized from Colombia or Ecuador.
• India- Hundreds of fascinating tribes inhabit the country. 

13. Business Tourism

Business tourism is travel for a professional purpose rather than leisure. Some companies send employees abroad for business meetings, conferences, trade fairs, consulting, negotiation, or various corporate events. While participating in business tourism, an employee is still doing work, just away from the office or home. During time off, a business tourist may have time to visit the tourist sites of the region that they are visiting. Various types of tourism can be combined with business tourism.

Business tourism is different from being an expat, digital nomad, or living abroad because it is only temporary. Generally, a business tourist is someone who is working abroad for one year or less. Most business trips last less than a week. Business tourists generally stay in hotels or accommodation provided by the company that they work for.

Business is conducted all over the world. This type of travel is slightly less common than it used to be because of the internet. Many meetings can be conducted online over video. Business tourism is still common.

Some of the most common business tourism destinations include Berlin, Dubai, New York, Paris, Shanghai, Tokyo, and London.

14. Birth Tourism

Birth Tourism is a controversial form of tourism where a pregnant woman travels to a foreign country to give birth to her child. The main reason for this practice is so the child obtains citizenship in the country where it was born. Once the child has citizenship, the parents will generally use it as a means of obtaining citizenship for themselves. The baby is often referred to as an anchor baby.

Laws vary from country to country. In the past, birth tourism was much more common. Laws were much less strict and allowed pretty much anyone born within the country’s borders to become citizens from birth.

These days, most countries either don’t allow birth tourism or don’t grant citizenship to children born there unless they meet specific requirements. Usually, one of the parents also has to hold citizenship in order for the child to be eligible for citizenship. Birth tourism is still common in North and South America but has been abolished in most of the rest of the world.

15. Sports Tourism

Sports tourism is defined as travel for the purpose of watching or participating in a sporting event. This type of tourism could involve professional sports, armature sports, team sports, or individual sports. This type of tourism is one of the fastest-growing in the tourism sector. Some of the world’s biggest events cater to sports fans. These include:

• Olympics Games
• Tour de France
• World Series
• and many more

Anyone who travels to watch a football game, basketball game, tennis match, auto race, etc. is also considered a sports tourist.

Those who travel to participate in sports are considered active sports tourists. The players and coaches and support all fall into this category of tourist. Some tourists travel to participate in extreme sports like skydiving, mountain climbing, mountain biking, surfing, skateboarding. These are also sports tourists.

16. Slum Tourism

Slum tourism, also called ghetto tourism, involves travel to some of the poorest neighborhoods around the world. Tourists come to see what life is like for the poorest people on earth. Mostly out of curiosity.

This type of tourism is not new. It originated in the 19th century in the slums of New York and London where wealthy tourists would travel to see how the impoverished lived in the two cities. These days, slum tourism almost exclusively occurs in the developing world.

Slum tourism is another controversial type of tourism. Many people claim that it is unethical to tour slums because it basically treats people like zoo animals. You are essentially entertaining yourself by touring areas where people are living in extreme poverty. Traveling to people watch just doesn’t sit well with some.

While I understand this argument, these neighborhoods are public places where anyone is free to wander. For this reason, it’s an acceptable activity in my mind. You are simply visiting a neighborhood within a city.

Slum Tourism Destinations

• Kibera in Nairobi, Kenya- This neighborhood claims to be the biggest slum in Africa. For info on visiting, check out my guide: How to Visit Kibera Without a Tour.
• Dharavi in Mumbai, India- Maybe the world’s most famous slums and also one of the biggest. This is where the 2008 movie Slumdog Millionaire takes place.
• Favelas in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil- For safety reasons, visiting the favelas is best done on an organized tour.
• Townships in South Africa- These are segregated communities outside of South African cities that were created during apartheid times.
• Skid Row, Los Angeles, California- This area contains possibly the largest homeless populations in the United States. Around 8000 people live in tents and in the street in this little square of downtown Los Angeles. This is one of the only slum tourism destinations in the developed world.

17. Genealogy Tourism

Genealogy tourism is a type of tourism where travelers visit the places their ancestors came from. This could be recent ancestry or distant ancestry. This type of tourism is much more common in countries with a high level of emigration.

Genealogy tourism is quickly growing in popularity because of the rise in interest in DNA testing from companies like Ancestry.com and 23andme.com. For less than $100 people can find out exactly where in the world their ancestors originated. As the technology develops, these services get more and more accurate. In some cases, they can pinpoint exact villages where your ancestors lived hundreds of years ago.

Some genealogy tourists visit places where they have much more recent roots. For example, if a couple immigrated to another country before having children, their child may wish to visit their parent’s homeland later in life. This is also considered genealogy tourism. In this case, the person may have living relatives in the place that they are visiting.

18. Package Tourism (Group Tourism)

Package tourism is a type of travel where accommodation, transportation, and excursions are combined and sold in a single package. Sometimes meals, drinks, and guides are also included. This can be a private tour or a group tour. A package tour is also called a package vacation or package holiday.

The main draw of this type of tourism is the simplicity. You pay once and the tour operators take care of everything for you. It’s easy and stress-free. You don’t have to worry about finding a hotel, choosing a restaurant, or struggling to figure out public transportation systems. This is a style of tourism many beginner travelers choose to participate in because it requires basically zero planning. This is one of the most popular types of tourism.

There are packaged tours available to pretty much every region. Many travelers choose to take packaged tours to Africa. Check out my guide to overland tours vs independent travel for more info. 

Drawbacks to Package Tourism

• It takes away your freedom- With package tours, you’re pretty much stuck on a schedule. You can’t choose your own hotel, restaurant, or activity. Everything is pre-planned.
• Annoying people in your group- If you are traveling in a group, you may end up traveling with people that you just don’t like. Some people are entitled, some are picky, and some are just plain annoying. If you are on a private tour, however, this isn’t a problem.
• Bad guides- I have had some bad experiences with guides in my travels. Many give inaccurate facts, don’t know what they are talking about, or just don’t care about their jobs. Getting stuck with a bad guide on your packaged tour could ruin the whole trip.
• Expensive- Package tours almost always cost more than traveling independently.

19. Culinary Tourism (Food Tourism)

Culinary tourism, also called food tourism, is travel for the purpose of exploring different types of food and drinks around the world. Many travelers consider a destination’s cuisine to be as important as the climate, scenery, or accommodation. The popularity of culinary tourism has exploded over the past decade.

Culinary Tourism Activities

• Trying different restaurants- Some travelers plan their trips by eating at one specific restaurant. For example, Michelin star restaurants are popular tourist destinations.
• Taking cooking classes- Learning how to cook a new cuisine or dish at home is a popular form of food tourism. For example, Thai cooking classes are incredibly popular.
• Food festivals- Around the world, festivals are held to celebrate specific foods. Most large cities hold some type of annual food and drink festival. You’ll also find festivals that celebrate specific foods.
• Trying new foods- Sampling foods that you haven’t tried before is a major part of culinary tourism. This is one of my favorite things to do while traveling.
• Alcohol tasting- Including wine tasting, beer tasting, whiskey tasting, etc. Tasting different recipes of the same foods- Some dishes have many variations around a country. Try them all to find your favorite.

Culinary Tourism Destinations

Pretty much every country has at least one decent dish to try. Having said that, some countries just have better food than others. This could be for a number of reasons. Some parts of the world have benefited from trade and migration. New people come and bring their favorite foods along with them. Over the years, fusions develop and a new cuisine is born. Some parts of the world are just lucky and have unique flavors available in their region. Some of the top countries for food tourism include:

• France- Probably the top culinary tourism destination in the world. France has some of the best restaurants in the world. The quality level of the food here is top notch. Also known for the selection of cheeses and some of the best wines in the world.
• Italy- Everyone loves Italian food. 
• China- The country offers an incredibly varied and delicious cuisine. Because the country is so large, Chinese food comes in a staggering number of varieties. Dishes vary greatly from region to region.
• Thailand- Some of the best curries and excellent street food. This is a great tourist destination for culinary tourists on a budget.
• India- This is the top destination for vegetarians. Options are endless. India has some of the best curries and spices. Street food here is also incredible. The food is also very affordable. For meat-eaters, options are a bit limited.
• Mexico- A very complex cuisine. Specialties vary by region. Try Oaxaca for the best Mexican food. For tacos, head to Tijuana. This is probably my favorite cuisine.
• Ethiopia- In general, East African food isn’t too interesting, in my opinion. Ethiopia is different. The country has a very unique and tasty cuisine. 
• The United States- Due to a large amount of immigration, you can find restaurants serving pretty much any cuisine you can think of in the US. Portion sizes are also generous. San Francisco and New York are the top food tourism destinations in the country.
• Japan- Another favorite. Some of the finest seafood in the world is found in Japan.

20. Wellness Tourism

Wellness tourism is travel for the purpose of increasing your health. This could be physical health or mental health. Wellness tourism often involves some sort of spiritual activity like yoga, meditation, or prayer for example. This is quickly becoming a major part of the tourism industry.

Wellness tourism is similar to medical tourism with one major difference. G enerally, w ellness tourists don’t have anything in particular wrong with their health. They travel to maintain or improve their quality of life in general. The goal is often to prevent future health problems. This style of tourism focuses on low stress and relaxation. This is the main distinction between wellness tourism and medical tourism.

Wellness Tourism Activities 

• Spa treatments- Great for relieving stress and relaxation.
• Cruises- A stress-free way to see the world.
• Resort stays- As the wellness tourism industry grows, many resorts are offering wellness-related activities.
• Medical treatments- Some clinics offer alternative medical treatment to improve health and well-being.
• Meditation- A popular stress-relieving activity that promotes mental health. Yoga- Promotes physical and mental health.
• Exercise- Many people don’t get enough exercise during their normal life. Vacations are a great time to develop new healthy habits. Nature hiking is a popular form of wellness exercise.
• Prayer- Wellness tourism can integrate some religious activities.

While it is generally agreed upon that vacationing is good for health and well-being, it has not yet been established whether wellness-related activities offer any benefit over normal vacation activities. Many of these activities can be fun and relaxing, but offer no benefits after the vacation is over.

Top Destinations for Wellness Tourism

Wellness tourism is currently a very niche market. North America currently has the largest wellness tourism infrastructure followed by Europe. A few top destinations include:

• British Colombia, Canada

21. Recreational Drug Tourism

Recreational drug tourism is travel for the reason of purchasing or using drugs. People travel to use drugs because they are illegal, difficult to obtain, or more expensive in their own country. This is different from medical tourism where people may travel to purchase prescription drugs. In the case of recreational drug tourism, the drugs are not for health purposes, rather just for fun.

Recreational Drug Tourism Destinations

• Peru- Ayahuasca tours in the Amazon rainforest are popular.

This is a very controversial type of tourism because many people around the world are against the use of drugs for moral, religious, or economic reasons.

22. Nautical Tourism

Nautical tourism as a type of travel involving boating. This includes both motor boating and sailing. A few popular nautical tourism activities include:

• Cruising- Travel from port to port by boat. A vacation on a cruise ship can also be considered nautical tourism. 
• Sailing- If you know how to sail, you can rent a sailboat at yacht clubs around the world. Sailing lessons are also popular in warm weather destinations.
• Regattas- Travel for boat racing.
• Attending boat shows- Some tourists travel to view classic wooden boats.

Top Nautical Tourism Destinations

Nautical tourism is most popular during the summer and in warm weather tourist destinations. You can go on a nautical tour anywhere where there is a body of water. This includes oceans, lakes, or rivers. The Caribbean and Mediterranean are probably the most popular regions for nautical tourism.

23. Agritourism (Agrotourism)

Agritourism is travel which involves agriculture. Generally, this means visiting a farm or ranch. This style of tourism is quickly growing as people become more and more interested in the foods they eat and where they come from. Sustainability is a big part of agritourism. Agritourism is quickly becoming a major part of the tourism industry. This is similar to rural tourism.

Agritourism Activities

• Farm stays- This generally means staying on a farm and working. Farm work is a good way to clear the mind and learn new skills. It is also a method backpackers and budget travelers use to expand the length of their trip. Websites such as WWOOF International and Workaway allow travelers to work in exchange for room and board. Farm work is a popular option because everyone can contribute in some way.
• Buying meat, eggs, or produce directly from a farm or ranch – Some people like to know exactly where their food comes from. Traveling to purchase fresh or organic food can be made into a vacation.
• Picking fruits and veggies- Visiting a farm and harvesting your own food can be a fun way to spend an afternoon. As a bonus, you know that the food is fresh. Strawberries, pumpkins, and cherries are popular crops you can harvest.
• Working with animals- Collecting chicken eggs, milking cows, feeding pigs, etc.
• Learning new skills- Agritourism can be an educational activity. For example, you could learn about planting seeds, raising animals, harvesting produce, etc. Learning how food is made and where it comes from can be fascinating.
• Wine tasting- Visiting vineyards and learning about wines and how they are made is a popular activity in many regions throughout the world.
• Staying at a bed and breakfast- Vacationing in rural areas offers a different experience from the city. See rural tourism above for more info.
• Beekeeping- Visit an apiary and learn about how honey is made.

Popular Agritourism Destinations

Pretty much every country has agricultural regions that you can visit. A few of the best agritourism destinations include:

• The United States- Farming and ranching is a big part of American culture. The US is the top tourist destination for agritourism.
• Canada- A large country with plenty of rural areas to explore.
• Australia- Many backpackers visit Australia on working holiday visas. They spend part of their time working on farms and ranches. This is a style of agritourism.
• France- The top wine destination in the world.

24. Religious Tourism

Religious tourism is one of the oldest forms of tourism. Religious tourism, also known as faith tourism, is a growing trend, where travelers visit places that are either the birthplace of a major figure in their religious faith, memorialize important events in their religion, or simply experience the culture and spiritual practices of another faith. Pilgrimages can also be considered religious tourism. Non-religious people can also participate in religious tourism by visiting religious sites and learning about the history of various religions.

Religious Tourism Activities

• Pilgrimages- This is a journey that is usually made for religious purposes. This is the most common type of religious tourism. It is estimated that around 300 million people participate in pilgrimages each year.
• Missionary work- Many religions require that their members take time to travel to spread the ideas of their religion.
• Faith-based vacations- This includes cruises, resorts, camps, etc which cater to people belonging to a certain religion.
• Religious ceremonies- Some religions hold meetings , conventions, or ceremonies where members from around the world can get together.
• Visits to holy cities- Vatican City, Jerusalem, and Varanasi are examples of holy cities which are popular with religious tourists.
• Visits to shrines, churches, monasteries, temples, or any religious site- This is a religious tourism activity that non-religious people participate in. Everyone can appreciate the architecture of a beautiful cathedral or ancient religious structure. If you travel to Europe and visit a cathedral, you’re participating in religious tourism.

Popular Religious Tourism Destinations

• Vatican City- St. Peter’s Basilica sees about 7 million visitors per year.
• Jerusalem, Israel- The Western Wall is one of the most sacred sites in Judaism.
• Mecca, Saudi Arabia- Muslims from around the world make the pilgrimage to the Great Mosque of Mecca each year for Hajj. Up to 5 million Muslims make this pilgrimage each year.
• Varanasi, India- Over 21 million religious tourists travel to Varanasi to visit the Kashi Vishwanath Temple each year.
• Mexico City, Mexico- Basilica of Our Lady of Guadalupe receives around 20 million visitors per year. 
• Paris, France- Notre Dame Cathedral receives almost 14 million visitors per year.

25. Solo Tourism (Solo Travel)

Solo Tourism is any kind of travel that is done alone. This means without a guide and without any friends or family. You organize everything by yourself including transportation, accommodation, and activities. You choose what you eat and how you organize your days. A solo tour can be a simple weekend getaway or a multi-year sabbatical.

Reasons to Travel Alone

• Getting out of your comfort zone- When you’re traveling alone, nothing is familiar. This is a great experience if you’ve fallen into a routine that you don’t enjoy.
• The feeling of independence- When traveling alone, you rely on yourself for everything. If you get into a situation, you have to find a way to get yourself out of it. This leads to a feeling of accomplishment.
• The absolute freedom- There is no one there to tell you what to do. If you feel like going out for pizza, no one can stop you. If you feel like catching a bus and heading east, that is your decision to make.
• No one else to travel with- Sometimes it’s difficult to find a travel buddy for certain trips. Rather than not going at all, you may prefer to travel alone. For example, when I went to Africa, I knew that none of my friends would have any interest in tagging along so I happily went solo.

Drawbacks of Solo Tourism

• Doing things alone- After years of solo travel, I’ve gotten pretty comfortable spending time with myself. With that being said, I still have trouble going to bars alone. I just don’t find it very fun.
• You have to be more careful- If you get sick or injured while traveling alone, it’s up to you to make sure you make it to a hospital or clinic for treatment. No one else is going to help you. For more info, check out my guide: Is Solo Travel Safe? Avoiding Crime and Scams.
• Some people think it’s strange- There is a bit of a negative stigma to solo travel. For whatever reason, some people just don’t get it.

For help deciding whether or not this type of tourism is for you, check out my guide: Solo Travel Vs. Groups Travel: My Pros and Cons List

Top Solo Tourism Destinations

• Southeast Asia- From my experience, this region contains the greatest concentration of solo travelers. Thailand, Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam, Malaysia, and Indonesia are all popular tourist destinations in the region. Southeast Asia is also affordable and easy to get around. One thing I love about this destination is the street food. It allows me to enjoy the cuisine without having to eat in restaurants alone.
• Western Europe- This is another region that sees a large number of solo travelers. It’s also incredibly easy to get around with the extensive train and bus network. Hostels are available in almost every decent-sized city.
• Central and South America- These regions see a lot of tourists. They are also affordable and easy to get around.
• India- An affordable country to travel with great transportation infrastructure, world-class food, and a fascinating culture.

For more solo travel ideas, check out my guide: The Best Solo Travel Destinations. Also, check out my first solo trip review.

26. Extreme Tourism

This is a type of tourism which involves travel to dangerous areas or participating in dangerous sports or events. In most cases the danger is not real, rather perceived. The goal is an adrenaline rush. Extreme tourism is very similar to adventure tourism.

Extreme Tourism Activities

• Bungee jumping
• White water rafting
• Mountain climbing
• SCUBA diving
• Shark cage diving

Top Extreme Tourism Destinations

Generally, extreme tourism activities take place in the mountains or the ocean. A few popular destinations include:

• New Zealand

27. LGBT Tourism

Also called Gay tourism, LGBT tourism is a type of travel designed for people who are gay, lesbian, bisexual or transgender. Unfortunately, many countries around the world are dangerous or unwelcoming to LGBT people so they must put extra care when traveling or planning a vacation for the following reasons:

• Some countries criminalize homosexuality- This is particularly common in African and middle eastern countries. For example, in Uganda, homosexuality is punishable with life in prison. When I was traveling in Ethiopia, I asked a guy how gay people are treated in the country. He explained to me that the punishment is 18 years in prison. 
• Some businesses do not serve gay people- Even in my home country, the United States, there are stories of bakeries refusing to make wedding cakes for gay couples. Around the world, many hotels and restaurants refuse service to gay people.
• In some regions, local people are violent against gays- This happens in many regions across the world.

Popular LGBT Tourism Destinations

• Pride parades
• LGBT friendly cities and neighborhoods

28. Experimental Tourism

In an experimental tour, destinations and itineraries are chosen based on a game, idea, or experiment. This often involves some kind of humor or chance. Examples of experimental tourism include:

• Throwing a dart at a map and going wherever it lands- This is probably the most classic example of experimental tourism.
• Walking down a street and turn in alternate directions at each corner- For example, turn left on the first corner, turn right at the next, etc.
• Going to the airport and buying the next available ticket- Another classic example.
• Going to a popular tourist site and taking a photo in the opposite direction- This gives you a different perspective of your destination. 
• Traveling separately to the same city with a friend and finding each other once you arrive- This turns travel into a game of hide and seek.
• Taking a map of the region you are visiting and randomly selecting a location on the map grid then going there- Similar to throwing a dart. 
• Visiting multiple locations of a particular business- For example, this experimental tourist has traveled to over 14,000 Starbucks locations around the world.

29. Danger Tourism

Similar to extreme tourism, danger tourism involves travel to dangerous places or participating in dangerous events or activities. In this type of tourism, there is a real risk of injury or death involved.

Examples of Danger Tourism

• Travel to regions that are at war or in states of unrest- Visiting Syria during the civil war or visiting Somalia, for example. 
• Travel to regions where terrorists are known to operate- Traveling to Northern Nigeria, for example.
• Participating in extreme sports- Diving with sharks without a cage or wingsuit diving, for example.
• Travel to high crime cities or regions- Visiting Caracas, Venezuela or Tijuana, Mexico for example.
• Traveling through inhospitable regions- Antarctica or the Sahara, for example.

There is a certain level of risk in all travel. Some trips are just on another level. In a danger tour, there is some chance that you are injured or killed.

30. Suicide Tourism

This isn’t a type of tour you want to go on, but I’ll describe it anyway because it is a type of tourism that, sadly, seems to be growing. Also known as euthanasia tourism, suicide tourism is traveling with the intent of committing suicide.

The main reason people choose to travel to commit suicide is because in some countries physician-assisted suicide is legal. Some countries sell drugs over the counter that can be used to commit suicide.

Suicide Tourism Destinations

• Switzerland- The law allows the right to assisted suicide to foreigners.
• The Netherlands- Dutch law permits physician-assisted suicide in some cases.
• Mexico- A particular drug, which is manufactured to euthanize pets, is sometimes purchased by humans trying to commit suicide.
• The United States- Currently Oregon and Washington have laws that allow residents the right to euthanasia under a strict set of circumstances.

31. Disaster Tourism

Disaster tourism is travel to a location where an environmental disaster is currently occurring or has occurred in recent years. This disaster could be man-made or natural. Most tourists choose to visit these destinations out of curiosity. Viewing an area that has been destroyed is interesting in a morbid kind of way. Looting could also be a motivation for criminals.

Examples of Disasters

• Terrorist attack
• Nuclear accident
• Accidental explosion

This is a controversial type of tourism. There are two schools of thought when it comes to the ethics of disaster tourism. Some people believe that it is immoral for tour companies to profit off of the bad fortune of others. Also that it is voyeuristic to essentially people watch during a low point in someone’s life.

Others say that disaster is good because it allows people to see first hand what exactly is happening. This raises awareness and allows people to be empathetic to fellow human beings going through a rough time. Disaster tourism may also stimulate the local economy during a time where money is needed.

Both sides have a point. In my opinion, disaster tourism is fine as long as you aren’t adding to the suffering by making the life of the victims harder. For example, looting during a disaster situation is unacceptable.

Disaster Tourism Destinations

• The site of the 1986 Chornobyl nuclear disaster- This is probably the most famous disaster tourism destination. Even though it’s been over 30 years since the meltdown, the region is still suffering from the effects of radiation. Most tourists visit the site on organized tours from Kyiv.
• New Orleans after Hurricane Katrina- Even after almost 15 years, effects from the hurricane can still be seen in the city. Organized tours take visitors to different neighborhoods to teach about the events and history of the city.
• Pompeii- The city was destroyed during the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79 AD. Today, over 2.5 million tourists visit each year.
• The site of the Hindenburg incident- On May 6, 1937, the Hindenburg airship blew up near Lakehurst Naval Air Station in New Jersey. Today, a plaque marks the site of the accident.

32. War Tourism

War tourism is defined as recreational travel to a former or active war zone. The purpose is usually to better understand the history of a particular war or battle.

The most common form of war tourism is travel to battlegrounds from famous wars. At these sites, you’ll find plaques, museums, artifacts, and tours of the actual battle sites.

Some hardcore travelers choose to visit active war zones for the thrill and unique experience. Of course, this practice is incredibly dangerous and controversial.

War Tourism Destinations

• WWI Battlegrounds- Including Verdun, Somme, Ypres, and more.
• WWII Sites- Including the site of the D day landing in Normandy, Oradour-Sur-Glane in France, Warsaw Ghetto, Concentration camps, Anne Frank’s House, Oscar Schindler’s factory in Krakow, and many more.
• US Civil War Battlegrounds- Including Fort Sumter, Shiloh, Antietam, Gettysburg, and more.
• Active war zones- A few possible destinations include Ukraine, Yemen, and Syria. Some sources also consider parts of Mexico to be active war zones in the war on drugs.

33. Urban Exploration Tourism

Urban exploration is a type of tourism that involves exploring man-made structures. Usually, these are places that have been abandoned and left to sit for long periods without any upkeep. These sites are in a state of ruin and decay. Urban exploration can also involve visiting sites that are just hidden or difficult to access.

This type of tourism usually involves trespassing and can result in fines or punishment. There can be some danger involved as well. Dilapidated buildings may not be structurally sound. It would be easy to fall and injure yourself. You could inadvertently expose yourself to asbestos as well as toxic chemicals and gasses. There is a high level of risk involved.

Urban Exploration Tourism Destinations

• Abandonments- Visiting abandoned places of any kind including houses, factories, asylums, amusement parks, schools, etc. are all forms of urban exploration tourism. For example, some tourists visit Detroit to view the large number of homes and factories that were abandoned during the population decline of the city. Japan also has a large amount of abandoned infrastructure due to its rapid industrialization and economic decline of the late 80s and early 90s. The Salton Sea in California is another popular destination to view abandoned homes, roads, and other infrastructure.
• Rooftops- Some urban explorers climb to the top of buildings and structures to enjoy a bird’s eye view of the area. These structures could be in use or vacant.
• Catacombs- A number of cities have underground catacombs including Paris, Odessa, Rome, and Naples. Explorers usually find an entrance and visit parts of the tunnels that are not open to tourists.
• Tunnels- Utility and transit tunnels are popular areas for urban explorers to visit. They seek out an access location, enter the tunnel, and begin exploration. Many large institutions like hospitals and universities have utility tunnels. Large cities have transit tunnels where underground trains run. These tunnels could be in use or abandoned.
• Sewers and storm drains- This type of urban exploration involves finding an entrance to a city’s underground water and waste management system.

34. Budget Tourism (Budget Travel)

Budget tourism involves travel on with a small amount of money. Limiting your budget can be done for the purpose of adventure or simply due to a lack of funds. Budget tourism proves that you don’t have to be wealthy to travel. 

Backpackers are the most common type of budget tourist. This style of travel involves traveling by public transportation and staying in hostel dorms most nights. Bicycle tourists, hitchhikers, vagabonds, campers, and hikers can also be considered budget tourists.

The budget depends on where you’re traveling and how many comforts you’re willing to give up. Some travelers can get by on $5-$10 per day. This is what I would consider budget travel. Other travelers consider $100 per day to be a low budget. The average budget tourist probably spends somewhere around $1000 per month on average.

A few ways to cut your travel budget include: 

• Hitchhiking- This is a great way to cut your transportation budget. In much of the world, it’s easy to get a free ride between cities. In some places, you’re expected to help with gas money. 
• Wild camping- If you travel with a shelter and sleeping bag, you can sleep for free in many places around the world. Sometimes this is legal and sometimes it’s not. 
• Foraging- If you’re familiar with the local flora, you can harvest many types of berries, mushrooms, nuts, etc. This can help you cut your food budget. 
• Couchsurfing- Another great way to cut your accommodation budget. Several websites exist which can help you find a host including Couchurfing.com and Warmshowers.org. 
• Walking and Cycling- Cut your transportation budget by traveling under your own power.
• Cooking your own food- It’s much cheaper to buy groceries and cook for yourself than to eat in restaurants. Even if you don’t have a kitchen, you can cook up some basic meals in your hotel room.

Budget Tourism Destinations

• India- This is the ultimate budget tourism destination. Shoestring travelers can get by on as little as $15 per day while maintaining a comfortable diet and lifestyle. 
• Southeast Asia- This is the top destination for budget tourists. It’s fairly easy to get by on $20 per day and live in relative comfort. The cheapest countries in the region include Cambodia, the Philippines, and Indonesia. Thailand, Vietnam, Laos, and Malaysia are also very affordable to travel.
• Central America- This is another incredibly affordable region. It’s possible to get by on around $20 per day in most of the region. Some of the cheaper countries include Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, and Nicaragua. Costa Rica and Panama are not budget tourist destinations.
• Eastern Europe- This region isn’t the cheapest but it offers excellent value. Some of the cheaper countries include Bulgaria, Romania, Ukraine, Moldova, Albania, and Macedonia.  

35. Space Tourism

This type of tourism involves travel to space for recreational purposes. This could mean orbital, suborbital, or lunar space. 

So far, only a handful of people have traveled to space recreationally. Between 2001 and 2009, the Russian Space Agency allowed civilians to travel to the International Space Station in a Soyuz spacecraft. This is no longer an option.

At this time, there are no available space tourism options but there are a few companies working on it. Within the next few years, aerospace companies like Boeing, Space X, Blue Origin, and Virgin Galactic plan to begin offering recreational trips into space. 

36. Wildlife Tourism

Wildlife tourism is travel for the purpose of viewing and interacting with animals and plants in their native habitat. Most wildlife tourism takes place in protected areas such as national parks and game reserves.

The best example of wildlife tourism is a safari. Millions of people travel to Africa every year to view elephants, rhinos, giraffes, zebras, leopards, and lions in their natural habitat. A few top destinations include Kenya, Tanzania, and South Africa. Some popular safari parks include Serengeti National Park, Masai Mara National Reserve, Ngorongoro Crater, Kruger National Park, Ambroseli National Park, and Chobe National Park. Another example of wildlife tourism is whale watching.

A few more popular wildlife tourism destination is the Galapagos Islands, Borneo, Madagascar, and Costa Rica.

37. Sustainable Tourism

Sustainable Tourism is an approach to travel that focuses on environmental, social, and cultural conservation. It involves minimizing the negative impacts of tourism while maximizing its potential for benefiting local communities and providing an enjoyable experience for tourists.

Sustainable tourism emphasizes awareness of environmental challenges, caring for both people and the planet by reducing the consumption of natural resources, supporting local economies, and preserving local culture. The goal is to create a better environment for future generations.

38. Educational Tourism

Educational tourism is a type of tourism where the goal is to learn something new and broaden your horizons. This could be formal education through a university or school. For example, study abroad is a form of educational tourism.

Traveling to learn another language could also be a form of educational tourism. Many people travel to Latin America to take Spanish language courses.

Traveling to learn a new skill could also be a form of educational tourism. For example, maybe you’re traveling to take surf lessons, ski lessons, or SCUBA diving lessons.

Traveling to learn about history or culture could also be a form of educational tourism. Maybe you’re visiting museums, battlegrounds, or attending a cultural event with the goal of learning.

39. Mass Tourism

Mass tourism involves thousands or even tens of thousands of people traveling to the same destination for the purpose of tourism. They could be traveling to a resort, city, or a particular event. Mass tourism is one of the most common types of tourism.

For example, a good example of mass tourism is Disney theme parks. Around 161,000 people visit a Disney park per day. Cruises are another good example of mass tourism. The largest cruise ship can hold almost 10,000 passengers.

Some cities also attract massive amounts of foreign tourists. For example, Venice is probably the best example. Bali, Barcelona, and Amsterdam also experience mass tourism.

Events such as Carnival, Oktoberfest, and Mardi Gras also attract mass tourism. Religious events such as Hajj can also be considered mass tourism.

40. Music Tourism

Music tourism is travel for the purpose of attending music festivals or watching a musical performance. If you travel to see your favorite artist perform, you’re a music tourist. A few of the most popular music tourism destinations include Memphis, Berlin, Havana, London, Vienna, and Tokyo.

41. Wine Tourism

Wine tourism involves travel for the purpose of tasting, drinking, and buying wine. During a wine tour, you could visit different wineries, sample different wines, walk around the vineyard, or even learn about wine making. It is a type of food tourism. Wine tourism is also known as Enotourism, oenotourism, or vinitourism.

A few of the most popular destinations for wine tourism include France, Italy, Portugal, Argentina, Greece, Australia, Spain, New Zealand, Georgia, South Africa, and the United States.

42. Beach Tourism

Beach tourism involves visiting beaches, coastal cities, and beach resorts with the intention of enjoying the beach, sun, sand, and water sports. This is one of the most common types of tourism. Millions of people travel to the beach every year.

A few of the top beach tourism destinations include Spain, Thailand, Australia, the United States, Brazil, Mauritius, the Bahamas, the Philippines, and more. There are thousands of spectacular beaches around the world.

43. International Tourism

International tourism is travel to another country. It is an important aspect of the global economy, as tourists contribute by spending money on hotels, restaurants, transportation, and entertainment. International tourism is a major part of the tourism industry. In addition to money, international tourism also brings culture, knowledge, and understanding. This can help to bridge divides between nations and cultures.

Whenever you travel to another country, you are participating in international tourism. Even if you just cross over the border for a day. International tourism is generally more expensive than domestic tourism.

International tourism is also known as outbound tourism when leaving your home country. It is considered inbound tourism for the country you’re visiting. Many travel agencies specialize in international tourism.

The top 10 most popular international tourism destinations include:

• The United Kingdom

44. Atomic Tourism

This unique type of tourism involves traveling to learn about the atomic age to learn about history. For example, you could visit an atomic test site, museum, missile silo, delivery vehicle, nuclear disaster site, nuclear power plant, or a memorial.

A few of the most well-known atomic tourism sites include the Chornobyl Exclusion Zone, Hiroshima Peace Memorial Park, Bikini Atoll, The National Museum of Nuclear Science & History, the Nevada Test Site, the Trinity Site, Hanford, and more.

Final Thoughts

According to the World Tourism Organization, “Tourism is a social, cultural and economic phenomenon which entails the movement of people to countries or places outside their usual environment for personal or business/professional purposes.”

As we have seen, there are many different types of tourism. The tourism industry is a major part of the global economy. Traditional vacations to a resort or the beach are great but sometimes it’s nice to try something a bit different. Hopefully, this list of 44 types of tourism helps you expand your horizons while planning your next big trip.

One thing to keep in mind is that you don’t need to plan your whole trip around one type of tourism. For example, maybe you’re a foodie but you also want to give surfing a try. You can be a food tourist and extreme tourist in the same trip. Simply choose a destination that allows you to do both. Mexico would work great for this example. 

I’m pretty open-minded. Personally, I always like to try something different when I travel. I believe that tourists should be able to go anywhere they want, see anything they want, and do anything they want as long as they don’t harm anyone or cause any damage to the natural areas. I always try to choose a destination that allows me to experience something that I’ve never experienced before. 

What are your favorite types of tourism? Share your experience in the comments below!

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Zachary Friedman is an accomplished travel writer and professional blogger. Since 2011, he has traveled to 66 countries and 6 continents. He founded ‘Where The Road Forks’ in 2017 to provide readers with information and insights based on his travel and outdoor recreation experience and expertise. Zachary is also an avid cyclist and hiker. Living as a digital nomad, Zachary balances his professional life with his passions for hiking, camping, cycling, and worldwide exploration. For a deeper dive into his journey and background, visit the About page. For inquiries and collaborations, please reach out through the Contact page. You can also follow him on Facebook.

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Sunday 7th of January 2024

What an interesting read! I’d never thought about some of these. Sober travel is also very popular these days and has some popular destinations.

Zachary Friedman

Friday 12th of January 2024

Thanks for reading. Sober travel is a great idea! I'll add that one to the list

The different types of Tourism according to Cohen, UNWTO, motivation and type

Types of Tourism according to the UNWTO

Types of tourism according to cohen:, types of tourism according to motivation, types of tourism according to type and purpose of the trip.

Would you prefer to listen rather than read?👇🏼🎧

The Tourism industry has a direct impact on the global economy. In 2019 alone, 1.4 billion international arrivals were recorded, which is equivalent to one-fifth of the world’s population .

Due to the number of components that play an active role in tourism, there are an infinite number of criteria that can be used to classify it. In this article we will share what we consider to be the most significant of these criteria.

The World Tourism Organization defines three basic types of tourism in its glossary :

• Domestic Tourism : these are the activities carried out by a person within their country of residence as part of a touristic trip.
• Inbound Tourism : carried out by a non-resident tourist in the destination as part of a touristic trip.
• Outbound Tourism : tourism activities undertaken outside the country of residence.

 These types can be combined with each other to give rise to other categories:

• Internal Tourism : combines domestic and inbound tourism, as it encompasses the activities that both foreigners and nationals undertake within the borders of a country.
• National Tourism : Combines domestic and outbound tourism, as it involves trips made by residents of the same country both within and outside its borders.
• International Tourism : carried out both by residents outside their country of residence (outbound) and by foreigners within the borders (inbound).

Beyond this categorization, there is a sociological approach, in which Erik Cohen, sociologist and winner of the UNWTO Ulysses Prize for his contribution to the knowledge of tourism, defines different types of tourism associated with the organization of the trip, as well as the nature of the interaction with the destinations.

Institutionalized

• Individual mass : this is the tourist who goes to an agency in search of a tourist package. They make individual trips, taking advantage of the destination’s infrastructure established for mass tourism.
• Organized mass : these travelers take organized tours where all the details are covered and there are no surprises of any kind. It is usually family tourism without any major variations.

Non-institutionalized

• Drifter : this is the independent tourist who backpacks. They do not depend on the infrastructure and have little influence on the destination, as they interact with the environment and usually integrate with it.
• Explorer : This is the tourist who seeks new experiences, often extreme. The definition they use is “off the beaten track.” They prioritize the experience and can sacrifice comforts.

Cohen also proposes a division based on the importance of travel in people’s lives .  There are five types of experience: 

• Fun or recreational tourism
• Distraction tourism
• Experiential tourism
• Experimental tourism
• Existential tourism

Valene Smith, a key figure in the Anthropology of Tourism, defines in her introduction to “Host and Guest” the following types of tourism, according to the motivation of the trip:

• Recreational
• Environmental

And later she expands the classification according to Tourist types , where she describes:

They engage with the destination environment and are willing to adapt their behavior to the environment. They choose to visit less-traveled places and do not want to be seen as tourists.

Elite tourists

They also travel in small groups and adapt to local life, but for a limited time. They demand more amenities.

Off-beat tourists

These are independent tourists who break away from traditional itineraries and are looking to see new places. They use guidebooks for tips.

Unusual tourists

They travel on package tours or tours to visit indigenous communities. Their interest in local cultures is contemplative, and they demand the comforts of modern life so as not to take risks in the exchange.

Incipient mass tourists

Although not large in volume, these groups are beginning to demand infrastructure in the destinations they visit.

Mass tourists

They do not forgo the comforts of their country of origin and expect to be served in their own language.

Charter tourists

They purchase tours for short periods of time, demand high-quality services and have almost no interaction with the local environment.

There are infinite approaches and classifications for tourism around the world. A study by the Inter-American University for Development (UNID) makes an interesting distinction between “Classification” and “Typology” in which it defines eight kinds of tourism according to their form, which can, in turn, be subdivided into types.

Beyond these broad approaches, there is a series of categories approved by the UNWTO that is defined by the destination and purpose of the trip , and can be summarized as follows:

Rural Tourism

This takes place in destinations with low population density where agriculture and forestry are prevalent. The main objective is to experience nature, culture and productive activities.  

• Angling tourism
• Observation tourism

The core element is responsible contact with the natural environment, where the tourist observes and carries out activities in the open air.

• Bird watching
• Observation of autochthonous species

Adventure tourism

Tourism in contact with nature, involving physical dexterity to undertake activities that are generally carried out in the open air.

• Scuba diving
• Sport fishing

Cultural Tourism

This takes place in destinations that have a remarkable cultural heritage and preserve its value. The objective is to discover and enjoy these values and traditions.

• Field trips
• Artistic performances
• Festivals or other cultural events
• Visits to sites and monuments

Business Tourism

Regardless of the destination, the reason for the trip is business or professionally motivated. This type of tourism entails a specific approach, as it is carried out by demanding travelers, with little time and particular needs.

• Attending conferences and congresses
• Attending Trade Fairs and Exhibitions
• Other professional and business reasons

Gastronomic Tourism

The trip must involve culinary experiences in the destination, which can range from enjoying a meal to learning how to cook. 

UNWTO notes the high potential of this category as a sustainable activity to boost the development of local economies and promote inclusiveness.

A growing trend worth highlighting is Wine Tourism.

Coastal, Maritime and Inland Water Tourism

Includes all water-related activities. The most prominent category is Sun and Beach Tourism . However, the following should not be overlooked:

• Inland river navigation

Urban Tourism

This tourism takes place in a non-agricultural economic environment. Urban destinations offer a wealth of experiences related to art, architecture, commerce, social activities and good transport connectivity

Health tourism

Relates to the physical, mental or spiritual health benefit that travel can offer, provided by specific activities.

• Medical tourism
• Wellness tourism
• Spiritual tourism

Mountain Tourism

The nature of the trip is determined by the relief of the destination. It is not related to adventure sports, but to enjoying the attributes of the environment.

Educational Tourism

The objective is focused on acquiring new skills and knowledge.

• Exchange trips
• Language courses
• Tours for school groups

Sports Tourism

This is aimed at those who are going to enjoy or watch a sporting activity.

• Attending the Football World Cup
• Attending the Olympic Games
• Sports Delegation Trips

Each category will also be defined according to the needs and possibilities offered by the tourist destination, but in principle it is important to be able to sustain a basic classification in order to guide the statistics and to be able to work on comparisons and equivalences, depending on the focus we are addressing.

Bibliography

Erik Cohen , Major trends in contemporary tourism . Department of Sociology and Anthropology. The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 2004

Erik Cohen , The sociology of tourism: Approaches, issues and findings.  in  Annual Review of Sociology, 10,373-392., 1984

Smith, Valene , Hosts and guests. The anthropology of tourism . Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Press, 1989. 

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Cristóbal Reali, VP of Global Sales at Mize, with over 20 years of experience, has led high-performance teams in major companies in the tourism industry, as well as in the public sector. He has successfully undertaken ventures, including a DMO and technology transformation consulting. In his role at Mize, he stands out not only for his analytical and strategic ability but also for effective leadership. He speaks English, Spanish, Portuguese, and Italian. He holds a degree in Economics from UBA, complementing his professional training at Harvard Business School Online.

Mize is the leading hotel booking optimization solution in the world. With over 170 partners using our fintech products, Mize creates new extra profit for the hotel booking industry using its fully automated proprietary technology and has generated hundreds of millions of dollars in revenue across its suite of products for its partners. Mize was founded in 2016 with its headquarters in Tel Aviv and offices worldwide.

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The Ultimate Guide To Types of Tourism: From Active to Zoological and More

Welcome to our ultimate guide to types of tourism! This collection is a comprehensive exploration of the diverse world of travel. 

In this guide, we delve into an extensive array of tourism types, each offering unique experiences and perspectives on the world. From thrill-seekers to animal enthusiasts and more, this guide covers a spectrum that caters to every traveler’s preference and style. 

Our aim is to enlighten both seasoned and novice tourism professionals and providers about the myriad ways people can explore, learn, and interact with different cultures, environments, and communities. 

Join us as we journey through each type of tourism, uncovering the nuances and specialties that make each one distinct and worthwhile.

3 Benefits to Understanding Types of Tourism

3 limitations of tourism typologies, active tourism, adventure tourism, accessible tourism, agritourism, alternative tourism, archaeological tourism, birth tourism, business tourism or mice tourism, bird tourism, coffee tourism, community-based tourism, craft tourism, cruise tourism, culinary tourism or food tourism, cultural tourism, dark tourism, dental tourism, disaster tourism, domestic tourism, drug tourism, educational tourism, enotourism/wine tourism, experiential tourism, extreme tourism, fashion tourism, film tourism, genealogy tourism, halal tourism, health tourism, heritage tourism, honeymoon tourism, industrial tourism, jungle tourism, justice tourism, lgbt tourism, literary tourism, medical tourism, militarism heritage tourism, music tourism, nautical tourism, ocean tourism, photography tourism, political tourism, rail tourism, regenerative tourism, religious tourism, rural tourism, science tourism, senior tourism, sex tourism, slow tourism, slum tourism, snow and ice tourism, space tourism, sports tourism, sustainable tourism, virtual tourism, voluntourism, war tourism, wellness tourism, wildlife tourism, zoological tourism, what other types of tourism are out there, what are the benefits of understanding types of tourism.

As you explore this guide, consider both the benefits and limitations of these tourism types. 

Use them as a lens to view the vast, dynamic landscape of travel, keeping in mind that the real essence of tourism often lies in the unique, unclassifiable experiences that transcend these categories. 

This guide aims to spark ideas, foster understanding, and offer a structured overview while celebrating the diversity and complexity of travel experiences worldwide.

• Identifying Personal Preferences and Destination Offerings – By exploring the different types of tourism, you can better understand what appeals to you as a traveler or what your destination can uniquely offer. This knowledge helps in tailoring travel experiences to personal tastes or in marketing a destination effectively.
• Competitive Analysis – For travel professionals and destination planners, understanding the breadth of tourism types provides a valuable tool for competitive analysis. By seeing what other destinations are doing, you can identify trends, gaps, and opportunities in the market.
• Learning from Successes and Failures – This guide serves as a repository of diverse tourism practices, allowing you to see what works and what doesn’t in different contexts. Such insights are invaluable for refining strategies and offerings in the tourism industry.
• Academic Orientation – While the categorization of tourism types is insightful, it’s important to recognize that this approach can be somewhat academic. The way these categories are defined and discussed may not always align with the more fluid, real-world experiences of travelers and industry practitioners.
• Tourist Self-Identification – Many tourists may not consciously identify with specific tourism labels like “wellness tourism seekers” or “adventure tourists.” Their motivations and behaviors might overlap across several types of tourism, making it challenging to pigeonhole their experiences into a single category.
• Guidelines, Not Rules – Consequently, it’s crucial to view these categories as flexible guidelines rather than rigid classifications. They offer a framework for understanding the broad spectrum of tourism, but they should be adapted and interpreted in the context of real-world experiences and market dynamics.

Now, I would like to begin expanding our list of types of tourism. I would like to give you 5 at a time. For each type of tourism, please give a 4-5 sentence paragraph explaining generally what this type of tourism consists of. Then give 3 bullets of examples from around the world that classify this type of tourism. Does that sound doable?

64 Types of Tourism (and Counting!)

Active tourism is centered around travel experiences that involve physical activities and outdoor adventures. It’s ideal for those who seek an energetic and health-conscious way to explore new destinations. 

This type of tourism includes a range of activities such as hiking tours, cycling tours, and running tours, each offering a unique way to connect with the landscape and culture of a place.

Examples of active tourism :

• Hiking Tours in the Swiss Alps – Trekking through scenic mountain trails and enjoying breathtaking views.
• Cycling Tours in the Loire Valley, France – Exploring picturesque villages and vineyards on bike.
• Run Tours in the Italian Dolomites – Self-guided and guide-led tours through one of the most challenging and dramatic run destinations.

Adventure tourism is characterized by its focus on active, outdoor experiences that often involve an element of risk or physical exertion. It caters to travelers seeking excitement, adrenaline, and exploration in natural or exotic environments. 

This type of tourism usually involves activities like trekking, mountain biking, rock climbing, or water sports. It appeals to those who want to step outside their comfort zone and embrace nature’s challenges.

Examples of Adventure Tourism :

• Trekking in the Himalayas, Nepal – Offering some of the world’s most breathtaking treks, including the famous Everest Base Camp trek.
• White-water Rafting in the Grand Canyon, USA – Navigating the rapids of the Colorado River amidst stunning canyon scenery.
• Safari Adventure in Kruger National Park, South Africa – Experiencing wildlife up close on guided safaris and bush walks.

Accessible tourism ensures travel and tourism opportunities are available to all people, regardless of their physical limitations, disabilities, or age. 

This form of tourism focuses on creating inclusive environments, from transportation to accommodations and attractions, ensuring accessibility for everyone. It’s about removing barriers to travel and embracing a diverse range of travelers.

Examples of accessible tourism :

• Barrier-Free Travel in Berlin, Germany – Known for its accessible public transportation and facilities.
• Accessible Beaches in Gold Coast, Australia – Featuring beach wheelchairs and accessible walkways.
• Disney World, Florida, USA – Offering extensive accessibility options for visitors with various disabilities.

Agritourism, or agricultural tourism, involves visiting a working farm or any agricultural, horticultural, or agribusiness operation to enjoy, be educated, or be involved in activities. 

This type of tourism includes a wide range of activities like fruit picking, farm stays, wine tasting, and learning about rural ways of life. It’s a way for tourists to experience and understand the agricultural landscape and traditions.

Examples of agritourism :

• Wine Tours in Tuscany, Italy – Exploring vineyards and tasting world-class wines.
• Farm Stays in Vermont, USA – Participating in farm activities and enjoying local, farm-to-table meals.
• Tea Plantation Tours in Kerala, India – Witnessing tea production and enjoying scenic plantation walks.

Alternative tourism is an approach that emphasizes travel outside of the conventional mass tourism model. It focuses on smaller groups, less trodden destinations, and experiences that promote environmental sustainability, cultural understanding, and local community engagement. 

This type of tourism often involves eco-friendly practices, cultural immersion, and responsible travel ethics.

Examples of alternative tourism:

• Eco-Lodges in the Amazon Rainforest, Brazil – Providing sustainable accommodation and immersive rainforest experiences.
• Community-based Tourism in Chiang Mai, Thailand – Engaging with local hill tribes and participating in their daily activities.
• Responsible Wildlife Tours in Galapagos Islands, Ecuador – Promoting conservation and responsible interaction with unique wildlife.

Archaeological tourism involves traveling to sites of historical and archaeological significance. It appeals to those interested in the ancient history and civilizations of different cultures. 

Tourists get to explore ruins, artifacts, and museums, often with the guidance of experts to enrich their understanding of the site’s historical context.

Examples of archaeological tourism :

• Pyramids of Giza, Egypt – Exploring one of the most iconic and ancient wonders of the world.
• Machu Picchu, Peru – Visiting the well-preserved ruins of an Incan city set high in the Andes Mountains.
• Roman Colosseum, Italy – Touring the remains of the ancient Roman amphitheater, rich in historical significance.

Birth tourism refers to the practice of traveling to another country for the purpose of giving birth in that country. The primary motivation is often to obtain certain benefits for the child, such as citizenship or access to superior healthcare. 

This type of tourism involves extended stays and often requires considerable planning and understanding of the destination’s legal and medical systems.

Examples of birth tourism :

• Canada and the United States – Popular destinations for birth tourism due to the automatic right to citizenship for children born in these countries.
• Brazil – Known for its high-quality healthcare facilities attracting birth tourists.
• Germany – Offers excellent healthcare and allows children born to foreign parents to apply for citizenship under certain conditions.

Business tourism, also known as corporate or MICE (Meetings, Incentives, Conferences, and Exhibitions) tourism, involves travel for business-related purposes. This includes attending conferences, meetings, trade shows, and corporate events. 

It’s a major sector of the tourism industry, often involving high-level logistics and luxury accommodations.

Examples of business tourism/MICE tourism :

• Dubai, UAE – Frequently hosts international business conferences and exhibitions.
• Las Vegas, USA – Known for its large convention centers and hosting major trade shows.
• Singapore – A hub for corporate meetings and international business events in Asia.

Bird tourism, or birding, is a form of natural tourism where individuals travel specifically to observe and study birds in their natural habitat. This type of tourism is popular among wildlife enthusiasts and nature photographers. 

It contributes to conservation efforts and promotes awareness of bird species and their environments.

Examples of bird tourism :

• Costa Rica – Home to a diverse range of bird species, attracting bird watchers from around the world.
• Kruger National Park, South Africa – Offers birding safaris to see African bird species.
• Papua New Guinea – Known for its endemic bird species, including the famous Birds of Paradise.

Coffee tourism centers around visiting coffee plantations, learning about the coffee production process, and tasting various types of coffee. It provides insight into the journey of coffee from bean to cup, including cultivation, harvesting, and roasting. 

This type of tourism is especially popular among coffee enthusiasts and those interested in agritourism. It’s also a way to understand the cultural and economic importance of coffee in different regions.

Examples of coffee tourism :

• Coffee Plantations in Colombia – Exploring the renowned coffee-growing regions and experiencing the rich flavor of Colombian coffee.
• Café Tours in Vienna, Austria – Discovering the historic coffee houses and the city’s coffee culture.
• Coffee Farms in Uganda – A special recommendation from Travel Marketing School’s founder, as he conducted a research project in Uganda, delving into the local coffee industry and its impact on communities.

Community-based tourism focuses on local communities and their cultures, traditions, and daily lives. It’s a form of sustainable tourism that aims to benefit local residents directly, often through immersive cultural experiences. 

This tourism type encourages respectful and meaningful interactions between tourists and host communities.

Examples of community-based tourism :

• Sapa, Vietnam – Visitors engage with local hill tribes and experience traditional lifestyles.
• Masai Mara, Kenya – Offers cultural experiences with the Maasai people, including village tours and traditional dance performances.
• Oaxaca, Mexico – Known for community-based cultural tours, artisan workshops, and local cuisine.

Craft tourism involves traveling to destinations known for unique local crafts and artisanal products. Tourists get the chance to see artisans at work, learn about traditional crafting techniques, and purchase handmade goods. 

This type of tourism supports local artisans and preserves cultural heritage.

Examples of craft tourism :

• Marrakech, Morocco – Famous for its souks with traditional crafts like pottery, leather goods, and textiles.
• Kyoto, Japan – Offers experiences in traditional Japanese crafts such as kimono making and woodworking.
• Santa Fe, New Mexico, USA – Known for Native American and Spanish colonial crafts, including jewelry and pottery.

Cruise tourism involves traveling on cruise ships that offer various on-board amenities and stop at multiple destinations. It’s a unique way to explore different places while enjoying the luxury and entertainment provided on the cruise. 

This type of tourism is popular for its convenience, all-inclusive packages, and the ability to visit multiple locations in a single trip.

Examples of cruise tourism :

• Caribbean Cruises – Known for their scenic island stops and vibrant on-board activities.
• Mediterranean Cruises – Offering a journey through historic ports in countries like Italy, Greece, and Spain.
• Alaskan Cruises – Showcasing stunning glacier views, wildlife, and unique shore excursions.

Culinary tourism, also known as food tourism, involves traveling primarily for experiencing the food and culinary traditions of a particular region. 

This type of tourism is not just about dining out, but also includes activities like food tours, cooking classes, wine tastings, and visiting farmers’ markets. It appeals to those keen on exploring a destination’s culture through its gastronomy.

Examples of culinary tourism or food tourism :

• Bologna, Italy – Known for its rich food culture, including dishes like Bolognese sauce and Parmigiano Reggiano cheese.
• Bangkok, Thailand – Famous for its street food tours offering a taste of authentic Thai cuisine.
• Oaxaca, Mexico – Offers culinary experiences centered around traditional Mexican cuisine, including mole and mezcal tasting.

Cultural tourism involves traveling to experience the culture, traditions, and lifestyle of a particular area. This includes visiting historical sites, festivals, art galleries, theaters, and experiencing local customs. 

Cultural tourists seek to gain an authentic experience and a deeper understanding of the destination’s heritage.

Examples of cultural tourism :

• Kyoto, Japan – Renowned for its temples, traditional tea ceremonies, and Geisha culture.
• Paris, France – Offers a rich cultural experience with its world-famous museums, art galleries, and historical architecture.
• Marrakech, Morocco – Known for its vibrant souks, historic palaces, and Berber culture.

Dark tourism involves visiting sites associated with death, suffering, or tragedy. This controversial form of tourism is often educational and thought-provoking, aiming to commemorate and remember historical events. 

It includes visiting war zones, genocide memorials, disaster sites, and prisons.

Examples of dark tourism :

• Auschwitz-Birkenau, Poland – A former Nazi concentration and extermination camp, now a museum and memorial.
• Chernobyl, Ukraine – Tours to the site of the Chernobyl nuclear disaster.
• Ground Zero, New York, USA – The site of the September 11 attacks, now home to a memorial and museum.

Dental tourism involves traveling abroad for affordable dental care, surgery, or procedures that are more expensive in one’s home country. It’s often combined with the opportunity to vacation and relax during the recovery period. 

This type of tourism is popular due to the cost savings and quality of care available in certain countries.

Examples of dental tourism :

• Bangkok, Thailand – Known for high-quality dental services at a fraction of the cost compared to Western countries.
• Budapest, Hungary – A popular destination for dental care, offering modern clinics and experienced dentists.
• Costa Rica – Attracts dental tourists with its combination of professional dental care and beautiful vacation spots.

Disaster tourism is the practice of visiting locations that have experienced natural or man-made disasters. It can be controversial, but when managed ethically, it can offer educational value and support for the affected communities through tourism revenue. 

This type of tourism includes visiting areas hit by hurricanes, earthquakes, or industrial catastrophes.

Examples of disaster tourism :

• New Orleans, USA – Tours of areas affected by Hurricane Katrina, focusing on the disaster’s impact and recovery efforts.
• Pompeii, Italy – An ancient city preserved in volcanic ash from Mount Vesuvius, offering insights into the life and sudden end of a Roman city.
• Fukushima, Japan – Guided tours in the regions affected by the 2011 tsunami and nuclear disaster, focusing on the impacts and ongoing recovery.

Domestic tourism involves traveling within one’s own country rather than going abroad. This type of tourism allows individuals to explore different regions, cultures, and attractions within their national borders. It’s a way to support local economies and discover the diversity of one’s own country. 

Domestic travel can range from weekend getaways to extended tours and can include a variety of activities like city breaks, countryside excursions, or coastal holidays.

Examples of domestic tourism :

• The Lake District, England – Known for its stunning landscapes, hiking trails, and quaint villages.
• Yellowstone National Park, USA – Attracts visitors with its geothermal features and wildlife.
• Great Ocean Road, Australia – A scenic drive famous for its rugged coastline, including the Twelve Apostles.

Drug tourism refers to travel to a region to obtain or use drugs that are illegal in one’s home country. This controversial type of tourism often involves substances that are culturally or legally accepted in the destination. 

It’s important to approach this topic with an understanding of the legal and ethical implications involved.

Examples of drug tourism :

• Amsterdam, Netherlands – Known for its coffee shops where certain types of cannabis are legally sold and consumed.
• Ayahuasca Retreats in Peru – Offering spiritual experiences with the traditional Ayahuasca brew, often under the guidance of a shaman.
• Certain States in the USA – Where the recreational use of cannabis is legal, attracting tourists from other states or countries.

Ecotourism focuses on responsible travel to natural areas, conserving the environment, and improving the well-being of local people. It emphasizes minimizing the impact of tourism, promoting environmental awareness, and providing direct financial benefits for conservation and community development. 

Ecotourism experiences often include wildlife viewing, nature hikes, and educational activities about local ecosystems.

Examples of ecotourism :

• Costa Rica – A global leader in ecotourism, known for its rainforest tours and conservation efforts.
• The Galapagos Islands, Ecuador – Offers unique wildlife experiences with a strong emphasis on preserving the islands’ delicate ecosystem.
• Kenya – Renowned for its safari experiences in national parks that combine wildlife viewing with conservation efforts.

Educational tourism is travel aimed at acquiring knowledge or learning something new, including student exchanges, study tours, and academic sabbaticals.

This type of tourism can encompass a wide range of subjects, from language learning to cultural studies, and is often facilitated by educational institutions.

Examples of educational tourism :

• Language Schools in Spain – Offering immersive Spanish language learning experiences.
• Historical Tours in Rome, Italy – Focusing on the city’s rich ancient history and architecture.
• Cooking Schools in Thailand – Where tourists learn to cook traditional Thai dishes in a hands-on setting.

Enotourism, or wine tourism, involves visiting vineyards, wineries, wine festivals, and tasting rooms to experience the process of wine production and to taste wines in their natural setting. 

This type of tourism often includes learning about viticulture and winemaking processes, and experiencing the culture and cuisine associated with wine regions.

Examples of enotourism or wine tourism :

• Bordeaux, France – Famous for its wine tours and tastings in renowned vineyards.
• Napa Valley, California, USA – Known for its world-class wineries and beautiful landscapes.
• Tuscany, Italy – Offers picturesque vineyards, wine tastings, and tours of historic wineries.

Experiential tourism focuses on creating immersive experiences for travelers, allowing them to actively engage with the history, people, culture, food, and environment of a destination. Instead of being passive observers, tourists are encouraged to participate actively in the local way of life. 

This type of tourism often involves authentic, hands-on activities that provide a deeper understanding of the local culture.

Examples of experiential tourism :

• Live Like a Local in Bali, Indonesia – Engaging in traditional Balinese daily activities, from rice farming to temple rituals.
• Culinary Classes in France – Learning to cook regional French dishes with local chefs.
• Maori Cultural Experiences in New Zealand – Immersive experiences in Maori history, art, and traditional ceremonies.

Extreme tourism caters to tourists seeking adrenaline-pumping activities and experiences that involve a high level of risk. This type of tourism is for thrill-seekers who enjoy challenging themselves physically and mentally. 

Activities often take place in extreme or unusual environments, from remote wilderness to harsh climates.

Examples of extreme tourism :

• Mount Everest Expeditions, Nepal – Attempting to summit the world’s highest peak.
• Volcano Boarding in Nicaragua – Sliding down the slopes of an active volcano on a specialized board.
• Ice Diving in Antarctica – Exploring underwater environments beneath the ice.

Fashion tourism revolves around traveling to destinations known for their influence in the world of fashion. This includes visiting fashion capitals for events like Fashion Week, exploring famous shopping districts, and attending fashion shows. 

It’s a blend of travel and the love of fashion, style, and shopping.

Examples of fashion tourism :

• Milan Fashion Week, Italy – Attending one of the most prestigious events in the fashion world.
• Shopping in Paris, France – Exploring high-end fashion boutiques in areas like the Champs-Élysées.
• Garment District Tour in New York City, USA – Discovering the heart of America’s fashion industry.

Film tourism involves visiting locations where famous movies or TV shows were filmed. This type of tourism allows fans to connect with their favorite media by seeing and experiencing the actual places featured on screen. 

It includes guided tours of film sets, themed attractions, and visiting iconic locations from popular films.

Examples of film tourism :

• Hobbiton Movie Set, New Zealand – Exploring the filming location of “The Lord of the Rings” and “The Hobbit” trilogies.
• Game of Thrones Tours in Dubrovnik, Croatia – Visiting key filming locations from the popular TV series.
• Harry Potter Studio Tour in London, England – Experiencing the behind-the-scenes of the Harry Potter movie series.

Genealogy tourism, or ancestry tourism, involves individuals traveling to explore their family roots and heritage. This journey often includes visiting ancestral hometowns, exploring archives and libraries, and connecting with distant relatives. 

It’s a personal form of tourism that provides a deeper understanding of one’s family history and cultural background.

Examples of genealogy tourism :

• Visiting Ellis Island, USA – Exploring the gateway for millions of immigrants and searching historical records.
• Ancestral Villages in China – Travelers visit their ancestral villages to learn about family history and participate in traditional customs.
• Genealogy Research in Ireland – Utilizing resources like the National Library of Ireland to trace Irish ancestry and visiting ancestral homes.

Geotourism focuses on the geographical characteristics of a destination, including its culture, aesthetics, heritage, and well-being of its inhabitants. It emphasizes a deep respect and appreciation for the intrinsic natural and cultural features of a place. 

Geotourism often involves exploring unique geological features, landscapes, and local traditions in a sustainable manner.

Examples of geotourism :

• Grand Canyon, USA – Marveling at one of the world’s most renowned geological wonders.
• Icelandic Geothermal Springs – Experiencing geysers, hot springs, and volcanic landscapes.
• The Great Barrier Reef, Australia – Exploring the world’s largest coral reef system, renowned for its vibrant marine life.

Halal tourism caters to Muslim travelers who wish to adhere to their Islamic beliefs while traveling. This includes access to Halal food, prayer facilities, and accommodation that aligns with Islamic practices. 

Halal tourism also often involves experiences that respect Islamic culture and heritage.

Examples of halal tourism :

• Istanbul, Turkey – Offering a rich Islamic heritage, Halal-friendly hotels, and mosques.
• Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia – Known for its Halal culinary scene and Islamic art museums.
• Dubai, UAE – Providing luxury Halal travel experiences, from shopping to accommodation.

Health tourism involves traveling to improve one’s physical or mental health, often including medical treatments, wellness retreats, or fitness programs. 

This type of tourism can range from spa and wellness retreats to undergoing medical procedures or therapies in specialized facilities abroad.

Examples of health tourism :

• Spa Retreats in Bali, Indonesia – Offering holistic wellness experiences, including traditional Balinese treatments.
• Yoga Retreats in Rishikesh, India – Known as the ‘Yoga Capital of the World’, offering a range of yoga and meditation retreats.
• Thermal Baths in Budapest, Hungary – Famous for its thermal springs and spa culture.

Heritage tourism involves visiting sites of historical or cultural significance to understand and appreciate the past. It includes exploring ancient ruins, historical landmarks, museums, and culturally rich neighborhoods. 

This type of tourism is about connecting with the history, traditions, and heritage of a place.

Examples of heritage tourism :

• The Pyramids of Giza, Egypt – Exploring one of the most significant archaeological sites in the world.
• The Historic Center of Rome, Italy – Immersing in the rich history of the Roman Empire.
• The Great Wall of China – Visiting the iconic symbol of China’s historical defense architecture.

Honeymoon tourism caters to newlyweds seeking a romantic and memorable experience post-wedding. It often involves luxury accommodations, picturesque settings, and romantic activities. 

Destinations range from tropical beaches to cozy mountain retreats, tailored to provide an intimate and special experience for couples.

Examples of honeymoon tourism :

• Maldives – Known for its overwater bungalows and idyllic island settings.
• Paris, France – Often dubbed the ‘City of Love’, popular for its romantic ambiance.
• Santorini, Greece – Famous for its stunning sunsets, white-washed buildings, and beautiful beaches.

Industrial tourism involves visiting industrial sites, factories, or other facilities to learn about their history, operations, and contributions to society. This type of tourism offers insight into various industries, from traditional manufacturing to high-tech sectors. 

Visitors get a chance to see how products are made and understand the industrial heritage of a region.

Examples of industrial tourism :

• Boeing Factory Tour, Seattle, USA – Observing the assembly of airplanes in the world’s largest building by volume.
• Guinness Storehouse, Dublin, Ireland – Exploring the history and production of the famous beer.
• BMW Welt, Munich, Germany – Showcasing the brand’s history and offering insights into modern car manufacturing.

Jungle tourism focuses on exploring dense rainforests or jungles, offering an immersive experience in rich, biodiverse environments. This type of tourism often includes guided treks, wildlife watching, and learning about the ecosystem and indigenous cultures. 

It’s popular among nature enthusiasts and adventure seekers.

Examples of jungle tourism :

• Amazon Rainforest, Brazil – Experiencing the world’s largest tropical rainforest and its diverse wildlife.
• Taman Negara, Malaysia – Exploring one of the world’s oldest rainforests with guided jungle treks.
• Madagascar – Visiting unique ecosystems with a vast array of endemic species, from lemurs to exotic plants.

Justice tourism is a form of travel concerned with social justice and human rights. It involves visiting places significant to historical or contemporary struggles for justice and equality. 

This type of tourism aims to educate travelers about issues like poverty, oppression, and civil rights, often involving interactions with local communities.

Examples of justice tourism :

• Robben Island, South Africa – The prison where Nelson Mandela was held, now a symbol of the struggle against apartheid.
• Civil Rights Trail, USA – Visiting key sites of the American Civil Rights Movement.
• Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe, Berlin, Germany – Reflecting on the history and impact of the Holocaust.

LGBT tourism caters to members of the LGBT community and is focused on destinations, accommodations, and events that are welcoming and inclusive. This type of tourism includes pride festivals, cruises, and destinations known for their supportive and vibrant LGBT scenes. 

It promotes a safe and open environment for LGBT travelers.

Examples of LGBT tourism :

• San Francisco, USA – Known for its inclusive and vibrant LGBT community and history.
• Amsterdam, Netherlands – Hosting one of the world’s most famous pride parades and offering a welcoming atmosphere.
• Mykonos, Greece – A popular LGBT-friendly island with a lively nightlife and beautiful beaches.

Literary tourism involves visiting locations associated with famous authors, literary works, or literary history. This can include authors’ homes, settings of famous novels, or literary festivals. 

It appeals to book lovers and those interested in the world of literature and storytelling.

Examples of literary tourism :

• Stratford-upon-Avon, England – The birthplace of William Shakespeare, with various related sites and theaters.
• Brontë Parsonage Museum, England – The former home of the Brontë sisters, set in the landscape that inspired their novels.
• Joyce’s Dublin, Ireland – Exploring the city through the lens of James Joyce’s works, particularly “Ulysses.”

Medical tourism involves traveling to another country for medical care, often driven by lower costs, higher quality services, or access to specific treatments not available in one’s home country. 

This can include a wide range of medical services, from elective procedures like cosmetic surgery to complex treatments such as organ transplants or fertility therapy.

Examples of medical tourism :

• Bangkok, Thailand – Renowned for high-quality medical care at affordable prices, especially in cosmetic and reconstructive surgery.
• India – Offers advanced medical treatments like cardiac surgery and orthopedics at competitive prices.
• South Korea – Known for its advanced medical technology, particularly in areas like dermatology and plastic surgery.

Militarism heritage tourism involves visiting sites significant to military history, such as battlefields, war memorials, and military museums. 

This type of tourism is aimed at understanding the historical context of wars and conflicts and honoring the memory of those who served.

Examples of militarism heritage tourism :

• Normandy, France – Visiting the D-Day landing beaches and war cemeteries from World War II.
• Gettysburg, USA – Exploring the site of the pivotal battle in the American Civil War.
• Hiroshima Peace Memorial, Japan – Reflecting on the impact of the atomic bomb and promoting peace.

Music tourism is travel motivated by the love of music, whether it’s visiting famous music destinations, attending concerts and festivals, or exploring the history of certain music genres. 

This type of tourism can include a variety of musical experiences, from classical music concerts to rock festivals.

Examples of music tourism :

• Nashville, USA – Known as the “Music City” and famous for its country music scene and attractions like the Grand Ole Opry.
• Vienna, Austria – Celebrated for its classical music heritage and venues like the Vienna State Opera.
• New Orleans, USA – Renowned for its jazz music, lively music festivals, and vibrant street performances.

Nautical tourism encompasses activities and experiences related to sailing and boating. This can include yacht chartering, sailing regattas, and visiting maritime museums. 

Nautical tourism is popular among those who enjoy the sea and water-based activities.

Examples of nautical tourism :

• Greek Islands Yacht Tour – Exploring the Aegean Sea and visiting various Greek islands by boat.
• Croatian Coastline – Offering sailing experiences along its scenic Adriatic coast.
• Monaco Yacht Show – One of the most prestigious nautical events showcasing luxury yachting.

Ocean tourism focuses on activities and experiences in and around the ocean. This includes a wide range of water-based activities such as scuba diving, snorkeling, ocean kayaking, and whale watching. 

It’s ideal for those who wish to explore marine life and oceanic environments.

Examples of ocean tourism :

• Great Barrier Reef, Australia – World-famous for scuba diving and snorkeling, showcasing an array of marine life.
• Whale Watching in Maui, Hawaii – Offering opportunities to see humpback whales in their natural habitat.
• Surfing in Bali, Indonesia – Known for its excellent surfing spots and vibrant marine life.

Photography tourism caters to those who travel specifically to capture photographs of scenic, cultural, or unique subjects. This can include wildlife photography safaris, visits to picturesque landscapes, or urban photography tours. 

It’s ideal for both amateur and professional photographers looking to expand their portfolios with diverse and compelling images.

Examples of photography tourism :

• Iceland – Popular for capturing natural phenomena like the Northern Lights and dramatic landscapes.
• Masai Mara, Kenya – A prime destination for wildlife photography, especially during the Great Migration.
• Paris, France – Offering classic urban photography opportunities with iconic landmarks like the Eiffel Tower.

Political tourism involves traveling to sites of significant political interest, including historical landmarks, political institutions, or locations known for political events. 

This type of tourism is aimed at those interested in political history, activism, or contemporary political scenes.

Examples of political tourism :

• Washington D.C., USA – Visiting the U.S. Capitol, White House, and various political memorials.
• Berlin, Germany – Exploring sites like the Berlin Wall and Reichstag building, rich in political history.
• Beijing, China – Home to the Forbidden City and Tiananmen Square, significant in Chinese political history.

Rail tourism is centered around journeys on trains, offering a unique way to view landscapes and explore regions. This can range from luxury train experiences to scenic rail routes that traverse through picturesque countryside, mountains, or coastal areas. 

It appeals to those who enjoy the romance and nostalgia of train travel.

Examples of rail tourism :

• Trans-Siberian Railway, Russia – One of the world’s longest train journeys, crossing diverse landscapes from Moscow to Vladivostok.
• The Ghan, Australia – A coast-to-coast rail journey across the Australian continent, from Darwin to Adelaide.
• Glacier Express, Switzerland – Renowned for its panoramic views of the Swiss Alps.

Regenerative tourism goes beyond sustainability, aiming to leave a place better than it was found. This approach involves engaging in travel practices that restore and enhance the environment, local culture, and community well-being. 

It’s about creating a positive impact and contributing to the regeneration of the ecosystems and communities visited.

Examples of regenerative tourism :

• Reforestation Projects in the Amazon Rainforest, Brazil – Participating in efforts to replant and restore parts of the rainforest.
• Cultural Preservation Programs in Bali, Indonesia – Supporting initiatives that maintain and rejuvenate traditional Balinese arts and crafts.
• Ecosystem Restoration Camps, Various Locations – Joining camps that focus on restoring degraded landscapes and promoting ecological health.

Religious tourism, or pilgrimage, involves traveling to religious sites, temples, churches, or regions significant to specific faiths. 

This type of tourism can be a spiritual journey or a way to explore the historical and cultural aspects of different religions.

Examples of religious tourism :

• Mecca, Saudi Arabia – The holiest city in Islam, visited by millions of Muslims for the Hajj pilgrimage.
• Vatican City – Attracting millions of Christian pilgrims and tourists to St. Peter’s Basilica and the Sistine Chapel.
• Varanasi, India – One of the oldest and most sacred cities in Hinduism, famous for its ghats and temples.

Rural tourism focuses on visiting rural areas to experience and understand the rural lifestyle, culture, and traditions. It often involves staying in villages, farmhouses, or homestays, and participating in activities like hiking, local crafts, and agriculture. 

This type of tourism is popular among those seeking a tranquil and authentic experience away from urban centers.

Examples of rural tourism :

• Tuscany, Italy – Known for its picturesque countryside, vineyards, and traditional farm stays.
• Shirakawa-go, Japan – Offers a unique experience in traditional thatched-roof villages.
• Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, USA – Provides insight into the Amish lifestyle and culture.

Science tourism is centered around visiting sites of scientific interest, such as observatories, science museums, and research facilities. It appeals to those interested in learning about various scientific fields, from astronomy to geology. 

This type of tourism often includes educational tours and interactive experiences designed to enhance understanding of scientific principles and discoveries.

Examples of science tourism :

• CERN, Switzerland – Touring the world’s largest particle physics laboratory.
• Kennedy Space Center, Florida, USA – Exploring NASA’s launch complex and space exploration exhibits.
• Galapagos Islands, Ecuador – Known for their unique biodiversity, offering insights into evolutionary biology.

Senior tourism caters to older travelers, often offering tailored travel experiences that are accessible and comfortable for them. This can include cultural tours, cruise trips, and leisure destinations with a focus on health, relaxation, and low-impact activities. 

Senior tourism prioritizes ease of access, quality of services, and opportunities for social interaction.

Examples of senior tourism :

• Cruise trips in the Mediterranean – Providing accessible and leisurely travel experiences with stops at historical cities.
• Health resorts in Baden-Baden, Germany – Offering therapeutic spa treatments in a serene environment.
• Cultural tours in Japan – Guided tours with a focus on comfort and accessibility, exploring traditional Japanese culture.

Sex tourism involves traveling to engage in sexual activities, often with commercial sex workers. This controversial and often illegal form of tourism raises significant ethical and legal concerns. 

It’s important to approach this topic with an understanding of the legal, social, and human rights implications involved.

Examples of sex tourism :

• Bangkok, Thailand – Known for its red-light districts, though this aspect is controversial and subject to legal and ethical scrutiny.
• Amsterdam, Netherlands – Notable for its legalized and regulated Red Light District, though the city has been taking measures to address issues related to sex tourism.
• Nevada, USA – Certain areas in Nevada have legal brothels, though this is a highly regulated industry.

Slow tourism emphasizes taking time to enjoy and experience the destination deeply rather than trying to see everything in a rush. It’s about immersing oneself in the local culture, environment, and way of life, often involving longer stays, and sustainable and mindful travel practices.

Examples of slow tourism :

• Canal Boating in France – Exploring the countryside at a leisurely pace through its network of canals.
• Walking tours in Tuscany, Italy – Enjoying the landscape, cuisine, and culture at a relaxed pace.
• Stay in a Ryokan, Japan – Experiencing traditional Japanese hospitality and culture in a serene setting.

Slum tourism involves visiting impoverished urban areas to see firsthand the life of residents in these communities. While it can raise awareness about poverty and social issues, it also raises ethical concerns about exploitation and voyeurism. 

Responsible slum tourism should focus on respectful engagement and supporting local communities.

Examples of slum tourism :

• Dharavi, Mumbai, India – Guided tours that aim to break stereotypes and highlight the industriousness of the community.
• Township tours in South Africa – Visits to townships with a focus on cultural exchange and understanding the local history and social challenges.
• Favela tours in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil – Offering insights into the vibrant culture and community resilience in favelas.

Snow and ice tourism is all about travel experiences in cold and snowy environments. This type of tourism is popular for winter sports enthusiasts and those who enjoy the beauty of snowy landscapes. 

Activities include skiing, snowboarding, ice skating, and visiting ice hotels or festivals.

Examples of snow and ice tourism :

• Skiing in Aspen, Colorado, USA – Offering world-class ski resorts and winter sports facilities.
• Ice Hotel Stay in Jukkasjärvi, Sweden – Experiencing unique accommodation entirely made of ice and snow.
• Harbin Ice Festival, China – Visiting one of the world’s largest ice and snow sculpture festivals.

Space tourism represents the cutting-edge of travel, offering civilians the opportunity to experience space. This emerging type of tourism includes suborbital flights that provide a few minutes of weightlessness and an incredible view of Earth from space. 

It’s a frontier for wealthy adventurers and science enthusiasts.

Examples of space tourism :

• Virgin Galactic – Offering suborbital spaceflights for tourists.
• SpaceX – Developing orbital space tourism missions.
• International Space Station – Proposed private visits facilitated by companies like Axiom Space.

Sports tourism involves traveling to participate in or observe sporting events. This includes international competitions like the Olympics, marathons, football matches, or golf tournaments. 

Sports tourism appeals to fans and athletes alike, offering them a chance to experience the excitement and camaraderie of sports in different locales.

Examples of sports tourism :

• FIFA World Cup, Various Locations – Attending one of the most prestigious and widely-viewed sports events in the world.
• Boston Marathon, USA – Participating or spectating in one of the oldest annual marathons.
• The Masters Golf Tournament, Augusta, USA – Observing one of the four major championships in professional golf.

Sustainable tourism focuses on traveling in a way that minimizes environmental impact and promotes conservation while benefiting local communities. 

It involves responsible travel practices, supporting eco-friendly accommodations, and participating in activities that respect local culture and the environment.

Examples of sustainable tourism :

• Eco-lodges in Costa Rica – Staying in accommodations dedicated to conservation and sustainability.
• Community-based Eco Tours in Kenya – Participating in wildlife safaris that support conservation efforts and community development.
• Responsible Trekking in Nepal – Following eco-friendly practices and supporting local Sherpa communities.

Virtual tourism offers the experience of visiting a place through digital means, such as virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), or online tours. It’s a way to explore destinations from home, making travel accessible to those unable to travel physically. 

Virtual tours can cover historic sites, museums, natural wonders, and more.

• Virtual Reality Tours of the Louvre, France – Exploring the world-famous museum from the comfort of home.
• Online Guided Tours of the Great Wall of China – Experiencing one of the world’s most iconic landmarks digitally.
• Augmented Reality Experiences of Rome’s Ancient Sites – Using AR technology to see historical ruins in their original glory.

Voluntourism combines travel with volunteering for a cause, typically involving work towards environmental conservation, education, or community development. 

While it allows travelers to contribute to positive change, it’s important to choose programs that genuinely benefit the local community and environment.

Examples of voluntourism :

• Teaching English in Rural Schools, Nepal – Assisting in educational institutions in underprivileged areas.
• Marine Conservation in the Great Barrier Reef, Australia – Participating in coral reef restoration and research projects.
• Community Building Projects – Helping construct basic infrastructure like schools and healthcare facilities.

War tourism involves visiting sites significant to wartime history, such as battlefields, war memorials, and museums. 

It’s a form of tourism that seeks to understand the history of conflicts and honor the memories of those who fought in them.

Examples of war tourism :

• Vietnam War Sites, Vietnam – Exploring locations like the Cu Chi Tunnels and War Remnants Museum.
• Normandy Beaches, France – Visiting WWII D-Day landing sites and memorials.
• Somme Battlefields, France – Touring sites and cemeteries from one of the largest battles of the First World War.

Wellness tourism is centered around health and well-being, offering activities and experiences that promote physical, mental, and spiritual health. This type of tourism often includes spa retreats, yoga and meditation workshops, fitness programs, and holistic wellness therapies.

Examples of wellness tourism :

• Yoga Retreats in Rishikesh, India – Engaging in yoga and meditation in the birthplace of yoga.
• Thermal Spas in Iceland – Relaxing in natural hot springs surrounded by unique landscapes.
• Wellness Resorts in Bali, Indonesia – Participating in holistic wellness programs in a serene, tropical setting.

Wildlife tourism involves traveling to observe and interact with animals in their natural habitats. It’s a way for tourists to experience wildlife up close while promoting conservation and awareness of biodiversity. 

Activities can include safaris, wildlife sanctuaries, and bird watching.

Examples of wildlife tourism :

• African Safaris, Kenya or Tanzania – Experiencing the diverse wildlife of the African savannah, including the “Big Five.”
• Gorilla Trekking in Rwanda and Uganda – Encountering mountain gorillas in their natural rainforest habitat.
• Penguin Colonies in Antarctica – Observing penguins and other Antarctic wildlife in one of the most remote areas of the world.

Zoological tourism focuses on visiting zoos, aquariums, and wildlife parks where visitors can see and learn about various animal species. 

This form of tourism is educational, often highlighting conservation efforts and providing insights into animal behavior and habitats.

Examples of zoological tourism :

• San Diego Zoo, USA – Known for its vast variety of species and conservation efforts.
• Singapore Zoo, Singapore – Offering an immersive experience with its open-concept enclosures and diverse wildlife.
• Monterey Bay Aquarium, USA – Renowned for its marine life exhibits and ocean conservation education.

Have we missed any types of tourism that you think should be included on this list? Are there other examples you’d like to share? Send us a message and let us know what else should be included on this list.

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Guide To Different Types Of Tourism And Their Features

Home » Corporate Travel » Guide To Different Types Of Tourism And Their Features

Since the beginning of time, travel has been an indispensable part of human life. In the modern world, the various aspects of travel have been accommodated into an organized word ‘Tourism’. With the ease of booking travel, the industry has grown rapidly over the past few decades. Therefore, it becomes important to segregate the industry into various types for convenience of defining the purpose of each kind of travel. Let us explore some of the main types of tourism and how they differ from each other.

Different types of tourism

1. leisure tourism.

Evident from the names, leisure tourism entails the activities and locations that will help one unwind, relax and enjoy the various aspects of their trip. Typically, leisure tourism includes an escape into the natural landscape, exploring manmade architectures while staying at a comfortable and hospitable accommodation. The tourists on leisure travel will book a stay in the luxury resort or can take shelter in offbeat homestays. It is generally an amalgamation of numerous things to do such as trying local cuisine, going shopping in the regional market, and participating in recreational activities.

• Focuses on relaxation and enjoyment
• Involves sightseeing, shopping, and cultural experiences
• Often centered around beach vacations, city breaks, and entertainment
• Offers a break from routine and an opportunity to recharge

2. Business Tourism (MICE)

Business tourism or MICE tourism (Meetings, incentives, conferences and exhibitions) explores the realm of trips taken by the employees of various organizations. As working professionals, individuals are expected to attend meetings, conferences, seminars, exhibitions and other events to expand the reach of the business. Business tourism requires meticulous planning, budget forecasting, and comprehensive reporting by the admins and employees both.

• Serves professionals attending meetings, conferences, and exhibitions
• Provides networking opportunities and knowledge sharing
• Contributes to economic development and industry growth
• Requires specialized facilities and services to cater to business needs

3. Adventure Tourism

Among the most exciting types of tourism, adventure tourism brings in the opportunity to indulge in thrilling activities revolving around natural settings. The exhilaration and physical challenges involved in this kind of tourism makes it rank among the top tourism types. The activities include skydiving, paragliding, base jumping, rafting, dune bashing, and whatnot. The excitement only gets elevated when friends and family are involved during the activities.

• Emphasizes exciting and challenging experiences
• Includes activities like trekking, rock climbing, and bungee jumping
• Appeals to thrill-seekers and those seeking adrenaline rushes
• Provides opportunities for personal growth and pushing boundaries

4. Cultural Tourism

Cultural tourism allows travelers to immerse themselves in the traditions, history, and lifestyle of a destination. The engagement required in cultural tourism is of the highest level. Tourists can visit various museums, historical sites, art galleries, traditional markets and much more. Additionally, the opportunity to meet the local community and participate in various events increases the fun all the more.

• Centers around exploration of a region’s history, traditions, and arts
• Involves visiting museums, historic sites, and attending cultural events
• Encourages interactions with locals to learn about their way of life
• Enhances cross-cultural understanding and appreciation

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5. Ecotourism

It is the type of tourism that deals with responsible travel to natural areas. Ecotourism promotes conservation of natural resources for the utilization of the future generations and consolidates sustainability. Travelers experience nature firsthand through activities like bird watching, nature walks, and wildlife safaris. The goal is to appreciate and protect the environment while supporting local authorities and communities.

• Focuses on responsible travel to natural areas
• Aims to support conservation efforts and sustainable practices
• Includes wildlife observation, nature walks, and eco-friendly accommodations
• Offers opportunities to connect with nature and learn about ecosystems

6. Culinary Tourism

Culinary tourism is a delightful and immersive way to experience the heart of any destination – its food. It focuses on inviting travelers to try top authentic food of any specific country or region. Travelers savor the flavors, aroma, and traditional cooking techniques of local cuisines. The journey involves visiting numerous restaurants, participating in food events, going to offbeat destinations for original tastes, meeting worldwide chefs and much more. Travelers may also be enticed to cook alongside a teacher and learn new ways of cooking.

• Revolves around exploring local cuisine and food culture
• Includes food tasting, cooking classes, and market visits
• Provides insights into regional flavors, ingredients, and cooking techniques
• Celebrates the role of food in cultural identity

7. Pilgrimage

Religious tourism or pilgrimage is a type of tourism involving spiritual upliftment of the travelers by visiting sacred sites, places of worship, and participating in religious events. It offers travelers a chance to know more about various religions while learning about the different practices of diverse cultures. Many travelers and worshippers believe it to be an opportunity to unite with God and find peace in their lives.

• Focuses on visiting sacred sites, pilgrimage destinations, and religious events
• Provides spiritual experiences and connections to faith traditions
• Involves participating in rituals, ceremonies, and cultural practices
• Encourages reflection and personal growth

8. Wellness Tourism

To calibrate well-being, individuals can head to wellness tourism. Rooting from the seeds of self-care, well tourism provides the various leaves and branches for a holistic development and rejuvenation. Common activities may include spa escapes, yoga practices, sampling nourishing and healthy food, massages, etc. Hiking and trekking can also be part of the wellness plan. Tourists can visit various wellness centers for the betterment of body and mind.

• Centers on promoting physical and mental well-being
• Involves spa treatments, yoga retreats, and meditation practices
• Offers relaxation, stress relief, and rejuvenation
• Emphasizes self-care and a healthy lifestyle

9. Rural Tourism

Rural tourism presents a serene escape to the idyllic countryside. It’s a journey that invites individuals to step away from the bustling urban landscape and embrace the simplicity and authenticity of rural living. Encompassing an array of enriching experiences, rural tourism offers the chance to participate in hands-on activities such as farming, tending to animals, and partaking in time-honored rural traditions.

• Offers a retreat to rural areas and countryside
• Involves farm stays, agricultural activities, and rural experiences
• Provides a chance to reconnect with nature and experience traditional lifestyles
• Supports local communities and sustainable agriculture

Tourism is a vast industry expanding with every day of the year. Though there are numerous types of tourism, embarking on the journey with a purpose remains constant. Hope the blog was able to provide you with the basics of various types of tourism and how the industry spreads out in several other branches.

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Types Of Tourism FAQs

What are the key features of leisure tourism.

Leisure tourism emphasizes relaxation and enjoyment, involves sightseeing, cultural experiences, and is often centered around beach vacations, city breaks, and entertainment. It offers a break from daily routines and a chance to recharge.

What are the distinctive features of business tourism (MICE)?

Business tourism provides networking opportunities, contributes to economic development, and requires meticulous planning, budgeting, and reporting.

What is ecotourism, and what is its primary focus?

Ecotourism is a type of tourism that promotes responsible travel to natural areas. Its primary focus is on conservation of natural resources, sustainability, and experiencing nature firsthand through activities like wildlife observation, nature walks, and eco-friendly accommodations.

Pratyush is a traveling enthusiast who always looks for innovations in business travel management. He has 5 years of experience writing content on corporate travel management and working closely with expert business travel facilitators.

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Beyond Domestic & International: Guide To Every Tourism Type

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There's a revival of traveling happening and with it, different types of tourism that go beyond the traditional 'domestic' and 'international.' Going into 2022, there will likely be even more travel trends that go beyond the nearly 20 types of tourism that exist today. From dark tourism to nature tourism, there's something for everyone with a trip tailored to each traveler's needs.

So, how can one be sure of which type of tourism is best-suited for them? By knowing the difference between the tourism types, of course! While some are branches of main tourism types, it's good to know which types of major tourism exist so that a traveler's next trip can be as rewarding and memorable as possible.

Going Beyond Domestic And International Borders

Gone are the days when tourism came down to two main types: domestic and international. At one point, a traveler was either remaining within their country and engaging in domestic tourism to learn more about their own backyard. If a traveler was visiting another country, the trip automatically fell into the category of international tourism, requiring a passport and, occasionally, a visa.

However, there are many breakdowns that fall within the two, as well. To clarify, a tourism type is different from a  vacation  type. For example, a type of vacation can include any of the following:

• A backpacking trip
• A resort vacation
• An all-inclusive vacation
• A pilgrimage
• A multi-day hike or trek
• A road trip

When it comes to the types of  tourism  that exist , these refer more to the theme of the trip. The type of tourism one partakes in is indicative of their interests or the goals they wish to achieve while traveling or once they arrive at their destination. Thus, it's entirely separate from the means by which (i.e. a cruise or road trip) or type of trip (i.e. backpacking or all-inclusive).

The types of tourism that exist to date are:

• Wildlife tourism
• Wellness Tourism
• Pilgrimage and spiritual tourism
• Cultural tourism
• Dark tourism

Culinary Tourism

• Celebrity tourism or Film Tourism
• Educational tourism
• Cruise tourism
• Rural tourism
• Space Tourism
• Outbound Tourism
• Business tourism
• Adventure tourism
• Medical tourism
• Atomic Tourism
• Beach Tourism
• Bicycle Tours
• Eco-Tourism
• Geo-Tourism
• Sports Tourism
• Industrial Tourism
• Sustainable Tourism

The two additional types of tourism are international and domestic, as mentioned before.

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What Do These Tourism Types Mean?

Those interested in discovering different types of tourism should first know what each type is. For example, 'medical' tourism sounds a bit strange, and might not be what many think it is. Just like 'rural' tourism doesn't necessarily mean that a traveler will be destined to temporarily live in the woods with minimal amenities. While it would be easy enough to dive into every single type of tourism, one should at least know about the most popular options.

Eco-, Sustainable-, or Wildlife-Tourism

As the names imply, this type of tourism relates to nature and wildlife. Eco-tourism often relates to the exploration of ecosystems or natural landscapes, whether it be via a guided tour or self-exploratory hike, or trek. Wildlife tourism is very similar but maintains a focus on the animal species in the area. Sustainable tourism involves nature in a different way and maintains an emphasis on sustainable travel by the least disruptive means possible. This also means giving back to local communities and ensuring that travel to that destination is sustained for years to come, usually be partaking in activities that help the local economy.

Dark Tourism & Atomic Tourism

These two, while similar, are quite different. Dark tourism includes a broad spectrum of destinations that could be considered somewhat unsafe, untraveled, or generally off the beaten path due to its dark or tragic history. Atomic tourism is technically a subset of dark tourism and includes any site that relates to nuclear or atomic activity, including museums on the subject.

Wellness, Medical, Spiritual, And Pilgrimage Tourism

Those who travel to expand the mind or for mental health will likely be drawn to these trips. Whether it's a spiritual yoga retreat or a pilgrimage hike in a sacred place, there are plenty of tourism options that take one away from the hustle and bustle of a city. Medical tourism is somewhat of a subset of wellness tourism, which involves the traveler going to a new destination for some kind of treatment.

Rural And Cultural Tourism

Rural tourism may include traveling to remote places but that's not always the case. Sometimes, it could include something such as a farm stay or even a hostel in the countryside. Cultural tourism has an emphasis on the culture of a place, such as an interest in the local people or their way of life - this can also include historical tourism vacations.

One type of tourism that's getting plenty of attention is culinary tourism. This type of tourism, as is obviously implied by its name, relates to travel for the sake of flavor. This can include any type of food tour trip or simply a vacation planned around the culinary cuisine and history of a place.

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Exploring the World of Tourism: A Comprehensive Guide to 49 Types of Tourism

Have you ever thought about how many types of tourism there are in the world? From adventure tourism to medical tourism, the tourism industry offers a wide range of experiences for travelers.

Tourism is a rapidly growing industry, contributing greatly to the global economy . With the rise of globalization and advancements in technology, traveling has become more accessible and affordable for people all around the world.

As a result, the tourism industry has diversified and expanded to cater to the different interests and preferences of travelers.

If you are a travel enthusiast, you might be surprised to know that there are over 40 different types of tourism to choose from. Each type of tourism offers a unique experience, ranging from cultural immersion to extreme sports.

In this article, we will explore the different types of tourism in the world, giving you a glimpse into the vast array of options available to you.

Tourism is a social, cultural and economic phenomenon which entails the movement of people to countries or places outside their usual environment for personal or business/professional purposes.

49 Types of Tourism in the World

The tourism sector is constantly evolving, expanding beyond the basics of domestic, inbound, and outbound tourism.

As travel agencies, it is crucial to stay informed about the diverse range of tourism types to develop effective strategies and fuel the growth of your business. This comprehensive guide presents 62 types of tourism, offering valuable insights and opportunities for your agency to thrive in the dynamic world of travel.

Traditional Forms of Tourism

Leisure tourism.

Leisure tourism encompasses a range of activities that provide relaxation, entertainment, and cultural enrichment to travelers. Let’s explore some popular forms of leisure tourism in more detail:

1. Beach Tourism

Beach tourism revolves around vacations and holidays spent in coastal areas, offering sun, sand, and various recreational activities such as swimming, sunbathing, beach volleyball, and water sports like snorkeling, surfing, and jet skiing.

Beach destinations around the world, such as Bali, Maldives, and the Caribbean, attract millions of tourists seeking relaxation and enjoyment in idyllic seaside settings.

2. Adventure Tourism

Adventure tourism caters to thrill-seeking individuals who seek exciting and adrenaline-pumping experiences. It includes activities like hiking, rock climbing, zip-lining, white-water rafting, paragliding, and bungee jumping in natural and adventurous settings.

Destinations like New Zealand, Costa Rica, and Switzerland offer breathtaking landscapes and thrilling adventure opportunities that attract adventure enthusiasts from across the globe.

3. Cultural Tourism

Cultural tourism focuses on exploring the rich heritage, traditions, and artistic expressions of a destination.

It involves visits to museums, historical sites, cultural festivals, and interactions with local communities to gain insight into their customs, rituals, and way of life. Destinations renowned for their cultural attractions include Rome with its ancient ruins, Kyoto with its traditional temples, and Istanbul with its diverse blend of cultures.

4. Wildlife Tourism

Wildlife tourism centers on observing and experiencing a particular region’s diverse fauna and flora.

It includes activities such as safaris, birdwatching, nature walks, and visits to national parks and wildlife reserves. Destinations like South Africa’s Kruger National Park, the Galapagos Islands in Ecuador, and the Serengeti in Tanzania offer incredible wildlife encounters and opportunities for conservation education.

Business Tourism

Business tourism, also known as MICE tourism (Meetings, Incentives, Conferences, and Exhibitions), caters to individuals traveling for business-related purposes.

Let’s explore some key components of business tourism:

5. Meetings, Incentives, Conferences, and Exhibitions (MICE) Tourism

MICE tourism encompasses corporate meetings, conferences, conventions, trade shows, and exhibitions. It provides a platform for professionals to network, exchange knowledge, showcase products and services, and forge business relationships.

Major cities and convention centers worldwide, such as London, Dubai, and Las Vegas, host numerous MICE events, driving economic growth and fostering industry collaboration.

6. Trade Shows and Conventions

Trade shows and conventions are industry-specific events where businesses exhibit their products or services to potential clients, partners, and investors. These events serve as valuable marketing platforms, allowing companies to showcase their latest innovations, generate leads, and gain industry insights.

Trade shows like CES (Consumer Electronics Show) and Hannover Messe attract businesses from diverse sectors, facilitating business-to-business interactions and promoting industry growth.

7. Corporate Retreats and Team-Building Activities

Corporate retreats and team-building activities aim to foster teamwork, boost employee morale, and enhance organizational productivity. These events often take place in scenic locations, away from the usual office environment, and incorporate team-building exercises, workshops, brainstorming sessions, and recreational activities.

Corporate retreats not only strengthen internal relationships but also provide opportunities for strategic planning, innovation, and professional development.

Niche and Special Interest Tourism

Ecotourism promotes responsible travel practices that focus on preserving and conserving natural environments while providing educational and enriching experiences for travelers.

Let’s delve into some facets of ecotourism:

8. Rainforest Exploration

Rainforest exploration allows travelers to immerse themselves in the lush biodiversity and unique ecosystems of tropical rainforests. Guided hikes, canopy walks, and wildlife spotting tours provide opportunities to witness rare flora and fauna, learn about sustainable conservation efforts, and contribute to local communities.

Destinations like the Amazon Rainforest in South America, Borneo’s rainforests in Southeast Asia, and Costa Rica’s Monteverde Cloud Forest offer captivating rainforest experiences.

9. Wildlife Conservation Tours

Wildlife conservation tours allow travelers to actively participate in conservation initiatives, contributing to the protection of endangered species and their habitats. These tours often involve volunteer work, such as monitoring wildlife, assisting in research projects, and habitat restoration efforts.

Popular wildlife conservation destinations include the Galapagos Islands, where visitors can help preserve unique marine and terrestrial ecosystems, and South Africa’s game reserves, where wildlife conservation programs support endangered species.

10. Sustainable Travel Practices

Sustainable travel practices promote environmentally friendly behaviors, aiming to minimize negative impacts on natural resources, local communities, and cultures. These practices may include reducing carbon footprint, supporting local businesses, respecting local traditions, and engaging in activities that promote environmental stewardship.

Travelers can choose eco-lodges, and eco-friendly transportation options, and participate in community-based tourism initiatives to ensure their travel has a positive impact on the destination.

Wellness Tourism

Wellness tourism focuses on enhancing and rejuvenating one’s well-being through various activities and experiences that prioritize physical, mental, and spiritual health.

Let’s explore some aspects of wellness tourism:

11. Spa Retreats

Spa retreats offer a serene environment where travelers can indulge in relaxation, pampering treatments, and wellness therapies. From soothing massages and rejuvenating facials to holistic healing practices like yoga and meditation, spa retreats provide a sanctuary for rejuvenation and stress relief.

Destinations such as Bali, Thailand, and California’s Napa Valley are renowned for their luxurious and holistic spa retreats.

12. Yoga and Meditation Retreats

Yoga and meditation retreats provide opportunities for individuals to deepen their mindfulness and spiritual practices in tranquil and picturesque settings. These retreats often combine daily yoga sessions, meditation practices, healthy cuisine, and workshops focused on personal growth and self-awareness.

Destinations like Rishikesh in India, Ubud in Bali, and Sedona in the United States are renowned for their yoga and meditation retreats.

13. Health and Wellness Resorts

Health and wellness resorts offer comprehensive programs designed to improve physical fitness, promote healthy lifestyles, and provide personalized wellness experiences. These resorts may offer fitness classes, nutritional guidance, spa treatments, wellness consultations, and activities like hiking, yoga, and mindfulness workshops.

Wellness-focused destinations such as Switzerland’s renowned Swiss Alps resorts, Thailand’s wellness retreats, and the wellness resorts in Arizona’s Sonoran Desert cater to those seeking a holistic approach to well-being.

Culinary Tourism

Culinary tourism revolves around the exploration and appreciation of a destination’s cuisine, culinary traditions, and gastronomic experiences. Let’s discover the different aspects of culinary tourism:

14. Food and Wine Tours

Food and wine tours allow travelers to savor the local flavors, taste traditional dishes, and indulge in culinary delights unique to a particular region. These tours often include visits to local markets, food tastings, cooking demonstrations, and wine tastings at vineyards.

Destinations like Italy’s Tuscany, France’s Bordeaux region, and Japan’s Kyoto are renowned for their culinary heritage and offer exceptional food and wine tours.

15. Cooking Classes and Culinary Experiences

Cooking classes and culinary experiences provide hands-on opportunities for travelers to learn about the local cuisine, traditional cooking techniques, and regional specialties. Under the guidance of expert chefs or local home cooks, participants can prepare and savor authentic dishes, gaining insights into the culinary culture of the destination.

Cities like Bangkok, Marrakech, and Barcelona are known for their immersive cooking classes and culinary workshops.

16. Farm-to-Table and Gastronomic Experiences

Farm-to-table experiences involve visits to local farms, orchards, and vineyards to witness the production process of fresh, organic ingredients. Gastronomic experiences encompass fine dining at renowned restaurants, tasting menus curated by celebrity chefs, and exploring local street food scenes.

Destinations like California’s Napa Valley, France’s Lyon, and Thailand’s Chiang Mai provide exceptional farm-to-table and gastronomic experiences.

Adventure and Outdoor Tourism

Mountain tourism.

Mountain tourism attracts adventurous travelers seeking exhilarating experiences in breathtaking alpine landscapes. Here are some popular activities within mountain tourism:

17. Hiking and Trekking

Hiking and trekking adventures take travelers through scenic mountain trails, allowing them to explore the pristine wilderness, enjoy stunning vistas, and challenge themselves physically.

Destinations like the Himalayas in Nepal, the Swiss Alps, and the Rocky Mountains in North America offer a range of hiking and trekking opportunities suitable for different skill levels.

18. Mountaineering and Rock Climbing

Mountaineering and rock climbing appeal to those with a passion for conquering towering peaks and vertical rock formations.

From scaling iconic summits like Mount Everest and Mount Kilimanjaro to rock climbing in Yosemite National Park or the Dolomites, these activities offer a thrilling combination of physical endurance, technical skill, and awe-inspiring natural surroundings.

19. Skiing and Snowboarding

Skiing and snowboarding attract winter sports enthusiasts who enjoy gliding down snow-covered slopes and experiencing the adrenaline rush of downhill descents.

Popular ski destinations include Aspen in the United States, Whistler Blackcomb in Canada, and the Swiss Alps, where skiers and snowboarders can enjoy diverse terrains, world-class facilities, and picturesque mountain landscapes.

Water Tourism

Water tourism encompasses a wide range of activities centered around bodies of water, including oceans, lakes, rivers, and coastal areas. Let’s explore some popular water-based tourism experiences:

20. Scuba Diving and Snorkeling

Scuba diving and snorkeling allow travelers to explore vibrant underwater ecosystems, encounter marine life, and marvel at coral reefs.

Destinations like the Great Barrier Reef in Australia, the Maldives, and the Red Sea in Egypt are renowned for their exceptional diving and snorkeling sites, offering opportunities to witness the beauty and biodiversity of the marine world.

21. Surfing and Water Sports

Surfing and water sports, such as paddleboarding, kayaking, and windsurfing, cater to adrenaline seekers looking to ride the waves and engage with the power of the ocean. Destinations like Hawaii’s North Shore, Bali’s Uluwatu, and California’s Huntington Beach are renowned for their world-class surf breaks and water sports scenes.

22. Sailing and Yachting

Sailing and yachting experiences provide a luxurious and leisurely way to explore coastal regions, island hopping, and cruise along scenic coastlines. Chartering a yacht or joining a sailing excursion offers the opportunity to relax, soak in breathtaking seascapes, and visit remote islands and hidden coves.

Destinations like the Greek Islands, the Caribbean, and the French Riviera are popular sailing and yachting destinations.

Wildlife Tourism

Wildlife tourism appeals to nature enthusiasts and animal lovers who seek encounters with diverse wildlife species in their natural habitats.

Here are some popular wildlife tourism experiences:

23. Safari and Wildlife Photography

Safari adventures take travelers into national parks and game reserves, providing opportunities to spot iconic wildlife species like lions, elephants, giraffes, and zebras. Wildlife photography enthusiasts can capture stunning images of animals in their natural environment.

Destinations like Botswana’s Okavango Delta, Tanzania’s Serengeti National Park, South Africa’s Kruger National Park, and India’s Ranthambore National Park offer exceptional safari and wildlife photography experiences.

24. Birdwatching and Nature Reserves

Birdwatching enthusiasts flock to nature reserves and sanctuaries known for their rich avian biodiversity. These destinations offer opportunities to observe and identify a wide array of bird species in their natural habitats.

Places like Costa Rica’s Monteverde Cloud Forest Reserve, Australia’s Kakadu National Park, and Ecuador’s Galapagos Islands are renowned for their birdwatching opportunities.

25. Whale Watching and Marine Wildlife Tours

Whale-watching tours provide an up-close and personal experience with these magnificent marine creatures. Travelers can observe whales breaching, swimming, and interacting in their natural habitat.

Destinations such as Iceland, Canada’s Vancouver Island, and the Azores in Portugal are popular for whale watching and marine wildlife tours.

Cultural and Heritage Tourism

Historical tourism.

Historical tourism appeals to individuals interested in exploring the rich heritage and significant historical sites around the world. It provides insights into past civilizations, events, and cultural traditions.

Here are some key aspects of historical tourism:

26. Archaeological Sites and Ruins

Archaeological sites and ruins offer a glimpse into ancient civilizations and their architectural marvels.

Places like the Colosseum in Rome, Machu Picchu in Peru, and Angkor Wat in Cambodia attract history enthusiasts who are fascinated by the remnants of past civilizations and the stories they hold.

27. UNESCO World Heritage Sites

UNESCO World Heritage Sites are culturally or naturally significant locations recognized for their outstanding universal value. These sites range from iconic landmarks like the Taj Mahal in India to entire historical city centers like Prague in the Czech Republic.

Visiting UNESCO World Heritage Sites allows travelers to appreciate the world’s cultural diversity and historical importance.

28. Historical Landmarks and Monuments

Historical landmarks and monuments symbolize key moments in history or commemorate notable figures or events. Examples include the Statue of Liberty in the United States, the Great Wall of China, and the Pyramids of Giza in Egypt.

Exploring these landmarks provides a deeper understanding of their historical significance and their impact on society.

Religious Tourism

Religious tourism caters to individuals seeking spiritual experiences, pilgrimages, or a connection with sacred sites. It offers insights into different religious traditions and the architectural wonders associated with them.

Here are some facets of religious tourism:

29. Pilgrimages and Sacred Sites

Pilgrimages involve journeys to sacred destinations associated with specific religions or spiritual beliefs. Places like Mecca for Muslims, Jerusalem for Christians, and Varanasi for Hindus hold immense religious significance and attract millions of pilgrims each year.

30. Spiritual Retreats and Meditation Centers

Spiritual retreats and meditation centers offer tranquil environments for introspection, relaxation, and spiritual growth. These retreats focus on mindfulness, meditation practices, and holistic healing.

Popular destinations for spiritual retreats include Bali in Indonesia, Sedona in the United States, and Rishikesh in India.

31. Religious Festivals and Events

Religious festivals and events provide a vibrant and immersive experience of cultural traditions and religious celebrations. Examples include the Kumbh Mela in India, the Holi festival of colors, and the Christmas celebrations in various parts of the world.

Participating in these festivals offers a unique glimpse into local customs, rituals, and the spirit of the community.

Indigenous Tourism

Indigenous tourism aims to promote understanding, appreciation, and respect for indigenous cultures, traditions, and ways of life. It provides opportunities to engage with indigenous communities and learn about their heritage.

Here are elements of indigenous tourism:

32. Indigenous Cultural Experiences

Indigenous cultural experiences allow travelers to interact with indigenous communities, learn about their traditions, crafts, music, and storytelling. These experiences foster cultural exchange and promote the preservation of indigenous heritage.

Destinations like the Maori culture in New Zealand, the Aboriginal culture in Australia, and the Native American reservations in the United States offer such immersive experiences.

33. Tribal Village Visits

Visiting tribal villages allows travelers to observe and learn about the traditional lifestyles, customs, and rituals of indigenous communities. It provides insights into their sustainable practices, craftsmanship, and deep-rooted connections with nature.

Destinations such as the Amazon rainforest, the Maasai Mara in Kenya, and the Highlands of Papua New Guinea offer opportunities to visit tribal communities.

34. Traditional Arts and Crafts

Indigenous cultures often have a rich tradition of art, crafts, and handicrafts that reflect their unique identity and skills. Exploring indigenous arts and crafts markets, workshops, and galleries allows travelers to appreciate and support the preservation of these traditional artistic practices.

From intricate weaving in Peru to intricate beadwork in South Africa, there is a vast array of indigenous art to discover.

Urban Tourism

City Tourism

City tourism encompasses visits to vibrant urban destinations, exploring their iconic landmarks, cultural attractions, and modern lifestyle. It offers a blend of history, art, entertainment, and culinary experiences.

Key aspects of city tourism include:

35. Sightseeing and Iconic Landmarks

Cities are known for their iconic landmarks, such as the Eiffel Tower in Paris, the Statue of Liberty in New York City, and the Sydney Opera House. Sightseeing allows visitors to capture the essence of a city’s character and architectural splendor.

36. Museums and Art Galleries

Cities are often home to renowned museums and art galleries that showcase world-class collections, historical artifacts, and contemporary artworks.

The Louvre Museum in Paris, the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City, and the Hermitage Museum in Saint Petersburg are just a few examples of the cultural treasures found in urban areas.

37. Shopping and Entertainment Districts

Urban centers offer diverse shopping experiences, from luxury boutiques to bustling street markets. Additionally, cities provide vibrant entertainment districts with theaters, music venues, and nightlife hotspots.

These districts cater to a variety of interests, ensuring that visitors can indulge in shopping, dining, and entertainment.

Architectural Tourism

Architectural tourism focuses on exploring unique architectural styles, landmarks, and urban design within cities. It allows travelers to appreciate the creativity, innovation, and historical significance of various structures.

Key elements of architectural tourism include:

38. Architectural Marvels and Landmarks

Cities showcase architectural marvels, such as the Burj Khalifa in Dubai, the Sydney Opera House, and the Guggenheim Museum in Bilbao. These structures captivate visitors with their impressive design, engineering, and cultural impact.

39. Modern and Contemporary Architecture Tours

Urban areas often feature striking modern and contemporary architecture that reflects the city’s identity and vision. Walking tours or guided visits to architectural highlights, such as the Shard in London, the Marina Bay Sands in Singapore, or the Dancing House in Prague, offer insights into cutting-edge design and urban development.

40. Urban Design and City Planning

City tourism also encompasses exploring the urban design, layout, and city planning concepts that shape the physical environment. Sustainable urban planning, pedestrian-friendly streets, and green spaces contribute to the livability and attractiveness of cities.

Examples of urban design excellence can be found in cities like Copenhagen, Singapore, and Barcelona.

Emerging Forms of Tour

Dark Tourism

Dark tourism refers to visiting sites that are associated with death, tragedy, or historical atrocities. It offers a unique perspective on the darker aspects of human history. While it may seem unusual, dark tourism has gained popularity in recent years.

Here are some examples of dark tourism:

41. War Memorials and Battlefields

Visiting war memorials and battlefields provides insights into the sacrifices made during significant conflicts. Examples include the Normandy American Cemetery and Memorial in France and the Hiroshima Peace Memorial Park in Japan.

These sites allow visitors to reflect on the consequences of war and honor those who lost their lives.

42. Holocaust and Genocide Sites

Holocaust and genocide sites, such as Auschwitz-Birkenau in Poland and the Killing Fields in Cambodia, serve as reminders of the darkest chapters in human history.

These places educate visitors about the horrors of genocide and the importance of promoting peace and tolerance.

43. Disaster Tourism

Disaster tourism involves visiting locations affected by natural or man-made disasters. Examples include areas hit by hurricanes, volcanic eruptions, or industrial accidents.

While controversial, this form of tourism can raise awareness about the impact of disasters and the resilience of affected communities.

Space Tourism

Space tourism is an emerging frontier in the travel industry, allowing individuals to experience the thrill of space travel and explore the mysteries of the universe. While it is currently limited to a select few, advancements in technology and space exploration are making it more accessible.

Key aspects of space tourism include:

44. Space Travel and Exploration

Space tourism involves journeys beyond the Earth’s atmosphere, offering a unique perspective of our planet and the vastness of space. Companies like Virgin Galactic and SpaceX are developing spacecraft to transport civilians into space, opening up new possibilities for adventurous travelers.

45. Astronaut Training Experiences

Before embarking on a space journey, aspiring space tourists can undergo astronaut training experiences. These programs simulate the physical and mental challenges faced by astronauts, including zero-gravity simulations, centrifuge training, and survival skills.

46. Observatories and Space Centers

Visiting observatories and space centers allows enthusiasts to learn about astronomy, space missions, and ongoing research. Places like the Kennedy Space Center in Florida and the European Space Agency’s Spaceport in French Guiana offer interactive exhibits, rocket launches, and behind-the-scenes glimpses into space exploration.

Virtual Tourism

Virtual tourism has emerged as a response to the limitations of physical travel, allowing individuals to explore destinations and landmarks virtually. It offers a convenient and immersive way to experience different places from the comfort of one’s home. Key aspects of virtual tourism include:

47. Virtual Reality Travel Experiences

Virtual reality (VR) technology allows users to immerse themselves in simulated environments, including famous landmarks, natural wonders, and cultural sites. VR headsets transport users to different locations, providing a realistic and interactive experience.

48. Online Museum and Landmark Tours

Many museums, historical sites, and landmarks offer virtual tours that enable visitors to explore their collections and exhibits online. These tours provide detailed information, multimedia content, and the ability to navigate through the spaces virtually.

49. Virtual Travel Platforms and Apps

Various platforms and apps offer virtual travel experiences, curated itineraries, and interactive content. These platforms leverage technology to create virtual travel communities, where users can connect, share experiences, and plan future trips.

As the travel industry evolves, embracing these emerging forms of tourism can open up new opportunities for businesses and provide unique experiences for travelers.

In conclusion, the tourism industry is a dynamic and ever-evolving sector that encompasses a wide range of experiences and opportunities. By understanding the diverse types of tourism in the world, business professionals can position themselves for success and growth in this competitive landscape.

By recognizing the unique characteristics and preferences of different traveler segments, businesses can tailor their offerings and marketing strategies to meet the specific needs of their target audiences. This not only enhances customer satisfaction but also helps in creating a competitive advantage in the market.

Moreover, as the world becomes increasingly interconnected and travelers seek authentic and immersive experiences, businesses must embrace the diversity of tourism segments. By incorporating sustainable practices, respecting local cultures, and promoting responsible tourism, businesses can contribute to the preservation of natural and cultural heritage, while also appealing to environmentally and socially conscious travelers.

Let us embrace the diversity of tourism, foster innovation, and collaborate to shape the future of this exciting industry.

• United Nations World Tourism Organization
• World Travel and Tourism Council
• International Ecotourism Society
• Global Wellness Institute
• International Culinary Tourism Association
• Adventure Travel Trade Association
• UNESCO World Heritage Centre
• The International Dark-Sky Association
• Space Tourism Society
• World Tourism Organization
• National Geographic Travel
• International Association of Antarctica Tour Operators
• World Food Travel Association
• Beach Holidays by Expedia

Tumisang Bogwasi

2X Award-Winning Entrepreneur | Empowering Brands to Generate Leads, Grow Revenue with Business Strategy and Digital Marketing | Founder, CEO of Fine Group

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The world's 51 best tourist attractions.

Organize your travel calendar to include these must-see places around the world.

(Getty Images) |

Fully experience and appreciate the most memorable spots on your next adventure.

The world's top tourist attractions by the number of visitors have a lot in common: they are typically in urban centers (Union Station, Washington, D.C.), free of charge (Central Park, New York) and have broad cultural appeal (Buckingham Palace, London.) In contrast, this selection of top attractions honors local heritage and cultural landmarks at major destinations that have captured the world's imagination and inspired travelers to circle the globe for architectural marvels and must-see destinations.

Great Pyramid of Giza: Giza, Egypt

The last of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World standing, the Pyramids of Giza draw thousands of visitors every year. At the site of Cairo 's most popular attraction, travelers will find three primary pyramids, including the Great Pyramid of Cheops, which rises 479 feet from a 754-foot square base. Scientists still don't understand how the ancient Egyptians were able to move, carve and erect more than 2 million stone blocks, each weighing from 2 to 60 tons. Located on the Giza Plateau, you can tour the trio of royal tombs and see the Sphinx. The passages within the pyramids are tight, but you'll be able to see the masonry work with your own eyes. While the Solar Barque Museum on the back side of Khufu's pyramid features a boat that was built for the Pharaoh and was excavated in 1985. Get there early to purchase entry tickets or book a tour . For a hotel with pyramid views, consider the Marriott Hotel Mena House , with three restaurants, outdoor pool and full-service spa.

[See more of Cairo: Things to Do | Hotels | When to Visit | Photos ]

Eiffel Tower: Paris, France

The Eiffel Tower can be appreciated at a distance by all Paris visitors, but for a unique experience consider booking a tour . Completed for the 1889 Exposition Universelle after two years of construction, it has 1,665 steps to the top and elevators to two observation levels. Computer programmed beacons, which can be seen from up to 50 miles away, complement the tower's 20,000 lightbulbs as part of a thrilling, hourly night show. To enjoy Paris with a view, visit the Champagne Bar at The Top for an unforgettable glass of bubbly, or have a chef-prepared meal at Madame Brasserie. Paris is home to some of the world's best hotels , but for a room with an Eiffel Tower view, consider the traveler-approved Shangri-La Hotel, Paris .

[See more of Paris: Things to Do | Tours | Hotels | When to Visit | Photos ]

Hollywood Sign: Los Angeles, California

The Hollywood sign, which debuted as Hollywoodland in 1923 to advertise a real estate development, was rebuilt in 1978 to mark the iconic industry that makes Los Angeles a company town, even today. For the best selfies, park along North Beachwood Drive off Franklin Avenue and look up Beachwood Canyon, or get nostalgic at Griffith Park Observatory. Hiking to the iconic sign is a popular activity, with three trail options: Mount Hollywood, Cahuenga Peak and Brush Canyon. Or, you may want to book a tour for a guided experience. To enjoy views of the sign without leaving your hotel, consider Loews Hollywood with an iconic location steps from The Hollywood Walk of Fame and the TCL Chinese Theater .

[See more of Los Angeles: Things to Do | Tours |  Hotels | When to Visit | Photos  ]

Berlin Wall Memorial's East Side Gallery: Berlin, Germany

Graffitied segments of the Berlin Wall that separated the former socialist country of East Germany from democratic West Berlin are enshrined around the world. In Berlin , however, one of the few monuments to the Cold War is the Berlin Wall Memorial , featuring a gallery of 101 panels totaling around 4,300 feet. They were painted by artists in 1990 to commemorate the Wall's fall and preserve a segment from destruction by urban development. To learn more about the history, impact and significance of the Berlin Wall, consider a tour . Stop by the Chapel of Reconciliation (Kapelle der Versohnung) where services in German are held every Tuesday to Friday at noon to remember those who lost their lives trying to cross to the west, and visit the museum across from the memorial site to learn more about life in the area prior to 1989. The traveler-favorite Hotel Adlon Kempinsky has views of Brandenburg Gate, a Michelin-starred restaurant, spa and central location for exploring the city.

[See more of Berlin: Things to Do | Hotels | When to Visit | Photos ]

La Sagrada Familia: Barcelona, Spain

La Sagrada Familia is one of the world's most famous cathedrals and its undulating lines, abstract stained glass and dripping stone towers are the work of visionary architect Antoni Gaudí, whose ornate private commissions and playful Parc Güell are also top attractions in Barcelona . Construction of La Sagrada Familia , began in the late 1870s and was supervised by Gaudí for 43 years until his death in 1926 (he is buried in the crypt). The cathedral was expected to be completed in 2026 but has been delayed due to the pandemic. This popular UNESCO-listed site can be very busy; consider booking a tour to skip the lines. While visiting, explore the Catalonian capital city's vibrant culture and museums, and plan a stay at the top-rated Cotton House Hotel or the Mandarin Oriental .

[See more of Barcelona: Things to Do | Tours | Hotels | When to Visit | Photos ]

Grand Palace: Bangkok, Thailand

Formerly a palace for Kings Rama I through Rama V, and home to Wat Phra Kaeo, the Temple of the Emerald Buddha, today's ceremonial royal complex is a top attraction in Bangkok . Allow at least half a day to admire the ornate carvings, gilded teak woodwork, tiles and classic architecture of the palace's three courtyards, and see the temple interior. Visitors to the Grand Palace must dress appropriately with both shoulders and knees covered, and are asked to wear black or white out of respect for the late King Rama IX, who died in 2016. For a personalized experience, book a customized tour of the palace and Bangkok's must-sees, including the Temple of the Reclining Buddha across the street. The Siam , a traveler-endorsed hotel, has two restaurants, a marina and a full-service spa.

[See more of Bangkok: Things to Do | Hotels | When to Visit | Photos ]

Mount Fuji: Shizuoka, Japan

Often capped with snow, Mount Fuji's gently sloping volcano is Japan's definition of perfection. Revered by locals, the 12,388-foot summit is open to hikers in certain seasons. Most visitors opt for a sighting, either from Tokyo's sky-high observation decks or a passing bullet train heading to Osaka. For a closer view, visit the Fuji Five Lakes region for its hot springs or to begin your hike of Mount Fuji. Views from here are best in the early morning or late afternoon, between November and May. Meanwhile, skiers may want to visit during the winter months. For one-of-a-kind views, go to Oshino Hakkai, which is a series of eight ponds fed by the mountain's underground reservoir amid wooden bridges and rambling walkways in the Mount Fuji World Heritage Site.

Tower of London: London, England

The nearly 1,000-year-old Tower of London fortress has served as a royal palace, prison, armory, execution chamber and treasury, safeguarding the 24,000 gems that make up the famous Crown Jewels, still worn by the Queen on special occasions. Tours of this London attraction are led by the colorfully costumed Beefeaters who thrill kids. Buy tickets online or book a tour in advance to avoid long waits; save with a three-palace Royal Pass if you're into nobility.

[See more of London: Things to Do | Tours | Hotels | When to Visit | Photos ]

The Strip: Las Vegas, Nevada

South Las Vegas Boulevard, or The Strip , is the city's main road and home to numerous casinos and clubs, welcoming 32 million visitors in 2021. Since Las Vegas traffic can be bad and the monorail is not particularly scenic, put on comfortable shoes to stroll from the free dancing water show at the Bellagio Fountains to the 550-foot-tall High Roller Ferris wheel for a closer look at some of the city's most famous sights. For the full Las Vegas experience book a big bus night tour or a helicopter tour and spend the night with a view of The Strip at The Cosmopolitan or The Wynn .

[See more of Las Vegas: Things to Do | Tours | Hotels | When to Visit | Photos ]

Neuschwanstein Castle: Bavaria, Germany

The hilltop Schloss Neuschwanstein was home to young King Ludwig II of Bavaria. King Ludwig II ascended to the throne full of dreams of his kingdom only to lose his power to the Prussians and retreat to his fantasy palaces; he became so isolated from society he was declared insane in 1886. The lavish, white fairytale palace welcomes more than 1.4 million curious visitors annually and is said to be Walt Disney's inspiration for the Sleeping Beauty Castle at Disneyland. This top-rated tourist attraction can be very busy, so save some time and book a daytrip from Munich . While in Bavaria, you can stay at The Charles Hotel − a traveler favorite – as well as visit one of the city's famous biergartens, the English Garden and BMW Welt , or go on daytrips to the Alps, Dachau Concentration Camp and Salzburg.

[See more of Munich: Things to Do | Hotels | When to Visit | Photos ]

Ubud: Bali, Indonesia

Topping many bucket lists, the Indonesian island of Bali is a Hindu enclave that has welcomed Westerners for more than a century, hosting New Age and traditional cultures alongside a beachfront party scene. Already the epicenter of yoga, Pan Asian foodie cuisine and elaborate family ceremonies, Ubud (a hilltop inland village surrounded by Instagram-worthy rice fields) was made even more popular by the book and film "Eat, Pray, Love." Here you can take a guided tour through the Monkey Forest, visit the Water Temple and swing on a jungle swing. Book a stay at the top-rated Capella Ubud for its two restaurants, spa, outdoor pool and setting among the tropical foliage.

[See more of Bali: Things to Do | Hotels | When to Visit | Photos ]

Burj Khalifa: Dubai, United Arab Emirates

While all United Arab Emirates countries boast architectural superlatives, the tallest of the futuristic towers – and the tallest building in the world – is Burj Khalifa , whose 160 stories are housed within a slender, silver and glass, 2,716.5-foot-tall frame. Even though you can see it from anywhere in Dubai , to experience the 148th-floor Observation Deck without lines, and feel the breeze whooshing past the partial glass barriers, is a bucket list adventure many think warrants the sky-high admission fee. You can also see the iconic building from the water on a jet ski tour , from the air on a helicopter tour or from within by booking a stay at the Armani Hotel Dubai .

[See more of Dubai: Things to Do | Hotels | When to Visit | Photos ]

Statue of Liberty: New York, New York

Officially known as "The Statue of Liberty Enlightening the World," the copper Lady Liberty was gifted by France as a symbol of friendship and dedicated in 1886. Conserved by the National Park Service, it can be easily seen from the free Staten Island Ferry. Travelers should note that to tour the museum at its base or climb the 377-step spiral staircase into the crown, you must book ahead with Statue Cruises or select from a variety of guided tour options . If you want to wake up to views of Lady Liberty, spend the night in New York City at The Wagner at The Battery , a traveler favorite with exceptional views near Wall Street.

[See more of New York City: Things to Do | Tours | Hotels | When to Visit | Photos ]

The crown of the Statue of Liberty was closed at the time of publication, check the website for updates.

Oriental Pearl TV Tower: Shanghai, China

Opened in 1994, Shanghai 's favorite vintage tower design – 11 red and gold spheres pierced by a silver column supporting a glass elevator – was inspired by a Chinese poem describing "large and small pearls dropping on a plate of jade." Located in Pudong, the top sphere of the Oriental Pearl TV Tower holds the tallest observation deck with a glass overlook; other spheres have views over the Huangpu River toward the classic Bund, a revolving restaurant and the interesting Shanghai Municipal History Museum at its base. The highly rated Grand Kempinski Hotel Shanghai has four restaurants, an indoor pool and a full-service spa and is located less than a half-mile away.

[See more of Shanghai: Things to Do | Hotels | When to Visit | Photos ]

Colosseum: Rome, Italy

Now the remains of an enormous, carved marble ellipse, the Colosseum was commissioned in A.D. 72 by Emperor Vespasian as an amphitheater to entertain the masses. The structure features four levels pierced by 80 arched entrances, which allowed 55,000 spectators to quickly take seats to watch all-day games between wild animals, slaves and criminals. The local guides in gladiator costumes hanging around today will tell you how the ground was once soaked in blood and that Christians, indeed, were thrown to lions here. You can take in the view of this iconic landmark from many of the rooms and the restaurant at the Palazzo Manfredi , a traveler favorite thanks to its location in the heart of ancient Rome .

[See more of Rome: Things to Do | Tours | Hotels | When to Visit | Photos ]

The Matterhorn: Zermatt, Switzerland

The jagged, 14,692-foot Matterhorn peak resembles a flint ax head above the posh resort area of Zermatt. The Matterhorn is higher than most of the peaks in the Alps near the Italian border and its fine snow conditions and grooming attract skiers and snowboarders in winter, and sightseers year-round who want to ride the funicular. On a visit here, you can experience the charm of the car-free Alpine village at one of the best hotels in Zermatt , go on a horse-drawn carriage ride, eat fondue and explore the shops.

Blue Mosque: Istanbul, Turkey

Although Istanbul's Grand Bazaar attracts millions of visitors, the city's most authentic must-see is Sultanahmet Camii , the Blue Mosque built for Sultan Ahmet I in the 17th century. In addition to the stunning blue-glazed tiles that decorate the dome and walls, look for layers of prayer rugs from the Muslim world and Sultan Ahmet's tomb. Dress modestly (long slacks for men, head coverings for women), remove shoes and respect the prayer times when it closes briefly for non-Muslims. While in Istanbul , combine a tour of this famous mosque with a visit to the Hagia Sophia Museum and Topkapi Palace . Of the best hotels in Istanbul , the Four Seasons Hotel Istanbul at Sultanahmet is highly regarded for its location close to top attractions and its rooftop lounge, spacious rooms and spa.

[See more of Istanbul: Things to Do | Hotels | When to Visit ]

Victoria Harbour: Hong Kong

Hong Kong may be most famous for the busy waterway separating the island's glittering skyscrapers from the commercial mainland at Kowloon. The most spectacular views of the city are from the water, whether seen on a cheap Star Ferry connecting Wan Chai to Tsim Sha Tsui, a traditional Chinese junk, on a guided cruise or during the world's largest light and sound show, at 8 p.m. nightly, when skyscrapers erupt into seasonally themed lighting effects synchronized to music. For a room with stellar harbor views, check in to The Ritz-Carlton Hong Kong , which boasts four restaurants, a nightclub, an indoor pool and a full-service spa.

[See more of Hong Kong: Things to Do | Hotels | When to Visit | Photos ]

Due to health ordinances, tours were suspended at the time of publication, check the website for updates.

Library of Celsus: Ephesus, Turkey

The Library of Celsus commemorating the Roman governor Julius Celsus Polemaeanus was commissioned by his son and begun in A.D. 110. Originally two stories tall with a central reading room and three tiers of decorative niches holding life-size statues, it was reconstructed from ruins by archeologists during the 1970s. The excellent replicas and stunning facade restoration make it among the top excursions for cruise ship visitors to the ancient port of Ephesus.

Times Square: New York, New York

With 50 million visitors annually, Manhattan's monument to billboards, Broadway and buskers is a must. It all began at Long Acre Square when New York Times publisher Adolph S. Ochs built his paper's office tower in an area benefitting from the recent arrival of electric lighting and the subway. Times Tower opened in 1904. Shortly after, former Mayor McClellan renamed the square after the paper, and it's still used for the New Year's celebration they pioneered. To learn more about the history of Times Square , consider a guided walking tour . Or, consider one of the best hotels in Times Square to stay in the heart of this iconic area.

Buckingham Palace: London, England

Followers of "The Crown" and royal weddings know the British love their monarchy, although Buckingham Palace , the royal residence since 1837, only opened for public visits in 1993. Greater as a symbol of power than as a mansion, it nonetheless fronts 354 feet of prime real estate between Green and St. James parks. The palace has 775 rooms, including 52 royal and guest bedrooms, 78 bathrooms and 188 bedrooms for staff. Book far ahead for State Rooms tours, or book a Buckingham Palace and Windsor Castle daytrip for a royal experience. To stay nearby, consider some of the best hotels near Buckingham Palace .

Leaning Tower of Pisa: Pisa, Italy

The 197-foot bell tower rose at Campo dei Miracoli between the 12th and 14th centuries to accompany a Romanesque cathedral and baptistery. Although it began tilting immediately, Pisa's eight-story marble structure, ringed with arches and 207 support columns, was considered an engineering feat. Following centuries of effort to right it, the Leaning Tower of Pisa reopened in 2001 after three years of placing weights on the tower and removing soil from the bottom. The foundation succeeded in reducing the tilt. Snap an obligatory selfie, walk up nearly 300 steps to the top or linger at one of the top hotels nearby.

Forbidden City: Beijing, China

This former royal compound is more than a half-mile long. Home to 24 emperors of the Ming and Qing Dynasties between 1420 and 1925, Forbidden City (also known as the Imperial Palace) is a Beijing heritage site, not a museum of antiquities. Laid out according to Confucian ideals, its men-only outer court comprises more than 90 palaces, while the family-centric inner court was devoted to imperial residences and ceremonial halls. For an in-depth experience, book a guided walking tour to learn about the history, architecture and significance of this landmark.

[See more of Beijing: Things to Do | Hotels | When to Visit | Photos ]

(Courtesy of The Trustees of the British Museum) |

Rosetta Stone, British Museum: London, England

This large carved stone slab covered in text dominates Room 4 at the British Museum because of its crucial role in uncovering ancient history. It was actually a decree about King Ptolemy V meant for public display. It has the same text inscribed in three ancient languages: hieroglyphics, demotic and ancient Greek. Because scholars could read the latter, the stone became the key to deciphering hieroglyphics and has become synonymous with the solution to any riddle.

(Courtesy of Disneyland) |

Disneyland Resort: Anaheim, California

Opened on July 17, 1955, Disneyland helped to launch a theme park industry that has been emulated around the world. Within two years, more than 4.5 million people were visiting Disneyland , cementing Walt and Roy Disney's model of building a fairy tale place to please guests who were a happy audience for story-based thrill rides, costumed characters and themed souvenirs. Today, with new Star Wars Galaxy's Edge rides and attractions, plus new themes and characters, the resort continues to draw visitors from around the world. The top-rated Disney's Grand Californian Hotel & Spa and the Disneyland Hotel give travelers the chance to spend the night amid the magic.

[See more of Anaheim-Disneyland: Things to Do | Hotels | When to Visit | Photos ]

Tulum: Mexico

Tulum is one of Mexico's top destinations, known for its Riviera Maya beaches, its proximity to the Caribbean Sea and its UNESCO-designated Mayan ruins. Just 80 miles south of Cancun , it's as tranquil and laid-back as that city is bustling, yet it also has plenty of boutique hotels and restaurants. The picturesque archaeological site – several white limestone temples and carvings highlighted against blue sea and sky – dates to the sixth century and is very well-preserved. You can stay in Tulum, or base yourself at one of the top hotels in Cancun , such as Le Blanc Spa Resort , then book a daytrip to Tulum Archaeological Site or the Mayan ruins of Chichen Itza .

[See more of Tulum: Things to Do | Hotels | When to Visit | Photos ]

Gyeongbokgung Palace: Seoul, South Korea

Although the Lotte World theme park attracts more visitors, the classical architecture and gardens of the Joseon Dynasty royal residence make it a window into Korea's past. Opened in 1395, when Seoul became the country's new capital, the palace was destroyed in the 16th-century Japanese invasion, then rebuilt on a nearly 100-acre compound. It's open daily except for Tuesday; try to catch the Royal Guard Changing Ceremony at Gwanghwamun Gate or the occasional evening tour to see it after dusk. Combine a guided visit to the Gyeongbokgung Palace with a market tour, check out the National Folk Museum of Korea and consider staying at the top-rated Banyan Tree Club & Spa Seoul , with three restaurants, indoor and outdoor pools, a spa and a bar/lounge.

[See more of Seoul: Things to Do | Hotels | When to Visit | Photos ]

(Courtesy of Matt Stroshane & Disneyland) |

Walt Disney World Resort: Orlando, Florida

Orlando welcomed 75 million visitors in 2019 and, by some estimates, nearly 21 million of them went to the Magic Kingdom. Home to Mickey Mouse, beloved Disney film characters and the iconic Cinderella Castle, it's the centerpiece of a 40-square-mile park comprising Animal Kingdom, EPCOT, Hollywood Studios with Star Wars: Galaxy's Edge, two water parks, trains, more than 25 hotels and the dreams of millions worldwide.

[See more of Walt Disney World Resort: Things to Do | Hotels | When to Visit | Photos ]

Iguazu Falls: Brazil and Argentina

Argentina and Brazil share World Heritage national parks conserving spectacular waterfalls that feed the Iguazu River. Multiple cataracts, extending more than 8,800 feet from a height of 262 feet, generate a vast spray of water in a unique subtropical rainforest habitat. Stay in either country's tourist town, boat or bus in and carry your passport to cross the border. Guided daytrips often include pickup and drop-off from Puerto Iguazú hotels. Plus, look for rainbows, 2,000 plant species and animals, including tapirs, anteaters, monkeys, ocelots, jaguars and caimans.

Vatican City

The smallest country in the world, the Holy See is the center of Roman Catholicism, home to the Pope, beautiful gardens and 11 museums, some dating to medieval times. Book advanced tickets to meet the Pope or skip the line to admire Michelangelo's famous Sistine Chapel ceiling. Or, queue for free entry to St. Peter's Basilica to see the Vatican's colorful Swiss Guards, priceless religious art and the balcony where the Pope addresses the faithful. The traveler-approved Rome Cavalieri, A Waldorf Astoria Hotel showcases a hilltop setting with sweeping views of Rome and Vatican City, plus a rooftop Michelin-starred restaurant, an expansive art collection, a spa and several pools.

Sydney Opera House: Sydney, Australia

An architectural wonder when it was designed by Jørn Utzon in the mid-1950s, the billowing "sails" of Sydney 's waterfront hall have defined the city to the world ever since. Visitors can tour several performance spaces inside and out, join dawn exercise classes on the steps, hear world-class symphonies, watch light shows and capture its elegant lines through a lens. For an in-depth experience book a guided tour to see the Opera House from the water on a harbor cruise or schedule a timed ticket to visitor favorites such as the Taronga Zoo and Australian National Maritime Museum. If you want to relax, book a stay at the Park Hyatt Sydney where you can enjoy panoramic views of the harbor from the rooftop pool, take afternoon tea in The Living Room or have dinner in The Dining Room.

[See more of Sydney: Things to Do | Hotels | When to Visit | Photos ]

Mount Everest: Nepal and Tibet

Since Sir Edmund Hillary and Sherpa Tenzing Norgay claimed the first ascent in 1953, more than 7,600 people have summited Mount Everest – the highest peak on Earth at 29,035 feet – and nearly 300 have died trying. Still considered the pinnacle of human achievement, the risk-averse peak bagger or non-climber can get up close to the summit on a flightseeing tour from Kathmandu.

Petra: Jordan

Petra is referred to as the "Rose-Red City" and, at dawn especially, the pink-cut rock remains are a remarkable sight. Daylong visits begin at the Siq, a half-mile gorge lined with horse carriages heading to the vast complex. Wonder turns to astonishment at the first view of Al-Khazneh, a royal tomb carved by the Nabataeans 2,000 years ago. Although most structures have fallen, the remaining façades and amphitheater testify to the sophistication of early Arab settlers. This UNESCO World Heritage Site is located 144 miles south of Amman and 78 miles northwest of Aqaba, with bus service available. If you want to stay nearby, the Petra Marriott Hotel and Movenpick Resort Petra offer highly rated accommodations with dining, spas and more.

Mona Lisa: Paris, France

While spectators are captivated by Mona Lisa's enigmatic smile and gaze that follows you around the gallery, Renaissance master artist Leonardo da Vinci also painted the horizon behind her at eye level to draw viewers in. The priceless oil on wood portrait was kept by King Francois I, King Louis XIV and Napoleon before the French government declared her a public treasure; today, she has her own fan mailbox at the Louvre . If you want to save some time, consider booking a guided tour to skip the lines.

Terra Cotta Warriors: Xi'an, China

Since they were first discovered by farmers in 1974, the life-size, terracotta army of Emperor Qin Shi Huang has become the defining attraction of Xi'an, a historic northwestern city boasting pagodas, towers and fortification walls from several eras. Although the huge Qin mausoleum site, located about an hour outside of town, requires decades more excavation, more than 2,000 perfectly restored chariots, horses and individual warriors now stand in proud formation, guarding the passage of China's first emperor from life to death. Xi'an offers a variety of hotels, including the Hilton Xi'an and Grand Mercure Hotel Xian On Renmin Square.

Borobudur Temple: Java, Indonesia

The largest Buddhist temple compound in the world rose on a Central Java hilltop during the 8th and 9th centuries. Like a 3D mandala or a representation of the cosmos, it has a pyramidal stone base with five concentric square terraces, topped by three circular platforms and a domed stupa. The setting, monumental scale and eye-pleasing symmetry quietly complement thousands of carved reliefs and Buddha statues. Circle each terrace clockwise, like the sun, to walk the path toward enlightenment. What's more, you can also visit the nearby Omah Pring wildlife area and the Samudra Raksa Ship Museum.

Mount Kilimanjaro: Tanzania

Africa's tallest peak, Mount Kilimanjaro at 19,340 feet is one of Tanzania's top attractions and one of the few great mountains that can be summited without too many technical skills or climbing equipment. Several guide companies run six-day round-trip hikes that allow trekkers to acclimatize to the altitude. The drier January to March season is colder but quieter than the more crowded summer months. For accommodations, Babylon Lodge is located within the national park and Mount Kilimanjaro View Lodge is situated 13 miles from the park.

Jemaa el-Fna: Marrakech, Morocco

Known as the crossroads at the crossroads of the world, this bustling marketplace houses orange juice stalls under sun umbrellas, horse-drawn carriages and wizened snake charmers. After dark at Jemaa el-Fna , the smoke of grilling meat swirls around fluorescent-lit food stands while dancers and fortune tellers entertain the crowds. You'll cross this square in the heart of Marrakech 's old medina whether you shop in the souk, pause for mint tea or explore the old mosques and madrassas. Book a private tour for an insider's experience, and spend the night at Le Jardins De La Koutoubia , which houses four restaurants, a spa and a pool.

[See more of Marrakech: Things to Do | Hotels | When to Visit | Photos ]

Christ the Redeemer: Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Erected by a multinational team of engineers from 1922 to 1931, this art deco statue of Christ with arms outstretched watches over Brazil – and the world's Christians – from the peak of Corcovado Mountain. At nearly two-thirds the size of the Statue of Liberty, the white soapstone and concrete work designed by Paul Landowski can be seen for miles and was selected as one of the New Seven Wonders of the World. What's more, while in Rio de Janeiro you can explore the Jardim Botanico , Tijuca National Park , Ipanema Beach or book a guided tour to experience the city's top sites. For an iconic stay, consider the Belmond Copacabana Palace on the famed beach with three restaurants and a full-service spa.

[See more of Rio de Janeiro: Things to Do | Hotels | When to Visit | Photos ]

Great Wall of China: China

Emperor Qin Shi Huang ordered the construction of the Great Wall in 221 B.C. to protect China's first feudal empire from the Huns to the north. Stretching across more than 5,500 miles from east to west, the Great Wall offers multiple vantage points and opportunities for exploration. Skip the restored and crowded section at Badaling and join a tour to Jinshanling or Jiankou to hike between towers and turrets, the ever-snaking wall in view, and imagine the clatter of chariot hooves beneath your feet. You can also base yourself in Beijing and book a daytrip to the Great Wall and Ming Tombs.

Taj Mahal: Agra, India

Most travelers put the Taj Mahal , a UNESCO World Heritage Site and a remarkable monument to love, on their bucket list and for good reason. The almost translucent, 240-foot-tall mausoleum for Mumtaz Mahal, wife of Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan, is made of intricately carved white marble inlaid with semiprecious stones and gems. Commissioned in 1632, it represents 22 years of labor by 20,000 workers, yet is just one of many stunning Mughal monuments in Agra . In addition to the Taj Mahal, explore the Agra Fort and the ancient city of Fatehpur Sikri. For a luxurious stay amid reflection pools and pavilions, The Oberoi Amarvilas has unrestricted views of the Taj Mahal.

[See more of Agra: Things to Do | Hotels | When to Visit | Photos ]

Meiji Shrine: Tokyo, Japan

Meiji Shrine is one of Tokyo 's most popular attractions, with 30 million visitors each year. This Shinto shrine embodies the people's gratitude to Emperor Meiji and his consort, who modernized Japanese society and government in the early 20th century. In addition to seeing the torii gate, teak buildings and public prayer wall, travelers are welcome to participate in traditional prayer rituals. One hundred thousand trees donated to the surrounding Yoyogi Park make this a tranquil spot in Shibuya. In addition to the Meiji Shrine , you'll want to visit the Imperial Palace , Tokyo National Museum and the iconic Tokyo Tower . The highly regarded Grand Hyatt Tokyo makes an ideal base for exploring with seven restaurants, a pastry boutique, an indoor swimming pool and a spa.

[See more of Tokyo: Things to Do | Hotels | When to Visit | Photos ]

Table Mountain: Cape Town, South Africa

This flat, eye-catching plateau is a sky-high recreational area that has attracted 24 million visitors since the Table Mountain Aerial Cableway opened in 1929. While the cars rising to 3,600 feet rotate to show off picturesque Cape Town , the mountain's rich biodiversity – 1,470 species of plants and myriad forest animals in a relatively small area – is the top attraction. What's more, you can experience vineyards, go whale watching (seasonally), visit Nelson Mandela's jail cell on Robben Island and explore the city's vibrant nightlife. Enjoy resort amenities framed by views of Table Mountain at the One&Only Cape Town with fine dining, a rooftop lounge, a spa and various personalized experiences.

[See more of Cape Town: Things to Do | Hotels | When to Visit | Photos ]

Niagara Falls: New York and Ontario, Canada

Niagara Falls welcomes an estimated 22 million annual visitors to see its 6 million cubic feet of water per second tumbling over the rocky U.S.-Canada border. While Canada 's thundering Horseshoe Falls are the widest, New York's stunning American Falls and Bridal Veil Falls are seen from a more natural environment. Bring passports to cross the Rainbow Bridge and see both, and don't miss any under-the-falls experiences. For a unique perspective, book a boat tour to see the falls from the water.

[See more of Niagara Falls: Things to Do | Hotels | When to Visit | Photos ]

Zócalo: Mexico City, Mexico

A huge square in Mexico City 's Centro Historico, Zócalo is for those who love local action. Stop to admire politicians scurrying to government offices, street hawkers peddling toys, snacks and the Mexican flag. Explore the Metropolitan Cathedral to the north, built on the ruins of the Aztec's Templo Mayor. Art abounds, from Diego Rivera murals at the Ministry of Education to ornately tiled cafes, museums and several traditional bakeries selling colorful Mexican sweets. Visitors can also check out the Frida Kahlo Museum , National Palace and the pre-Columbian pyramids of Teotihuacan . Recent travelers recommend the Four Seasons Hotel Mexico City and The St. Regis Mexico City for their prime location and amenities.

[See more of Mexico City: Things to Do | Tours | Hotels | When to Visit | Photos ]

Angkor Archaeological Park: Siem Reap, Cambodia

The 12th-century stone Hindu temple or wat, built by King Suryavarman II is the largest religious structure in the world. An architectural marvel surrounded by jungle and smaller shrines, Angkor Wat is laid out as a mandala, or plan of the universe, with courtyards on three levels. Famously covered in beautifully preserved Hindu carvings, you'll see Lord Vishnu, religious tales and thousands of dancing apsaras, alluring celestial maidens with their feet turned out. Skip the line on your trip and purchase a one-, three- or seven-day pass for the archaeological park in advance. To stay nearby, the Jaya House River Park receives rave reviews for its staff, riverside location, food and cleanliness.

Galápagos Islands: Ecuador

Isolated in the Pacific Ocean, about 600 miles off Ecuador where three ocean currents meet, these volcanic islands boast biodiversity that inspired scientist Charles Darwin to write "On the Origin of Species" after a visit in 1835. Plan a trip to the Galápagos Islands soon on specially licensed boat tours, before the warming ocean threatens the islands' coral reefs and unique species of boobies, turtles, sharks and more. The Finch Bay Eco Hotel provides guests with complimentary airport transportation and Wi-Fi, along with a beachfront location, a restaurant and a pool.

[See more Galápagos Islands: Things to Do | Hotels | When to Visit ]

Tokyo Disney Resort: Urayasu, Japan

Around 17 million annual visitors to Tokyo Disneyland and nearly 13 million annual visitors to Tokyo DisneySea make both attractions among the world's most successful theme parks. Super fans say that Disneyland has the traditionally favorite characters and rides, while DisneySea focuses more on attractions themed to recent movies. Be sure to visit both, noting the ways in which Disney incorporates elements of Asian culture to make the themes, cuisine and souvenirs more engaging for locals. The traveler-favorite Tokyo Disneyland Hotel has a seasonal outdoor pool and children's pool, two restaurants and laundry facilities.

Acropolis: Athens, Greece

Like icing on the cake of ancient treasures, the Acropolis – literally "highest point" of Athens – is a must-see. Fifth-century B.C. marble masterworks include the 228-foot-long Parthenon, decorated with friezes seen at the on-site museum; Athena Nike temple; colonnaded Propylaea gateway; and the Erechtheum, whose portico is held up by caryatids, sculpted svelte women. Go early before the heat and crowds build to appreciate the Golden Age of a civilization that defined the Western world. To combine your visit to the Acropolis with a trip to the new Acropolis Museum, consider skipping the line by booking a guided tour . Enjoy views of the Acropolis while having breakfast or swimming in the pool at the popular Hotel Grande Bretagne .

[See more of Athens: Things to Do | Tours | Hotels | When to Visit | Photos ]

Golden Gate Bridge: San Francisco, California

Completed in 1937, the Golden Gate Bridge is an engineering marvel, connecting San Francisco to Marin County. Featuring art deco detailing, the towers extend 746 feet toward the sky and more than 100 feet beneath the bay. It attracts more than 10 million visitors a year, and you can drive, walk or bike across the 1.7-mile-long structure. Visit the welcome center to learn about the history and special exhibits. If you'd like to see the bridge from a different view, take a sunset catamaran cruise or enjoy the view from your room at the Argonaut Hotel .

[See more of San Francisco: Things to Do | Hotels | When to Visit | Photos ]

Navy Pier: Chicago, Illinois

Offering picture-perfect skyline views and entertainment for all ages, the Navy Pier in Chicago extends out onto Lake Michigan. You can ride the iconic Ferris Wheel or the carousel, play mini-golf, dine at one of the restaurants or board a cruise to see it all from the lake. There are plenty of great spots for a selfie. While you're in the Windy City, be sure to venture around town to check out iconic attractions like the Shedd Aquarium , shop along The Magnificent Mile , catch a ballgame at Wrigley Field and take a photo in front of the Bean in Millennium Park . For views of the lake, city and Navy Pier, consider a stay at The Peninsula Chicago , a top-rated hotel with afternoon tea in The Lobby restaurant, a spa and a Cantonese restaurant.

[See more of Chicago: Things to Do | Tours | Hotels | When to Visit | Photos ]

You might also be interested in:

• The World's Best Places to Visit
• The Most Beautiful Landscapes in the World
• The Most Famous Landmarks in the World
• The Best Tourist Attraction in Every U.S. State
• Vacation Ideas for Every Type of Traveler

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21 Fascinating Types of Tourists Around The World

There are so many different types of tourists around the world and it is important that we understand the different types of tourists in order to be able to ensure that the tourism industry meets their needs. Heck, it wouldn’t make sense to try to sell kids clubs tickets to tourists are are mostly elderly and without young children, just as it wouldn’t make much sense to sell  volunteer tourism  trips to tourists who just want to relax by the poolside for their annual vacation!

From a tourism management perspective, we need to understand the different types of tourists so that we can provide each tourist type with the products and the services that best suit their needs and  demands . So in this article I will introduce you to the the major types of tourists, are you ready to learn more? Read on….

Cohen’s types of tourists

Cohen’s tourist typology was one of the first major typologies developed in the travel and tourism industry. Cohen said that types of tourists can be put into four categories- I have explained these briefly below (if you want a more comprehensive explanation, read my article on  Cohen’s tourist typology ).

Drifters typically have an authentic and deep  immersive tourism  experience, opting for staying with members of the local community rather than in hotels and spending their time in the local community. They seek adventure and plan their own itineraries. This type of tourist always opts for novelty over familiarity- you won’t see a Drifter eating in McDonalds or shopping in Zara! The Drifter is the type of tourist that is least connected with the mass tourism industry.

The Explorer

Explorers also seek novelty over the familiar, however these types of tourists do often have a little more interaction with the commodities associated with the tourism industry. For example, an Explorer may travel independently and enjoy an immersive cultural experience, but they may rest their head on a hotel pillow at the end of the day. This type of tourist will generally eat and shop local, but don’t be surprised if they enjoy a Big Mac from time to time too.

The Individual Mass Tourist

The Individual Mass Tourist seeks the familiar rather than the new. These types of tourists want familiar food, they want to be able to communicate in a familiar language and they want to stay in  types of accommodation  that they are familiar with. However, the Individual Mass Tourist is not constrained by the likes of group tours and activities- yes, they may book their holiday through a travel or use a local tour guide, but they will typically opt for solo travel over group tours.

The Organised Mass Tourist

The Organised Mass Tourist seeks the familiar, typically as part of an organised group. These types of tourists seek the familiar over novelty every time and they are often found with tour guides and undertaking group tours. The Organised Mass Tourist will generally have an itinerary or a plan and they will stick to it.

Plog’s types of tourists

Stanley Plog is another tourism academic who categorised types of tourists in his model of Allocentricity and Psychocentricity. Essentially, he grouped tourists into three types and then mapped this to the way that a destination may rise and fall in popularity. I won’t go into the details of Plog’s theory here, but if you do want to learn more you can head on over to my article ‘ Plog’s model of allocentricity and psychocentricity: Made easy ‘

Allocentric tourists

According to Plog, the allocentric tourist is most likely associated with destinations that are un(der)developed. These types of tourists might be the first tourists to visit an area. They may be the first intrepid explorers, the ones brave enough to travel to the ‘unknown’. Allocentric tourists like adventure. They are not afraid of the unknown. They like to explore.

Allocentric tourists are often found travelling alone. They are not phased that the destination they are visiting doesn’t have a chapter in their guidebook. In fact, they are excited by the prospect of travelling to a place that most people have never heard of!

Psychocentric tourists

Psychocentric tourists are the opposite to allocentric tourists. Psychocentric tourists are most commonly associated with areas that are well-developed or  over-developed for tourism . Many people will have visited the area before them- it has been tried and tested. These tourists feel secure knowing that their holiday choice will provide them with the comforts and familiarities that they know and love.

Psychocentric tourists travel in organised groups. Their holidays are typically organised for them by their  travel agent . These travellers seek the familiar. They are happy in the knowledge that their holiday resort will provide them with their home comforts. The standard activity level of psychocentric tourists is low. These types of tourists enjoy holiday resorts and  all inclusive packages . They are components of  enclave tourism , meaning that they are likely to stay put in their hotel for the majority of the duration of their holiday. These are often repeat tourists, who choose to visit the same destination year-on-year.

Mid-Centric tourists

Mid-centric tourists fall somewhere in the middle- these types of tourists like some adventure, but also some of their home comforts. Perhaps they book their holiday themselves through dynamic packaging, but then spend the majority of their time in their holiday resort. Or maybe they book an organised package, but then choose to break away from the crowd and explore the local area.

Types of tourists by destination type

It is common for types of tourists to be grouped by the destination type. This typically encompasses four major categories, as I have explained below.

Domestic tourists

Domestic tourism  is the act of travelling for business or leisure within one’s home country.  According to the UNWTO , a person must be away from their usual place of residence (but still in their home country) for at least one night to qualify as a domestic tourist.

Popular destinations for domestic tourism include the USA, India and China . This is because they are big countries with a variety of tourist experiences to offer.

International tourists

International tourism  is the act of travelling overseas for business or leisure. International tourism is one of the biggest industries in the world. Which tourists visit which destinations is determined by a number of different factors, such as distance to travel, cost of living in the  traveller generating region and the tourism destination region , the tourist ‘s culture, disposable income and a range of other factors.

Inbound tourists

Inbound tourism  is the act of someone travelling to a country other than that of where they live for the purpose of tourism.

Many countries around the world rely on inbound tourism. Inbound tourism is often seasonal, meaning that many destinations will have evident peak, shoulder and low seasons. This is often dependant on weather conditions (for example sun or snow ) and school and public holidays.

Outbound tourists

Outbound tourism  is the act of travelling ‘out’ of your home country for the purposes of tourism. Outbound tourism does not include the purchasing of good or services before or after the trip within the tourism generating country.

The terms outbound tourism and inbound tourism are often used interchangeably. This is because a tourist who is travelling internationally is both an outbound tourist (because they travel OUT of their home country) and an inbound tourist (because they travel IN to another country).

Types of tourists by tourism type

Many people will differentiate types of tourists according to the type of tourism that they are undertaking. Whilst this  can  be useful, it can also become rather complication when you consider how many different types of tourism there are! Below I have outlined some of the most common types of tourists according to tourism type, but I do suggest that you also take a look at this article, which outlines  150 different types of tourism !

Sustainable tourists

Sustainable tourism is one of the most important types of tourism, if not THE most important type of tourism that there is and more and more tourists are embracing sustainable tourism nowadays than ever before.

Sustainable tourism , also often referred to as  responsible tourism , relies on the premise of taking care of the environment, society and economy. Sustainable tourism principles intend to minimise the negative impacts of tourism, whilst maximising the positive impacts.

Ethical tourists

Ethical tourism  refers to tourism that benefits the people and the environment involved. It is closely aligned with the concepts of sustainable tourism and responsible tourism. Many tourists now seek advice on  how they can be ethical tourists  and implement this into their travel decisions and behaviours.

Experiential tourists

Experiential tourism  is derived from the concept of experiential learning, whereby a person learns and creates meaning through their experiences. Therefore, these types of tourists focus on immersion with a particular destination, its culture, people, customs and histories. Experiential tourism is popular amongst backpackers, students and tourists looking for an authentic and deep travel experience.

Adventure tourists

Adventure tourism  is one of the most exciting types of tourism. Adventure tourism is tourism which involves a degree of risk. It typically requires specialist skills or physical exertion. Adventure tourists might go rock climbing, skydiving, white water rafting, mountain climbing, zip-lining and paragliding, to name just a few examples.

Dark tourists

Dark tourism , also known as black tourism, thanatourism or grief tourism, is tourism that is associated with death or tragedy.

The act of dark tourism is somewhat controversial, with some viewing it as an act of respect and others as unethical practice. Popular dark tourism attractions include Auschwitz, Chernobyl and Ground Zero. Lesser known dark tourism attractions might include cemeteries, zombie-themed events or historical museums.

Cultural tourists

Cultural tourism  is the act of travellers visiting particular destinations in order to experience and learn about a particular culture. This can include many activities such as; attending events and festivals, visiting museums and tasting the local food and drinks. Cultural tourism can also be an unintentional part of the tourism experience, whereby cultural immersion (with the local people, their language, customs, cuisine etc) is an inevitable part of a person’s holiday.

Ecotourists

Ecotourism  is a form of tourism directed at preserving fragile environments and eco-systems. Ecotourism commonly occurs in threatened natural environments, where the intention is to provide conservation. Ecotourism efforts include building tourist facilities that have minimal impact on the natural environment, adopting the use of products such as compost toilets or solar-powered electricity.

Ecotourism has become somewhat of a ‘buzz word’ in recent years and is closely related to the concept of  sustainable tourism .

Medical tourists

Another type of tourist that is increasing rapidly are Medical tourists.  Medical tourism , also known as health tourism, refers to the act of travelling to another destination for the purpose of medical treatment. Motivations of medical tourists may include reduced costs for treatments or higher quality of provision. Medical tourists may seek life-saving treatments unavailable to them at home, cosmetic surgery or dental procedures amongst a range of other medical needs. Popular destinations include India , Turkey and Panama.

Religious tourists

Religious tourism , also known as faith tourism, refers to the act of travelling for the purposes of religious pilgrimage, missionary, or interest. A branch of  cultural tourism , religious tourism constituted some of the earliest tourism forms. Not all religious tourists conform to beliefs of or religious practices of the attractions/destinations that they are visiting which can cause conflict between visitors and worshippers. Popular religious tourism destinations include Israel, Mecca and Varanassi.

Business tourists

Business tourism , or business travel, is one of the most important types of tourism there is, because it is so big! Business tourism is essentially a form of travel which involves undertaking business activities that are based away from home.

Business tourism activities includes attending meetings, congresses, exhibitions, incentive travel and corporate hospitality.

The traveller versus tourist debate

I would like to finish off this article by paying reference to a debate that I see referenced a lot by my fellow travel bloggers- the tourism versus traveller debate- and I would like to debunk it.

There are many people who claim that they are not a tourist, but instead they are a ‘traveller’. They claim that this is because they enjoy immersing themselves into the local culture and avoiding  mass tourism  places. However, I would like to point out (as I explain in more detail in my article on the  definition of tourism ), that these people are indeed tourists, just as much as anyone else is a tourist.

As I have demonstrated throughout this article, there are many different types of tourists- yes, some enjoy local experiences and avoiding packaged, commodified and mass tourism products, and other types of tourists are at their happiest while sipping a cocktail by the pool in their  all inclusive holiday resort . It doesn’t matter exactly what we do on our travels- if we are travelling away from home to see and experience new and different places, we are tourists.

Types of tourists- further reading

If you enjoyed this article outlining the different types of tourists, I am sure that you will enjoy these articles too!

• What is alternative tourism and why is it growing so fast?
• Where to find a job in travel and tourism
• The fascinating history of tourism
• What is a workation and why should you take one?

The 21 Different Types of Tourists

There are different types of tourists around the world. These tourists typically specialize in a single type of tourism such as cultural holidays so they can be easily categorized.

While many tourists are generally interested in multiple aspects of holidaying, some simply prefer to stay in line with very specific interests as follows.

Table of Contents

1. Adventure tourists

Adventure tourists are considered the most daring out there. These people are very active and they breathe experiences. Adventure tourists can be locked in a resort for a couple of weeks as this would simply ruin their vacation. They need action, change of scenery, meeting new people, and experiencing new things.

But what is adventure tourism? This style of tourism often involves outdoor adventures such as safari escapes, or desert dirt bike rides. It can involve any activity that is considered adventurous.

Adventure tourists are known for their high interest in getting into new experiences. If many tourists aren’t willing to travel far for their passions, this can be different for adventure tourists.

For example, some of the most unique swimming with the sharks’ experiences are very remote. Yet, adventure tourists always travel to these locations for the experience.

The most important word to describe these tourists is ‘experience’. All adventure seekers are normally interested in the experience more than being interested in simple everyday activities that are repetitive and monotone.

Adventure tourists aren’t afraid of looking beyond comfort as well. These holidaymakers aren’t always seeking to sleep in the most luxurious hotels. They might even sacrifice personal comfort for the awaiting experience.

2. Backpack tourists

Backpack tourists are typically frugal and interested in multiple aspects of tourism. As their category name suggests, these tourists are normally only traveling with a backpack. This is where they keep clothes, shoes, sunglasses, charges, and even food. Traveling with a backpack isn’t easy. You have to carry it around with you all day.

So why do backpack tourist numbers increase year by year if it’s so difficult to carry a backpack all day? The first reason has to do with economics. It’s simply more affordable to stay in backpack hostels and bed and breakfasts than to stay in typical hotels. It’s also less worrying as these tourists have all their belongings with them at all times.

Most importantly, backpack tourism is fun. Those into this type of holidaymaking aren’t afraid to put on sports shoes and comfortable clothing and get moving. They can see and experience multiple other aspects of their traveling location compared to other tourists.

Backpack tourists also differentiate themselves from adventure tourists as they can be into different aspects such as seeing cultural landmarks and even traveling for good restaurants. They can combine all aspects of tourism with an adventure into a unique budget-friendly type of holidaymaking.

Shortly called ‘backpackers’ these tourists are seen everywhere from busy city streets to remote mountain paths. They are generally highly self-driven and they require minimum guidance to get around as they like to plan.

3. Business tourists

Business tourists are a bit more difficult to stop compared to backpackers. Normally traveling for work purposes, business tourists are mostly interested in their work duties. Of course, things change during the day when these work duties are over.

Known for their tight schedule, business tourists are typically interested to discover the area where they need to work for a while. This means they can jump into the typical tourist attractions, check out local museums, restaurants, and parks.

Business tourists are normally blessed when it comes to expenses. Most business tourists have their transport and accommodation costs covered. This then means they might have money to get into shopping or to other activities that aren’t specifically free.

Those who travel for business are rarely called tourists, however. It’s only the group that has the time to become part-time tourists that are lucky enough to discover new places. There are plenty of professionals traveling for business with no time for holidaying.

New York is the number one business tourist destination. Known for its high number of business and economic development, the city also offers plenty of world-class landmarks to visit, making it the perfect stop for business tourists.

4. Cruise tourists

A special type of tourist is only interested in going on a cruise. Many cruise tourists are seniors and seeing the world from a cruise ship is often a yearly holiday for them. Carnival Cruises and other similar companies offer complete tourist packages for these seniors. Almost all of them have the freedom to choose which countries they want to visit as cruises take tourists on different types of tours.

Some cruises are only bound to the Gulf of Mexico. Others travel around Central and South America. There are also very popular Mediterranean cruises for those who want to travel along Southern Europe’s coast from Portugal to Greece with stops in Spain, France, and Italy.

The main benefit of these cruises is they allow their customers to see different countries as special port stops are planned along the route.

Cruise tourists have also been known to be among those who love long holidays the most. There are plenty of cruses that last more than a month and this type of adventure can certainly count as the summer holiday.

Cruise tourists generally travel in couples or small groups. It’s rare to find solo cruise tourists. Most cabins available on cruise ships are for couples. This is why they can be the ideal type of escape for tourists and couples who want to relax for a few weeks.

Most cruise tourists appreciate good food, drinks, and the ability to socialize on the ship. This is why all cruise ships offer one or multiple restaurants, a common socializing area, a sunbathing deck, music nights, and even casino nights. This is why some tourists even prefer not to step off the ship even when docked as all amenities are covered for them.

5. Cultural tourists

Culture is a sub-niche of traveling. Culture travelers differentiate themselves considerably from others as they choose different destinations to the typical beach resort escape. They might even travel to the same places as others but they visit different attractions.

As their name suggests, cultural tourists are into the culture. This vast area of interest typically covers, history with its museums, education with learning opportunities, ethnographies with its traditions, etc. Being a cultural tourist means you check out all of the cultural attractions of your destinations such as theatres, cinemas, and old cathedrals.

A cultural tourist is typically traveling at a slow pace so there’s sufficient time to admire and participate in different cultural events. Most cultural tourists can be seen in museums. Offering a glimpse into the history of an area, museums are ideal for cultural tourists as they often meet other tourists from around the world also interested in culture.

Cultural tourism flourishes in historically-rich cities and countries. Italy, France, and England are some of the most visited cultural hubs around the world. Italy’s renascence period with its painters, sculptors, and architects still attracts millions of tourists from around the world. These tourists are there to see these aspects that are unique to Italy as they can’t be reproduced anywhere else.

Being a cultural tourist also has its downsides. As every place is unique, cultural tourists typically want to visit more places that require a considerable budget. Visiting London is an experience that is certainly enriched by visiting other British cultural hubs such as Durham or Oxford. All of these cities can offer a combined cultural vacation of at least a week.

6. Domestic tourists

One of the main categories of holidaymakers is represented by domestic tourists. These travelers are typically interested in what their native countries have to offer. Domestic tourism means discovering locals places within the country.

Domestic tourists travel by airplane, car, bicycle, or they even hitchhike. This is one of the most important aspects when it comes to discovering and rediscovering your own country.

All domestic tourism is typically based on the same rules and international tourism, with a busy season where an influx of travelers is expected. For most tourists, it is also a good opportunity to look at what makes their country great.

Domestic tourism incorporates all other types of tourism. Its sub-niches include cultural domestic tourism, culinary domestic tourism, adventure domestic tourism, leisure domestic tourism, etc.

Domestic tourists are also typically interested in multiple aspects of their travels. Visiting a city or a region is typically accompanied by discovering its main touristic attractions and things to do.

7. Eco-tourists

Eco tourists are a growing niche of travelers highly preoccupied with sustainability, ecology, and general nature care. This type of tourism is growing fast around the world and it has a minimalistic approach with a reduced impact on the environment.

Riding dirt bikes through green fields is not ecotourism. But cycling through rural areas is considered eco-tourism, with its care for nature.

Most eco-tourists travel by car or plane to a certain destination. But they can also travel by bike or even walk multiple days to reach a destination or to experience all that it has to offer.

Rural Italy offers great world-class eco-tourism destinations. Small family farms here show tourists how to live like a local, cook like a local, and even how to care for animals.

There’s a modern side to eco-tourism as well. All types of reduced environmental impact technologies such as e-bikes are included in guided eco-tourism tours.

Most eco-tourists appreciate a way of life that cares for nature and what it has to offer. This is why excessive waste isn’t characteristic to these types of tourists which tend to be the best when it comes to not leaving traces of their visit even when out in nature.

Eco tourists are also smart when it comes to limiting the resources they need on holiday. This is why this type of tourism is often characterized as affordable. But it can still be expensive with the exception that these types of eco-tourists know how to make the most from very few resources.

8. Food tourists

Food tourists are a special type of gourmand holidaymakers. Food tourist travels their country and other countries to eat diverse foods. This type of tourism is flourishing in the conditions in which foods become more standardized in developed nations and since certain meals can only be experienced among the locals who make them often.

Among food tourists, there are plenty of sub-divisions such as vegan food tourists or Asian food tourists. All of them are interested in very specific aspects of food. But most food tourists have an open mind to all types of foods and countries.

Cultures influence food considerably. This is why learning about culture often means tasting the food it makes and seeing what characterizes its delicious taste.

Food tours are now offered constantly by travel agents. Some of the best food travel destinations are those in South East Asia. Thailand is one of the specific destinations for good affordable food. Italy is also known for its rich culinary history and people from all over the world make it here to eat unique pizza and pasta.

But food tourists can also travel by themselves. To be considered a food tourist, travelers have to specifically set out to a certain destination for its food. But food tourists can also be found inside the country. Seattle and New York are cities with a rich culinary history.

Texas is known as the state to be in when it comes to stakes. People travel to these locations to eat the best foods as made by those with cooking experience.

Food tourists are also responsible for making various restaurants famous. For example, some of the best Michelin-star restaurants in Spain and the world are located in often isolated locations in small towns and even in villages.

Food tourists travel long distances to reach these restaurants. Once there, they get to eat the food made by famous chefs and they often taste delicious meals made with entirely local ingredients. These tourists are generally known for a culinary passion.

9. Generalists

Generalist tourists are a combination of all types of tourists. These travelers set out to a certain destination with an open mind to experience as much as it has to offer. A generalist tourist can look at a certain style of architecture one day and be interested in the food of a city the next day.

All generalist tourists are typically looking into a holiday experience. This means accommodation and even traveling to multiple places within the region is of interest.

Most holidaymakers are generalists. They travel to different locations with a plan to see its tourist attractions, check out its museums, and even get immersed in unique experiences.

Generalist tourism isn’t characterized by traveling to certain destinations or in a given timeframe. It is characterized by the general will to travel. This is why it can look very different from one tourist to another.

Those who like to travel often describe themselves as tourists, but this generally involves being a generalist tourist.

10. Holiday tourists

Holiday tourists are those travelers that mainly go on holidays when traveling. A holiday is typically a period of at least a few days to relax away from home. Holiday tourists are the most popular type of travelers, especially among families.

Holidays are planned once or multiple times per year and this means taking time away from work and typical chores to travel.

You can see holiday tourists especially around resorts, beaches, camps, and all other locations typically associated as touristy. Florida is a good example of a holiday tourist state. It attracts people from all around the world who say the visit to the sunny state is a ‘holiday’.

The English expression ‘I holiday in’ refers to taking a yearly vacation in a certain location. This is why holiday tourists are those travelers who are typically on a longer vacation, typically the summer vacation which is the longest for most.

Holiday tourists can travel both by themselves and in groups. A holiday can be taken as a way to relax for health purposes. A doctor can recommend going on a holiday for patients under constant stress. Going on holiday is seen as taking a few days up to a few weeks off to relax completely and to have the occasion to reduce stress by worrying less.

Those on holiday are typically using the term in different situations. But their expressions can sometimes be confusing. ‘Holiday food’ is the food made at home, typically during religious celebrations such as Christmas or Easter. Holiday food is rarely used to refer to the meals consumed while away on a summer holiday.

11. International tourists

Most tourists are willing to travel to almost any location. But among general travelers, there’s a distinct category only willing to travel abroad. Many reasons make international tourists only consider holidaying abroad.

Among them is the experience of visiting most tourist attractions in their own countries. Another reason can be the appeal of a certain destination, particularly for its popularity.

International travel is at an all-time high in recent years. With the advent of low-cost air travel companies, the opportunities and the cost of international travel are in the favor of travelers. A large percentage of international tourists are planning their holidays accordingly as this is the type of travel that mostly rewards those who plan.

The perks of proper planning for international tourists include finding the lowest airplane ticket fares and the best accommodation prices. International travel can also be subject to extensive paperwork such as visa applications, proof of income, proof of residency, etc. While highly rewarding, international tourism can also require a bit more preparation than domestic tourism.

International tourists are also some of the most open when it comes to travel destinations. From the classic locations such as France and Spain to the most remote international travel locations such as Iceland, these travelers are typically willing to make an effort to reach the destination.

One of the perks of international travel is getting immersed in different cultures. This can be a bit more difficult to achieve with domestic travel. Major travel channels now recommend remote international travel due to the current pandemic. This is why Antarctica is one of the most remote international travel locations that gets recommended today.

12. Leisure tourists

Leisure tourists are a type of generalist travelers. These tourists are interested in taking a break from reality, seeing new places, eating new foods, experiencing new adventures, but without sacrificing rest and comfort.

Unlike backpackers or adventure tourists, leisure tourists also feel the need to relax while traveling. This is what makes them even more interested in locations with good accommodation options.

Leisure tourists are generally characterized by a slower pace of travel compared to adventure tourists. They like visiting the most popular touristic areas in their destination. Cultural experiences can’t be overlooked by these tourists as well.

Apart from visiting landmarks, leisure tourists also appreciate good diverse food options. All in all, these types of tourists are among the most proficient when it comes to making the most of a trip and coming back come reinvigorated.

13. Medical tourists

Medical tourists are known as patients who travel for healthcare purposes. Both incoming and outgoing patients have been increasing in the US. There are a few factors that influence these two trends.

Incoming patients to the US are typically those coming for a very specific medical intervention. The high number of specialized doctors in the US makes it an attractive country for those coming from smaller countries where there isn’t a great selection of doctors or where there are no proven interventions for a certain condition.

Outgoing US patients are leaving for other smaller countries to get cheaper and often free medical healthcare. Medical insurance costs are constantly rising in the US and this makes it the country almost impossible to get medical treatment for those with a certain condition that isn’t covered by insurance.

US citizens prefer to travel as little as possible to get medical healthcare. Most don’t head to Europe but rather to Central and South America. Costa Rica is the main destination for US medical tourists. Patients head to the country for a few weeks and even for a few months. They might be recommended a rest period under supervision for a certain medical intervention.

The number one reason for US medical tourists outside of the country is dentistry work. All dentistry interventions in the US are considered among the most expensive in the world. It’s a routine to see US citizens traveling abroad only for a few days to get work done on teeth and for other oral care interventions.

Mexico is another popular destination for US citizens seeking to travel to get better healthcare. The proximity of the country, its low prices, and high numbers of doctors and clinics make it a viable option for medical tourists.

While further away from the US, India is also a top destination for medical tourists. Doctors here are some of the best-trained in the world. Since most also speak English, their medical services become tempting to US citizens. Singapore also gets a high influx of US medical tourists. Some of the world’s largest hospitals and some of the top-level doctors here make the small country highly attractive for patients who need complex medical treatment from around the world.

14. Reflective tourists

Reflective tourists are characterized by the wish to travel and learn. It can be said learning has multiple faces in the case of these travelers. Tourists can travel to learn more about a place but they mostly travel to learn more about their heritage, where they come from, and the culture of their genealogy.

Europe is the main destination for reflective tourism. The continent has been known for waves of mass-level migration, especially to North and South America. This is why a rising number of reflective tourists make their way to Europe each year.

But what do these tourists do that others don’t? Reflective tourists are normally interested in culture hotspots. They visit museums, churches, theatres, exhibitions, stadiums, etc. These are all part of a wider spectrum of cultural attractions.

But reflective tourists can also dig a bit deeper into their family’s history. They might even visit local administration to get a trace of their lost relatives and get in contact to learn more about their family’s genealogy.

Reflective tourists are increasing in places such as Spain and Italy. Largely impacted by mass migration over a century ago and even today, these countries have been the main attraction for reflective tourists from the US, Canada, and Argentina.

Many of these countries even have tourism agencies specialized in offering services for reflective tourists on discovery or rediscovery trips.

15. Religious tourists

Religious tourists are one of the largest groups of travelers. These types of tourists are normally interested in heritage historic places of worship tied to their religion. Religious tourism is growing year by year but it isn’t new. Old pilgrimages were made thousands of years ago such as the Camino de Santiago in Spain.

Religious tourists can be split according to specific religions and branches within a religion. Jews are normally interested in traveling to Israel. Even Jews who aren’t into tourism are typically interested in visiting Israel at least once.

Jews also travel to other Jewish communities around the world frequently. They can even pitch in to build new Synagogues around the world or to restore historic places of worship.

Christians travel to Israel as well. They visit Jerusalem and Bethlehem mostly, without any particular interest in larger cities such as Tel Aviv. Christians also visit cathedrals, churches, and monasteries around the world.

Christian tour operators organized different circuit visits to specific countries where tourists get to see some of the most important Christian landmarks of the area.

Furthermore, Christians also organized mass pilgrimage events around the world. Other popular Christian destinations include The Vatican, especially for Catholic Christians.

Millions of Muslims visit Mecca each year. The celebrations here are normally held throughout the year. Located in Saudi Arabia, Mecca is a place of worship with strict rules. Pilgrims here aren’t allowed to drink alcohol, according to Muslim tradition.

16. Rural tourists

Rural tourists are normally interested in traditional villages. These types of tourists exist around the world. Rural tourism is completely dead in some areas around the world but it is also very popular in other areas.

Locronan in the Frances Britany region is the country’s main rural hotspot. It enjoys easy access from mainland Europe. Broad Campden in England’s Gloucestershire region is one of the most visited classic villages in the country and the world.

Its small streets, traditional homes, and relaxed way of life make it a high attraction for many of those interested in traveling away from large cities.

The perks of rural tourism include a slower way of traveling. It also allows tourists to meet the locals and improve socializing opportunities. Staying in rural areas also means enjoying different hotels. Far away from cities, the rural hotel often offers more wide-open spaces which encourage walks and time spent outdoors.

Rural tourists also have a few drawbacks to face. For example, there are not many great public transport links to some small villages around the world. This is why renting a car is often a must when it comes to making it to some of these remote towns and villages.

Rural tourism depends on your means of transport but this is what also protects it from becoming overly popular to a dangerous extent.

17. Romantic tourists

Romantic tourists are some of the most relaxed when it comes to traveling. It’s often as much about the journey as it is about the destination with these tourists. Most couples into romantic tourism love gateways.

This is why those into this type of travel typically love to get out more, to explore, and not to be rushed as being away on holiday is all that matters.

Paris is the capital of romantic tourism. Walking the streets of this city is almost an experience worth the trip on its own. With plenty of romantic sights and great street-side cafes, couples can get to spend more time together in a relaxed atmosphere here.

Venice is another popular hotspot for couples. This is where tourists come to experience romantic gondola rides. Almost all of the couples here come to see the canals of the city. But there are plenty of other attractions for these tourists here.

Romantic tourists typically holiday through the year. According to tradition, the honeymoon is the most sought after the period for romantic gateways. Newlywed couples typically go away for a few weeks on the honeymoon, typically to one or multiple romantic destinations.

The specifics of this type of tourism are tied to accommodation requirements, good food, possible shopping opportunities, and the ability to go on long walks. Since romantic tourists like long walks, the most important aspect when choosing a destination is safety, especially for evening time walks.

18. Senior tourists

Seniors love to travel. Since they’ve reached an age when they don’t have to take care of the children or when they don’t have to go to work, seniors can often go on longer holidays further away from home.

Tourism for seniors is increasing in popularity. Two separate types of tourists can be found among them. Couples and group senior tourists are the two main types of travelers seen among the elderly.

Senior couples prefer romantic relaxing locations. Being out in nature or even visiting some of the most important tourist cities around the world are attractive proposals to senior tourists.

Group senior tourists are also popular. Seen in every large city around the world, these groups travel together, they eat in the same places, and they visit the same attractions.

The benefits of traveling in groups as seniors include better safety, the opportunity to socialize, a pre-planned trip, and plenty of opportunities to have fun.

19. Slow-paced tourists

Slow-paced tourists are travelers who like to stay more in a certain location. Instead of spending two days in a city or village, these tourists can spend up to a week in a location. Slow-paced tourism can expand to holidays that take up to a month or even two months.

The benefits of slow-paced tourism are that it allows further discovery opportunities and more socializing opportunities. Slow-paced tourism is ideal for those interested in a cultural or discovery type of experience.

Villages in Germany are known for slow-paced tourism. People come here to see various traditions. They see livestock and farming that typically requires a slower pace of travel.

The benefits of slow travel are that it allows a deeper understanding of a certain culture. But even these types of travelers can be split into multiple sub-categories.

For example, slow-paced tourists can be interested in only visiting a country in appreciation for a certain personality. Slow-paced tourism developed the sub-niche of Shakespeare fans tourism in England.

20. Special interest tourists

Special interest tourists generally visit a location for one thing only. This can be anything from a sports adventure opportunity or to visit a famous landmark. Examples of special interest tourists are seen all across the world.

Most special interests are tied to a historic location, a sports occasion, an individual, or a religious significance place. For example, tourists only go to Santiago de Compostela to visit the city’s cathedral. The same one-attraction or one-activity type of tourism is seen all around the world.

21. Sports tourists

Sports tourism is at an all-time high. This type of tourism isn’t new, but the rise of sports and sports personalities makes people travel. Sports tourists often travel with their teams. Baseball fans and football fans often travel to support their teams.

But these tourists can also travel without a specific sporting event in mind. They can travel to see stadiums or they can travel to see important places in sports.

One of the most visited stadiums in the world is Camp Nou in Barcelona. This is the home of the most popular sports team in the world, FC Barcelona. The stadium sees millions of tourists per year. A large number of them only come here to see the stadium and the place where their favorite football players play.

Sports tourism has plenty to offer all around the world. The second most popular football team in the world is FC Liverpool. Its stadium is normally visited by thousands of tourists and football fans from around the world even when it’s not a match day. Groups are split into hourly visits and they get to visit the stadium in a 1-hour tour.

But the most important type of sports tourists is the traveler going to a certain event. In the US, sports tourists are best represented by Superbowl fans. This is where travelers from all around the country try to reach the finals, an event which is often quite expensive and difficult to get into.

A similar event is seen in Europe with the final Champions League game where sports fans from around the continent fight to get tickets to the event and to fly to the destination stadium for the big game.

The drawbacks of sports tourism are the lack of diversity outside stadiums, sports museums, and sporting events. Most of the tourists interested in a particular part of sports are normally reserved when it comes to traveling for other sports attractions such as small private sports memorabilia collections.

Unlike other tourists, sports tourists are known to spend a lot on events. Most sports events worth traveling for are known for their high ticket prices.

This is why sports fans typically have to start saving sooner compared to other tourists, especially since accommodation prices are higher in the period of a large nearby sporting event.

Saving up is mandatory for these tourists who need to spend more than others to reach a destination.

Related posts:

13 Types of Tourism That You Need to Know

• August 7, 2023

Table of Contents

Welcome, wanderlust seekers and adventure enthusiasts, to a thrilling exploration of the world’s diverse tapestry of tourism! Embark on a captivating journey as we unveil the tantalising realm of travel, introducing you to the mesmerising array of types of tourism that will ignite your wanderlust. From the adrenaline-pumping escapades of adventure tourism to the enriching experiences of cultural and heritage tourism, we delve deep into each captivating category, revealing the hidden gems, unique opportunities, and travel solutions that await you.

 Whether you’re a passionate foodie yearning for culinary delights or an eco-conscious traveller seeking sustainable adventures, our comprehensive guide will unlock the secrets to immersing yourself in the rich tapestry of travel. So pack your bags, unleash your curiosity, and join Qoni Travel as we unravel the thrilling world of 13 different types of tourism you need to know about!

13 Types of Tourism

Adventure tourism.

Embarking on an awe-inspiring escapade filled with adrenaline-fueled thrills is the ultimate recipe for infusing your travel adventures with excitement. Adventure tourism, the realm where extraordinary tales are born, encompasses an array of heart-pounding activities. From the intrepid pursuit of conquering majestic peaks through hiking and mountaineering to the audacious ascent of vertical cliffs during rock climbing expeditions, the possibilities for daring exploits are boundless. 

For those who possess an insatiable appetite for exhilaration, the heart-stopping leap of faith in bungee jumping or the wild ride down untamed rapids in white-water rafting are exhilarating options that promise to set pulses racing. Adventure tourism, a siren call to intrepid souls, offers the chance to revel in unforgettable experiences amidst breathtaking natural landscapes, satisfying the yearning for extraordinary encounters and leaving an indelible imprint on the adventurous spirit within.

Cultural Tourism

Cultural tourism emerges as an irresistible allure for wanderers seeking to unravel the rich heritage that unfurls before them. This enchanting form of exploration beckons travellers to step into a realm of boundless wonders, where they traverse the hallowed halls of museums, trace the footprints of history at ancient sites, marvel at the brushstrokes of artistic genius within vibrant galleries, and partake in the rhythmic dance of time-honoured festivals that awaken the senses. 

Eco-Tourism

In the past few years, a remarkable surge in consciousness about the significance of sustainable travel practices has emerged. Embracing this movement, eco-tourism has emerged as a captivating way to immerse oneself in the wonders of the natural world while meticulously safeguarding its delicate balance. 

Drawing adventurers to breathtaking national parks, serene nature reserves, and hallowed protected areas, eco-tourism enthusiasts enthusiastically partake in eco-friendly activities, such as observing magnificent wildlife, marvelling at feathered wonders, and embarking on enlightening nature walks. With each step, these mindful explorers tread lightly, ensuring that their footprints leave no lasting scars while simultaneously nurturing their connection to the awe-inspiring tapestry of life.

Through this immersive odyssey, cultural tourism serves as a gateway to enlightenment, allowing intrepid souls to embrace the intricacies of local customs, traditions, and the very essence of existence while nurturing a profound cross-cultural empathy and an unwavering appreciation for the beauty that lies within the tapestry of humanity.

Sustainable Tourism

Sustainable tourism goes hand in hand with eco-tourism, significantly emphasising conscientious and mindful travel practices that prioritise environmental preservation, uphold local communities and foster socio-economic growth. By opting for eco-friendly accommodations, supporting locally owned enterprises, and actively participating in community-based tourism projects, sustainable tourism catalyses preserving our invaluable natural wonders and cultural legacies, ensuring their unspoiled existence for generations to come.

Wellness Tourism

Amid our modern, high-speed existence, wellness tourism emerges as a blissful sanctuary, beckoning individuals to rediscover harmony within their minds, bodies, and spirits. Embracing an ethos of tranquillity and self-nurturing, this captivating form of travel encompasses an array of activities designed to alleviate stress, restore vitality, and enhance personal growth. 

Encountering a world of possibilities, wellness tourists embark on transformative journeys, seeking solace in serene spa retreats, immersing themselves in the serene embrace of yoga and meditation centres, indulging in the lavish comforts of wellness resorts, and embracing the transformative power of healing retreats. With wellness tourism, holistic well-being becomes a destination and a transformative expedition that transcends the boundaries of time and space.

Culinary Tourism

Indulge your taste buds and embark on a tantalising journey with culinary tourism, an adventure tailored for avid food lovers seeking to immerse themselves in the rich tapestry of flavours and culinary customs across the globe. Prepare for a mouthwatering experience as you partake in captivating food tours, where every bite unlocks the secrets of local cuisines and cooking classes that reveal the artistry behind cherished recipes. 

Let your senses dance as you savour regional delicacies, uncover the historical and cultural significance woven into each dish, and witness the transformative power of food as it bridges the gap between diverse communities. With culinary tourism, every destination becomes a delectable playground waiting to be explored, ensuring a truly unforgettable and palate-pleasing voyage.

Historical Tourism

Step back in time and embark on a captivating journey through the annals of the past with historical tourism. This enticing adventure beckons history enthusiasts and inquisitive globetrotters alike. Immerse yourself in the tapestry of bygone eras as you traverse ancient ruins, wander through majestic castles, explore awe-inspiring archaeological sites, and meander through heritage cities that whisper tales of yore. 

Unravel the secrets and significance of monumental events and iconic landmarks as every step unveils the captivating stories and the vibrant heritage that have shaped the world we know today. Historical tourism is your gateway to a remarkable fusion of discovery and reverence, offering a chance to unlock the mysteries of history and forge an unbreakable bond with the past.

Wildlife Tourism

Enthrals the hearts of passionate nature lovers and devoted animal enthusiasts, captivating them with the extraordinary allure of the natural realm. Embracing many exhilarating activities, from riveting safaris to stunning whale watching, this immersive experience transports individuals to ethereal bird sanctuaries and enlightening animal conservation centres. Amidst these ventures, one is blessed with the extraordinary privilege of beholding an exquisite tapestry of diverse wildlife species in their untamed habitats, fostering a deep connection and igniting a genuine commitment to the noble cause of conservation.

Religious Tourism

Is a captivating journey that immerses travellers in destinations with spiritual significance. It encompasses diverse experiences, from embarking on pilgrimages to revered holy sites to partaking in profound religious ceremonies. By venturing into these sacred realms, pilgrims and seekers of faith embark on a soul-stirring quest to strengthen their connection to their beliefs. As they traverse the enchanting landscapes, they marvel at awe-inspiring sacred architecture that is a testament to human devotion.

From the majestic Vatican City, home to the spiritual heart of the Catholic world, to the sacred and revered Mecca, drawing millions of devout Muslims every year, or the ancient and captivating Angkor Wat temple complex, religious tourism serves as a gateway to profound encounters with divine history, offering an unforgettable odyssey of faith and spirituality.

Educational Tourism

Embark on an extraordinary journey where the pursuit of knowledge intertwines with the allure of travel. Step beyond the walls of conventional classrooms and delve into the captivating realm of educational tourism. Immerse yourself in a tapestry of enlightening encounters as you traverse the halls of renowned educational institutions, wander amidst the whispers of history at awe-inspiring sites, and unveil the treasures within the hallowed halls of museums. Engage in immersive workshops and cultural exchange programs, fostering a vibrant tapestry of understanding and appreciation. Through educational tourism, watch as your horizons expand, your perspectives deepen, and the fire of lifelong learning is kindled within your soul.

Sports Tourism

This extraordinary form of travel allows passionate sports enthusiasts to fuse their love for athletics with unforgettable journeys. Whether you’re a spectator at thrilling sporting events, a contender in heart-pounding competitions, or an adventurer seeking sports-themed vacations, sports tourism offers an unparalleled opportunity to ignite your passion. Picture yourself bellowing cheers for your beloved team at the grandeur of the World Cup or gracefully gliding down awe-inspiring slopes as you ski through breathtaking landscapes. Get ready for a rollercoaster of exhilaration and exploration as sports tourism unlocks a world of electrifying experiences you won’t miss.

Volunteer Tourism

Discover the remarkable realm of volunteer tourism, a captivating adventure where intrepid explorers can leave a lasting mark while embarking on thrilling journeys to uncharted destinations. This extraordinary endeavour entails actively engaging in awe-inspiring community service projects, conservation endeavours, and humanitarian initiatives. As you immerse yourself in this transformative experience, an enchanting tapestry of cultural exchange unfolds, igniting profound empathy and fostering personal growth. Embark on this global quest to revolutionise lives and empower communities, embracing the boundless possibilities of volunteer tourism to create a brighter future for all.

Medical Tourism

Is an exhilarating blend of healthcare and adventure that entices individuals to embark on an international voyage in pursuit of top-notch medical care and exclusive procedures. It encompasses the exciting concept of jetting off to foreign lands, where one can embrace high-quality medical services without breaking the bank or discovering cutting-edge treatments that remain elusive within their homelands. With medical tourism , the boundaries of healing are surpassed as patients traverse borders, unlocking a world of possibilities for their well-being.

In a world bursting with wanderlust seekers and adventure enthusiasts, our thrilling exploration of the diverse tapestry of tourism has come to an exhilarating conclusion. Throughout this captivating journey, we have unveiled the tantalising realm of travel, introducing you to the mesmerising array of 13 types of tourism that ignite the flames of wanderlust within. From heart-pounding escapades in adventure tourism to the profound immersion in cultural and heritage tourism, each category has taken us deep into a world of hidden gems and unique opportunities. 

Whether you’re a passionate foodie yearning for culinary delights or an eco-conscious traveller seeking sustainable adventures, our comprehensive guide has unlocked the secrets to immersing yourself in the rich tapestry of travel. As you pack your bags and unleash your curiosity, remember that the world awaits, ready to unravel the thrilling world of these 13 types of tourism you need to know about. So, embark on this transformative journey, and let the wanderlust within guide you to the extraordinary experiences that await, leaving an indelible imprint on your adventurous spirit. Stay tuned with Qoni Travel for more information.

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Tourism – Definition, Types & Forms, History & Importance of Tourism

Tourism is one of the world’s fastest-growing industries and a major foreign exchange and employment generation for many countries. It is one of the most remarkable economic and social phenomena.

The word ‘tour’ is derived from the Latin word tornus, meaning ‘a tool for making a circle.’ Tourism may be defined as the movement of people from their usual place of residence to another place ( with the intention to return) for a minimum period of twenty-four hours to a maximum of six months for the sole purpose of leisure and pleasure.

According to WTO (1993), ” Tourism encompasses the activities of persons traveling and staying in places outside their usual environment for not more than one consecutive year for leisure, business, and other purposes.”

The Rome conference on tourism in 1963 defined tourism as ‘ a visit to a country other than one’s own or where one usually resides and works. This definition, however, did not take into account domestic tourism, which has become a vital money-spinner and job generator for the hospitality industry.

The UNWTO defines tourists as ‘ people who travel to and stay in place outside their usual environment for not more than one consecutive year for leisure, business and other purposes not related to the exercise of an activity remunerated from within the place visited.

According to the Tourism Society of Britain ,” tourism is the temporary short-period movement of people to destination outside the places where they usually live, work; and activities during their stay at these destinations.” This definition includes the movement of people for all purposes.

The development of technology and transportation infrastructure, such as jumbos jets, low-cost airlines, and more accessible airports, have made tourism affordable and convenient. There have been changes in lifestyle – for example, now retiree-age people sustain tourism around the year. The sale of tourism products on the internet, besides the aggressive marketing of the tour operators and travel agencies , has also contributed to the growth of tourism.

27 September is celebrated as world tourism every year. This date was chosen as on that day in 1970, the Statutes of UNWTO were adopted. The purpose of this day is to raise awareness of the role of tourism within the international community.

History of Travel and Tourism

Inbound tourism, outbound tourism, domestic tourism, forms of tourism, classification of tourism, nature of tourism, importance of tourism, economic impacts, social impacts, cultural impacts, environmental impact, industries related to tourism, tourism products.

Travel is as old as mankind on earth. At the beginning of his existence, man roamed about the planet’s surface in search of food, shelter, security, and better habitat. However, with time, such movements were transformed into wanderlust.

About five thousand years ago, climate changes, dwindling food and shelter conditions hostile invaders made the people leave their homes to seek refuge elsewhere like the Aryans left their homes in Central Asia due to climate changes. Perhaps, this leads to the development of commerce, trade, and industry.

Religion, education, and cultural movement began during the Hindu and Chinese civilizations. Christian missionaries, Buddhist monks, and others traveled far and wide carrying religious messages and returned with fantastic images and opinions about alien people.

For centuries movement of people continued to grow due to the efficiency of transport and the assistance and safety with which the people could travel. By the end of the 15th century, Italy had become Europe’s intellectual and cultural center. It represented the classical heritage both for the intelligentsia and the aristocracy.

During the 16th century, travel came to be considered an essential part of the education of every young Englishman. Travel thus became a means of self-development and education in its broadest sense. The educational travel was known as the ‘ Grand Tour .’

The industrial revolution brought about significant changes in the pattern and structure of British society. Thus, the economy of Britain was greatly responsible for the beginning of modern tourism. It also created a large and prosperous middle class. Because of remarkable improvement in transportation systems in the latter half of the 18th century and the first quarter of the 19th century, an increasing number of people began to travel for pleasure.

Travel was inspired initially by the need for survival (food, shelter, and security), the desire to expand trade, and the quest to conquer. As the transportation system improved, the curiosity for transforming the vast and virgin world into a close neighborhood created a new industry, i.e., Travel and Tourism .

However, the developments of rails, roads, steamships, automobiles, and airplanes helped to spread technology across the globe. Earlier travel was a privilege only for wealthy people, but with the industrial revolution, the scenario altogether changed. Transportation, as well as accommodation, became affordable to middle and working-class citizens.

Essentially, with the development of jet travel, communication, new technology, tourism, and travel became the world’s largest and fastest-growing industry.

Travel and tourism have recently emerged as a dominant economic force on the global scene, accounting for more than 12% of total world trade and growing at 8 percent annually.

Types of Tourism

Tourism has two types and many forms based on the purpose of visit and alternative forms of tourism. Tourism can be categorized as international and domestic tourism .

Tourism has two types and various forms. Based on the movement of people, tourism is categorized into two kinds. These are the following:

International Tourism

When people visit a foreign country, it is referred to as International Tourism . To travel to a foreign country, one needs a valid passport, visa, health documents, foreign exchange, etc.

International tourism is divided into two types; Inbound Tourism & Outbound Tourism.

This refers to tourists of outside origin entering a particular country. Traveling outside their host/native country to another country is called inbound tourism for the country where they are traveling. For example, when a tourist of Indian origin travels to Japan, it is  Inbound tourism for Japan because foreign tourists come to Japan.

This refers to tourists traveling from the country of their origin to another country. When tourists travel to a foreign region, it is outbound tourism for their own country because they are going outside their country. For example, when a tourist from India travels to Japan, it is outbound tourism for India and Inbound tourism for Japan.

The tourism activity of the people within their own country is known as domestic tourism . Traveling within the same country is easier because it does not require formal travel documents and tedious formalities like compulsory health checks and foreign exchange. A traveler generally does not face many language problems or currency exchange issues in domestic tourism.

Tourism has various forms based on the purpose of the visit and alternative forms. These are further divided into many types according to their nature. Forms of tourism are the following:

Some most basic forms of tourism are the following:

• Adventure Tourism
• Atomic Tourism
• Bicycle Tours
• Beach Tourism
• Cultural Tourism
• Industrial Tourism
• Medical Tourism
• Religious Tourism
• Rural Tourism
• Sex Tourism
• Space Tourism
• Sports Tourism
• Sustainable Tourism
• Virtual Tourism
• War Tourism
• Wildlife Tourism

Tourism can be classified into six distinct categories according to the purpose of travel. These are the following:

1) Recreational : Recreational or leisure tourism takes a person away from the humdrum of everyday life. In this case, people spend their leisure time in the hills, sea beaches, etc.

2) Cultural tourism satisfies cultural and intellectual curiosity and involves visits to ancient monuments, places of historical or religious importance, etc.

3) Sports/Adventure : Trips taken by people with a view to playing golf, skiing and hiking, fall within this category.

4) Health : Under this category, people travel for medical, treatment or visit places where there are curative possibilities, for example, hot springs, spa yoga, etc.

5) Convention Tourism : It is becoming an increasingly important component of travel. People travel within a country or overseas to attend conventions relating to their business, profession, or interest.

6) Incentive Tourism : Holiday trips are offered as incentives by major companies to dealers and salesmen who achieve high targets in sales. This is a new and expanding phenomenon in tourism, These are in lieu of cash incentives or gifts, Today incentive tourism is a 3 billion dollar business in the USA alone.

Tourism as a socio-economic phenomenon comprises the activities and experiences of tourists and visitors away from their home environment and are serviced by the travel and tourism industry and host destination. The sum total of this activity experience and services can be seen as a tourism product.

The tourism system can be described in terms of supply and demand. Tourism planning should strive for a balance between demands and supply. This requires an understanding not only of market characteristics and trends but also of the planning process to meet the market needs.

Often tourists from core generating markets are identified as the demand side; the supply side includes all facilities, programs, attractions, and land uses designed and managed for the visitors. These supply-side factors may be under the control of private enterprises, non-profit organizations, and the government. New and innovative forms of partnerships are also evolving to ensure the sustainable development and management of tourism-related resources.

The supply and demand side can be seen to be linked by flows of resources such as capital, labor, goods, and tourist expenditures into the destination, and flows of marketing, promotion, tourist artifacts, and experiences from the destination back into the tourist generating region.

In addition, some tourist expenditures may leak back into the visitors generating areas through repatriation of profits of foreign tourism investors and payment for improved goods and services provided to tourists at the destination. Transportation provides an important linkage both to and from the destination.

For planning purposes, the major components that comprise the supply side are:

• Various modes of transportation and other tourism-related infrastructure.
• Tourist information.
• Marketing and promotion.
• The community of communities within the visitor’s destination area.
• The political and institutional frameworks for enabling tourism.

The tourism system is both dynamic and complex due to many factors linked to it and because of the existence of many sectors contributing to its success. These factors and sectors are linked to the provision of the tourist experience and the generation of tourism revenue and markets .

The dynamic nature of the tourism system makes it imperative to scan the external and internal environment of the destinations on a regular basis so as to make changes when necessary to ensure a healthy and viable tourism industry.

Thus, it is now an accepted fact that tourism development can no longer work in isolation of the environment and the local communities, nor can it ignore the social and cultural consequences of tourism.

Tourism and hospitality , which are inextricably linked to each other, are among the major revenue-earning enterprises in the world. They happen to be among the top employers too. There has been an upmarket trend in tourism over the last few decades as travel has become quite common. People travel for business, vacation, pleasure, adventure, or even medical treatments.

Tourism constitutes an important industry today. It has opened up new vistas for the play of economic emancipation. It provides a very potent contribution by strengthening and developing the financial resources of a country. Moreover, it is a process in which mutual material and mental benefits occur. Furthermore,

• Tourism fetches foreign exchange in the form of invisible exports, which results in the manifold progress of the nation.
• Tourism generates jobs. These employments are the main contribution of tourism to generating national income. But one should remember that employment in the tourism industry is often seasonal.
• Tourism often leads to the commercialization of art forms and especially handicrafts. Art items with cultural or religious meaning are sought by tourists as souvenirs. As more and more tourists visit a destination, souvenir production has increased, often leading to mass production. This production also generates income.

With several business-related activities associated with tourism, the industry has a tremendous potential to generate employment as well as earn foreign exchange. Many countries, such as Mauritius, Malaysia, Singapore, Fiji, and the Caribbean, whose economies are primarily driven by tourism. Tourism can contribute to the economic growth of a country in the followings ways:

Employment Generation

It creates a large number of jobs among direct services providers (such as hotels , restaurants, travel agencies , tour operators , guide and tour escorts, etc.) and among indirect services providers (such as suppliers to the hotels and restaurants, supplementary accommodation, etc.)

Infrastructure Development

Tourism spurs infrastructure development. In order to become an important commercial or pleasure destination, any location would require all the necessary infrastructure, like good connectivity via rail, road, and air transport , adequate accommodation, restaurants, a well-developed telecommunication network, and, medical facilities, among others.

Foreign Exchange

The people who travel to other countries spend a large amount of money on accommodation, transportation, sightseeing, shopping, etc. Thus, an inbound tourist is an important source of foreign exchange for any country.

The World Travel and Tourism Council (WTTC) predict in 1997 that the twenty-first-century economy would be dominated by three industries: telecommunications, information technology, and tourism. The travel and tourism industry has grown by 500 percent in the last 25 years.

Now withstanding this bright outlook and prospects, the tourism and hospitality industries are very vulnerable to the fluctuations of national economies and happenings in the world, especially terrorist attacks that have at times dealt severe blows to business.

In recent years, there have been a few setbacks in tourism, such as the terrorist siege of the Taj and Oberoi in Mumbai, India (26 November 2008); the attack on the World Trade Centre in the United States of America (11 September 2001); bombing in a hotel on the Indonesian island of Bali (12 October 2002); tsunami in Southeast Asia and South Asia on 26 December 2004, in which thousands of the lives where lost and consequently tourism was hit. Nonetheless, the sector is now getting back to business.

Impacts of Tourism

Tourism is a multi-dimensional activity. The scope of tourism activities is so wide and varied that it cannot be restricted to any particular field of activity. Tourism has ramifications in almost all sectors and is influenced by the performance of each of these sectors directly or indirectly. Tourism in any country can be an apt reflection of the nation’s economic and social endowment apart from its natural wealth.

Tourism has vast potential to bring about changes in the country’s economic, environmental, societal, and cultural edifice. Tourism has two basics: the supply of facilities and the demand for participation. The twin market forces of supply and demand interact to produce tourism patterns. These patterns are associated with economic, social, cultural, environmental, and ecological impacts.

Establishing or developing a tourism industry involves expenditure, gains, costs, and benefits. If these impacts are considered from the outset of planning, strengths and opportunities can be maximized while weaknesses and threats can be minimized.

Each destination will be different in terms of tourism characteristics . The cost and benefits of tourism will vary in each destination and can change over time, depending on tourism and other activities in a destination’s local and regional context.

Tourism activities impact the economy of the country as well as the local economy of the destination.

Economics Benefits

• Tourism generates local employment, directly in the tourism sector and in the support and resource management sectors.
• Tourism stimulates profitable domestic industries, hotels and other lodging facilities, restaurants and food services, transportation systems, handicrafts, and guide services.
• Tourism generates foreign exchange for the country and injects capital and new money into the local economy.
• Tourism helps to diversify the local economy.
• Improved tourism infrastructure.
• Increase tax revenues from tourism.

Economic Costs

• Higher demand created by tourism activity may increase the price of land, housing, and a range of commodities necessary for daily life.
• Demands for health services provision and police service increase during the tourist seasons at the expense of the local tax base.

Tourism also affects the society of the destination in good as well as bad ways. It benefits and costs the local communities.

Social Benefits

• The quality of a community can be enhanced by economic diversification through tourism.
• Recreational and cultural facilities created for tourism can be used by local communities as well as domestic/international visitors.
• Public space may be developed and enhanced through tourism activity.
• Tourism Enhances the local community’s esteem and provides an opportunity for greater understanding and communication among people of diverse backgrounds.

Social Costs

• Rapid tourism growth can result in the inability of local amenities and institutions to meet service demands.
• Without proper planning and management, litter, vandalism, and crime often accompany tourism development.
• Tourism can bring overcrowding and traffic congestion.
• Visitors bring with them material wealth and apparent freedom. The youths of the host community are particularly susceptible to the economic expectations these tourists bring which can result in complete disruption of traditional community ways of life.
• The community structure may change, e.g. community bonds, demographics, and institutions.
• The authenticity of the social and cultural environment can be changed to meet tourism demands.

Tourism activities also affect the culture of the host country. There are many positive and negative cultural impacts of tourism.

Cultural Benefits

• Tourism can enhance local cultural awareness.
• Tourism can generate revenue to help pay for the preservation of archaeological sites, historic buildings, and districts.
• Despite criticism about the alteration of cultures to unacceptable levels, the sharing of cultural knowledge and experience can be beneficial for hosts and guests of tourism destinations and can result in the revival of local traditions and crafts.

Cultural Costs

• Youth in the community begin to emulate the speech and attire of tourists.
• Historic sites can be damaged through tourism development and pressures.
• There can be long-term damage to cultural traditions and the erosion of cultural values, resulting in cultural change beyond a level acceptable to the host destination.

Tourism impacts the environment in positive as well as negative ways. These impacts are following below.

Environmental Benefits

• Parks and nature preserves may be created and ecological preservation supported as a necessity for nature-based tourism.
• Improved waste management can be achieved.
• Increased awareness and concern for the environment can result from nature-based tourism activities and development.

Environmental Costs

• A negative change in the physical integrity of the area.
• Rapid development, over-development, and overcrowding can forever change the physical environment and ecosystems of an area.
• Degradation of parks and preserves.

Over the years, tourism has become a popular global activity. Depending upon the nature and purpose of their travel, tourists, need and demand certain facilities and services. This has given rise to a wide range of commercial activities that have acquired industry proportions. Thus travel and tourism nowadays represent a broad range of related industries.

Hotels are a commercial establishment that provides accommodation, meals, and other guest services. In the travel and tourism industry, the hotel industry plays a very significant role, as all tourists need a place to stay at their destinations, and require many more services and facilities to suit their specific needs and tastes.

Restaurants

Restaurants are retail establishments that serve prepared food and beverages to customers. In the travel and tourism industry, restaurants and other food and beverage outlets are very important as tourists like to experiment with the local cuisines of the places they are visiting.

Retail and Shopping

The retail industry is very important as tourists shop for their day-to-day necessities as well as look for mementos and souvenirs. In recent years, some cities in the world have been promoted as shopping destinations to attract people with a penchant for shopping by offering various products, such as garments, electronic goods, jewelry, and antiques. New York, Paris, London, and Milan in Italy are famous as fashion havens of the world.

Transportation

It is the movement of people and goods from one place to another. A well-developed transport industry, as well as infrastructure, is integral to the success of any travel and tourism enterprise.

Travel Agencies

A travel agency is a retailing business that sells travel-related products and services, particularly package tours, to customers on the behalf of suppliers such as airlines, car rentals, cruise liners, hotels, railways, and sightseeing.

Travel agencies play a very important role as they plan out the itinerary of their clients and make the necessary arrangements for their travel, stay, and sightseeing, besides facilitating their passport, visa, etc.

Tour Operators

A tour operator assembles the various elements of a tour. It typically combines tour and travel components to create a holiday. Tour operators play an important role in the travel and tourism industry.

Tourist Destinations

A tourist attraction is a place of interest for tourists, typically for its inherent or exhibited cultural value, historical significance, nature or building beauty or amusement opportunities. These are the basic fundamentals of the tourism industry.

Cultural Industries

Cultural or creative industries are responsible for the creation, production, and distribution of goods and services that are cultural in nature and usually protected by intellectual property rights. As tourists like to visit places of cultural significance and soak in the culture of the area, the cultural industry is very important to travel and tourism.

Leisure, Recreation, and Sport

Leisure or free time is a period of time spent out of work and essential domestic activity. Recreation or fun is spending time in a manner designed for therapeutic refreshment of the body or mind. While leisure is more like a form of entertainment or rest, recreation requires active participation in a refreshing and diverting manner.

As people in the world’s wealthier regions lead an increasingly sedentary lifestyle, the need for recreation has increased. These play a significant role in the travel and tourism sector.

A tourism/tourist product can be defined as the sum of the physical and psychological satisfaction it provides to tourists, during their ‘traveling and sojourn’ en route at the destinations.

Since the travel and tourism industry is an agglomeration of too many sectors that promote travel-related services. These sectors are referred to as travel vendors and their services and goods are called ‘travel products’. A tourism product includes five main components such as physical plant, services, hospitality, freedom of choice, and a sense of involvement.

Thus, whatever the natural and man-made resources and services brought about the consumption of tourists are called tourism products .

Charecterstatics Of Tourism Products

By now, you must have understood what a tourism product is. Now let us look at some of its characteristics:-

1) Intangible : Tourism is an intangible product means tourism is such a kind of product that can not be touched or seen and there is no transfer of ownership, But the facilities are available for a specified time and for a specified use. For e.g. a room in the hotel is available for a specified time.

2) Psychological : The main motive to purchase a tourism products is to satisfy the psychological need after using the product, by getting an experience while interacting with a new environment. And experiences also motivate others to purchase that product.

3) Highly Perishable : Tourism product is highly perishable in nature means one can not store the product for a long time. Production and consumption take place while a tourist is available. If the product remains unused, the chances are lost i.e. if tourists do not purchase it.

A travel agent or tour operator who sells a tourism product cannot store it. Production can only take place if the customer is actually present. And once consumption begins, it cannot be stopped, interrupted, or modified. If the product remains unused, the chances are lost i.e. if tourists do not visit a particular place, the opportunity at that time is lost. It is due to tourism reason that heavy discount is offered by hotels and transport-generating organizations during the offseason.

4) Composite Product : Tourist product is a combination of different products. It has not a single entity in itself. In the experience of a visit to a particular place, various service providers contribute like transportation The tourist product cannot be provided by a single enterprise, unlike a manufactured product.

The tourist product covers the complete experience of a visit to a particular place. And many providers contribute to the tourism experience. For instance, the airline supplies seats, a hotel provides rooms and restaurants, travel agents make bookings for stay and sightseeing, etc.

5) Unstable Demand : Tourism demand is influenced by seasonal, economic political, and other factors. There are certain times of the year that see greater demand than others. At these times there is a greater strain on services like hotel bookings, employment, the transport system, etc.

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18 Different Types of Tourism | Globally Accepted

Last few years, tourists and their demands have frequently been changing. Also, the tourism industry is changing based on needs. This article elaborates on different types of tourism, tourists, planning, activities, products, travel , etc. It helps your travel planning as well.

Along with recreation, tourism has become one of the growing industries, and it’s the source of income for many people.

“Life is all about adventure, so pack your bags and start the tour.”

Different Types of Tourism

What is tourism.

Tourism is a process of spending time away from daily routine or home to pursue recreation, relaxation, and pleasure while using the commercial provision of services.

Tourism in a country has many benefits: it creates employment, boosts revenue, develops infrastructure, helps in cultural exchange, etc. Travel duration under tourism must be less than 12 months (a consecutive year).

So, What comes first to mind when we hear the word Tourism?

The most common thought is to pack the rucksack and travel away from day-to-day life. That means the movement of people from their usual residence to another place.

Suppose your friend’s aim for the tour might differ from yours. For example, you may travel for recreation, but he may go for business.

Classification of Tourism

According to the United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO), tourism involves the movement of people in the country’s natural environment or outside the country for personal or other purposes. These different purposes classified the tourism industry in many ways.

This article lists the main tourism classifications: Domestic tourism, International tourism, Business tourism, Adventure tourism, Medical tourism, Educational tourism, etc.

Importance of Tourism – Why is tourism important?

Tourism has a direct impact on any country’s economy. The role of tourism in economic development is important. A vast amount of job possibilities can develop through public relations in tourism. Knowing another state/country’s taste culture is a great filling from a traveler’s perspective.

Mainly how many types of tourism are there

Mainly three types of tourism are found in any country. The classes are domestic tourism, International tourism, and outbound tourism. But nowadays, many types of tourism newly evolved.

18 Different Types of Tourism

The various types of tourism are developed nowadays and become popular; they are:-

• Domestic tourism
• International tourism
• Outbound tourism
• Business tourism
• Adventure tourism
• Wildlife tourism
• Medical tourism
• Wellness tourism
• Pilgrimage and spiritual tourism
• Cultural tourism
• Dark tourism
• Culinary tourism
• Celebrity tourism or Film tourism
• Educational tourism
• Cruise tourism
• Rural tourism
• Beach tourism
• Space tourism

Let’s discuss how many flavors and categories of tourism can be found in any country and accepted globally.

1. Domestic Tourism

Domestic tourism involves traveling in one’s own country, and tourists don’t cross international borders or entry points. Domestic tourism is used to minimize poverty, enhance infrastructure, and boost the economy’s growth and generation of employment.

2. International Tourism

Travel outside your country needs a visa and passport; called International tourism. For example, if you want to explore The UK from Sri Lanka, you need documents to enter another country.

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3. Outbound Tourism

This tourism defines a tourist traveling for a holiday to a different country, like your residents in  Bali  and traveling to  Barcelona . It is an example of outbound Tourism.

4. Business Tourism

This tourist travels to meetings, officially gets together for conferences, etc.

Business tourism plays a vital role in the tourism sector. Sometimes, people stay out of their typical environment for more than a year for business purposes and spend their vacations there.

General activities related to business tourism include attending meetings, officially getting together, conferences, seminars, visiting exhibitions and trade fairs, etc. This tourism levels up the purchasing power.

5. Adventure Tourism

Adventure tourism is a person’s travel from one place to another to seek fresh adventures and activities. This form of tourism is most famous among young tourists and people who like to explore remote areas. It encourages us to leave our comfort zone by undertaking activities like  hiking , rafting, climbing, diving, etc.

Adventure tourism is increasing day by day. You could also try whitewater rafting, the Ladakh tour, the Kedarnath tour, Port Blair, and Andaman and Nicobar tour for the adventure.

6. Wildlife Tourism

Wildlife tourism is people’s travel to different places to observe and interact with wildlife, flora, and fauna in their natural habitat. Safaris, visiting the animal rescue center, swimming with dolphins, etc., are examples of wildlife tourism.

Because of exotic species of wildlife, this tourism became recognized. The Sariska Wildlife or Hyde Park  Sanctuary , Keoladeo Gana National Park, and Corbett National Park are renowned for wildlife tourism. The Great Barrier Reef is also famous in Australia.

7. Medical Tourism

Many people travel for treatment, and several medical institutes cure foreign patients. Thailand has recorded 6000,000 new patients every year. Malaysia also treated over 100,00 tourists in 2005. 45% of foreign tourists come to Chennai for medical treatment.

8. Wellness Tourism

Wellness tourism has been a significant part of tourism since ancient times. This tourism mainly attracts those tourists who want to regain their health. Wellness tourism will help you to get rid of mental and health stress.

Tourists recover their health issues through physical, spiritual, or psychological activities. All around the world, plenty of destinations are popular for improving health.

Examples include Mexico Temazcal Beach Resort Spa, Caribbean wellness cruise, California weight loss and detox retreats, Colorado Hiking and Mountain Yoga retreat, and China Hot Spring Resorts TCM.

Ayurveda,  Yoga , Meditation, Panchakarma, and Rejuvenation Therapy are the oldest Therapy of treatments to improve health and the best way to develop wellness tourism.

9. Pilgrimage and Spiritual Tourism

Pilgrimage or spiritual tourism is when a person journeys to other places for spiritual or religious reasons. 

Spiritual tourism helps support local cultural activities and handicrafts, generating employment and revenue. Trips to Jerusalem,  Bodh Gaya , Hajj, etc., are pilgrimage or spiritual tourism.

This tour has been famous for ages, but It’s popular among older people mainly. Vaishno Devi, Golden Temple, Char Dham, and Mathura Vrindavan are some places famous for Pilgrimage tours.

10. Cultural Tourism

Cultural tourism is a person’s journey to learn and participate in local festivals, rituals, and cultural activities of other places. It’s more than a commercial activity.

This form of tourism helps spread aboriginal communities’ culture, traditions, diversity, and richness to the rest of the world.

Visit the historical sites and the artistic features of that country too. Famous cultural tourism places are:-

• India – Durga puja in Kolkata , Temples at Banaras, Jaipur, known as the pink city Palace in Rajasthan. Forts and monuments in Delhi, Agra, UP.
• UK – Tower of London, The British Museum, Big Ben, London Durga puja , etc.
• Kenya – The main attraction is the dance of the Maasai tribe.
• Morocco – The main attractions are the Olive Festival and Honey Festival.
• Jordan – The main attraction- is Jerash, famous for Roman architecture Petra, the red-rose curved rock city and one of the seven world wonders, and Shoubak with its Montreal Crusader Castle.
• Greece – The main attraction- is the Lion Gate of Mycenae.
• Turkey – the main attraction- Sultan Ahmed. Mosque, House of the Virgin Mary.
• Vietnam – The main attraction- is Sapa Market.
• Ireland tour – Cliffs of Moher, Dublin, Killarney National Park, etc.

11. Dark Tourism

Dark tourism, Black tourism, or grief tourism are related to people’s travel to historical places involved with tragedy and death. Since 2016, dark tourism has significantly increased (over 1200%). Chornobyl, cemeteries, Ground Zero, historical museums, and Auschwitz are popular dark tourism destinations. 

It is referred to as mourning tourism. Dark tourism involves visiting those places and sites that have witnessed the greatest tragedies in history. Besides this history of human suffering and bloodshed, these locations are famous for their historical value.

So, those sites that carry potent pesticides have become popular tourist destinations and attract many tourists yearly.

Like Famous sites In Japan, Hiroshima & Nagasaki bombing locations, Ground Zero, New York,  USA . The War Remnants Museum, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam; Auschwitz concentration camp, Auschwitz, Germany; Tuol Sleng Genocide Museum, Phnom Penh, Cambodia, etc.

12. Culinary Tourism

Culinary or food tourism involves tasting and experiencing local and traditional food in a specific country, region, city/town/village.

It is significant that besides accommodation and infrastructure. Here, food is one of the prime components. Therefore, lots of tours are organized here to experience the culinary culture.

Today, with the overall growth of this sector, tourism has expanded and developed to the next level.

Every year, Different states of India organize food festivals at different times in different states. Thousands of people from abroad join this festival to enjoy traditional food.

Everyone knows India is called “The land of spices.” And every state has unique kinds of food culture. Today, it is a significant part of tourism.

Culinary Tourism includes where people visit certain regions like California, Napa Valley, Catalonia, USA, and Spain) to enjoy foreign wines.

Famous Destinations : London, France, Beijing, Mexico, Italy, etc.

13. Celebrity Tourism or Film Tourism

Celebrities are the primary source of attraction for celebrity or film tourism. In this form of tourism, tourists visit places where a celebrity currently lives or has lived. Management organizations use celebrity tourism to promote a place or attraction.

Although no celebrities are present, only you can see the entire studio. Many Destination Management organizations (DMOs) use celebrity tourism to promote destinations as an attraction.

Popular celebrity tourism destinations are – Hollywood, Harry Potter Studios, Ramoji Film City India, Cannes Film Festival, Hong Kong, and Madame Tussauds.

14. Educational Tourism

Educational tourism is a new pattern of tourism that comprises learning new things. It’s the journey a person takes to leave his hometown or country for educational or learning purposes. Educational tourism is famous in Japan, Australia, the UK, etc.

An educational tourist can be away from his hometown for many days. Education and learning are the key reasons for their travels, and it is learning knowledge from historical places, cultural and social events, and understanding a language.

It’s used as a tool to complement education by gathering travel experience. Many educational institutes combine these trends in primary schools and are compulsory in higher education.

15. Cruise Tourism

Holidays based partially or wholly on a cruise ship are considered cruise tourism. It provides tourists with a multi-centered holiday experience. Cruise ships (like small yachts, big ships, etc.) take people on a tour of oceans, fjords, or rivers.

Throughout their trip, tourists can enjoy time at various destinations. The Mediterranean, Caribbean, Arctic, Antarctica, etc., are famous destinations. It’s the newest and fastest-growing part of the world’s tourism industry.

The world’s famous coastline and inland waterways have the potential to develop cruise and houseboat tourism like Quark Expeditions, OZ Cruising, and A-ROSA River Cruises.

India has many types of tourist cruises. Soon, India will be including Ocean Cruise, River Cruises, and Lake Cruises.

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16. Rural Tourism

There are many forms of tourism, and It’s divided into many parts. In this category, a tourist spends leisure time in rural areas or villages. Visitors can make a plan to visit the rural area for some days or a couple of months. 

Especially Solo travelers can visit those places to enjoy their lonely time. They join all the local activities that happen in this village.

Rural tourism is included in a ‘country holiday’ where tourists spend much of their leisure time. Thus, they taste the recreational activities in the rural environment.

Like Farming in Rural Punjab, The Spiti Valley Rural Tourism, Sundarban and Jodhpur Village Life, Bhubandanga West Bengal, and Community Tourism in Kutch. 

17. Beach Tourism

Beach tourism is how a beach plays a major element in the holiday, and it’s the most modern form and the staple of tourism.

In beach tourism, tourists travel to a beach for leisure, recreation, or business purposes. People who like the clear blue sight of a beach undertake this journey. 

Popular Beach Destinations: The Maldives, Seychelles, Turks And Caicos, French Polynesia,  Africa , Queensland, Australia, Philippines, Thailand, Bali In Indonesia, Lakshadweep, Goa, Puri, etc.

Why is Beach Tourism important?

• Beach tourism has brought about many economic benefits.
• It has led to the building of many attractions, resorts, etc.
• Beach resorts help in meeting the increase in intra-regional demand and domestic demand. 
• This type of tourism creates numerous employment opportunities.

Negative Impacts of Beach Tourism

• It leads to the wastage of a lot of resources and space.
• Beach tourism pollutes water and environmental resources. 
• Building new berths, marinas, etc., hurts coastal and marine life.

18. Space Tourism

We have seen significant changes in the aviation industry in the last 100 years. What was once used for warfare and cargo transport is now used for traveling.

Human development has now broken all bounds to take this journey to the vast emptiness of space.

Russia has been the pioneer in this field. Soyuz spacecraft conducted its first space trip with American businessman Dennis Tito in April 2001.

It was a government spacecraft that conducted seven space expeditions within the next six years. This surge in public interest led other organizations worldwide to dive into this area.

There are different types of space tourism

Orbital Space Tourism:  These flights remain within an orbit around the Earth at a speed higher than suborbital space flights. These flights orbit the world constantly for their entire stay in outer space.

Sub-orbital Space Tourism : This was the beginning of space tourism. The spacecraft launches with a substantial initial velocity that pushes it out of the Earth’s atmosphere. But this doesn’t throw it entirely out of the gravitational sphere. The power is insufficient for orbiting, so it freezes once the engines are shut off.

SpaceX C.E.O. Elon Musk proposed the prospect of lunar tourism. In 2018, he announced the ‘Dear Moon Project,’ the highly anticipated first lunar space tourism mission. They will carry out this project in 2022 with Japanese billionaire Yusaku Maezawa.

Space Tourism cost

The cost of each sub-orbital trip on the Soyuz spacecraft is reported to be 200,000-250,000 million U.S. dollars. Other trips carried out by different organizations were priced around the same margin.

Virgin Galactic recently announced that each ticket would cost 450,000 USD for the upcoming missions.

Space Tourism companies

Even though the industry is still up and coming, massive companies dominate the market. Space Adventures of Virginia, U.S.A, was the first successful space tourism company.

Elon Musk’s SpaceX, Richard Branson’s Virgin Galactic, and Amazon C.E.O. Jeff Bezos’s Blue Origin are all set to launch their space tourism business by 2022. Blue Origin recently conducted its debut flight with Jeff Bezos.

Oliver Daemen and Wally Funk were the world’s youngest and oldest men in space, respectively.

Space Tourism advantages

The universe and outer space have always been intriguing subjects for people on Earth. Yet, there were limited resources to satisfy their curiosity. The option of space tourism thus connects people with space in a unique way and solves its mystery. A more ecological advantage is the waste policy.

There is minimum pollution associated with these travels. Also, this allows a whole new sector of job opportunities for highly educated professionals and ambitious youth.

Top 13 list of space tourists

• Dennis Tito (American): April 28 – May 6, 2001
• Richard Branson
• Gennady Padalka
• Guy Laliberté
• Eytan Stibbe
• Sian Proctor
• Mark Shuttleworth (South African / British): April 25 – May 5, 2002
• Gregory Olsen (American): October 1 – October 11, 2005
• Anousheh Ansari (Iranian / American): September 18 – September 29, 2006
• Charles Simonyi (Hungarian): April 7 – April 21, 2007[8]
• Richard Garriott (American): October 12 – October 23, 2008[9]
• Sheikh Muszaphar Shukor (Malaysian): October 10 – October 23, 2007

Space Tourism in India

Space activities, in general, have been quite a staggering section in India. Last year, the government announced a policy that opens space exploration to private sectors, but hardly any company has taken action on it.

Entrepreneur Santhosh George Kulangara will be the first Indian space tourist as he booked his spot on a Virgin Galactic space flight in 2007. Hopefully, he will join Dennis Tito, Mark Shuttleworth, Gregory Olsen, and many more this year.

Forms of Tourism

• Atomic Tourism
• Beach Tourism
• Bicycle Tours
• Eco-Tourism
• Geo-Tourism
• Industrial Tourism
• Rural Tourism
• Space Tourism
• Sports Tourism
• Sustainable Tourism
• Virtual Tourism
• War Tourism

What is the main purpose of tourism?

• Economic Sustainability:  It ensures the effectiveness and competitiveness of tourism destinations and enterprises. It helps continue improvement, which is beneficial in the long run.
• Local enrichment:  Tourist destination prosperity is an enormous part of tourism. The tourism business continuously maximizes the economic growth of the host destination.
• Employment Standards:  Tourism supported the level of wages, terms of service, and availability for all. It creates local jobs without discrimination based on gender, race, disability, or other means.
• Local management:  Involve local communities and empower local people for planning and decision-making. The community and tourism management team helped to develop this.
• Community Welfare:  Maintain and boost the local community’s lifestyle. They are part of social structures. But surely, this process should take place with no social humiliation or exploitation.
• Natural Integration : Maintain and improve the quality of both urban and rural landscapes. It avoids natural and visual degradation of the environment.
• Natural Integration:  Maintain and improve the quality of both urban and rural landscapes. It avoids natural and visual degradation of the environment.
• Biodiversity:  Another purpose of tourism is to assist in conserving wildlife and natural wildlife areas and reducing losses.
• Environmental cleanness:  Besides the purpose of tourism, all tourists must reduce air, water, and land pollution and waste generation.
• Tourism is a significant part of  national integration .
• Tourism always  motivates tourists  to understand their traditions, heritage, culture, and religion.
• Tourism’s most significant part is  economic growth  or the business part of the destination. It encourages local people to create handicraft items and prepares local food items, souvenirs, dresses, etc., for sale.
• Tourism is one such thing that constantly boosts the country economically.

Niche Tourism

This tourism focuses on a specific aspect of traveling. It also focuses on the consumer market segment’s interest. It makes the destination more exciting and marketable. Niche Tourism is one of the fastest-growing sectors. Niche tourism indicates a specific feature of travel.

For example, some tourists want a museum, some wish to visit old architectural monuments, buildings, palaces, etc., and some want to eat in a famous restaurant. Thus, niche Tourism shows a particular activity that is not the only focus of travel.

Types of Niche Tourism

• Macro-Niche
• Micro-Niche

What is Macro-Niche?

Macro-niche tourism can be explained as a niche with broad customer interest categories such as rural tourism, Business tourism, sports tourism, medical tourism, environmental travel, etc.

What is Micro-Niche?

It is a small group trip, such as gastronomy tourism, cycling tourism, and geo-tourism.

Niche tourism in South Africa

South Africa is an attractive destination because of the wide diversity of animal and bird species. As a result, tourism professionals found this country has considerable potential.

Advantages of Niche Tourism

•  Even if niche tourism is smaller than mainstream markets, it spreads more.
•  It has more potential to grow.
•  It creates quality jobs that require specialized skills.

What are the different types of tourists?

When we visit a place, we find different kinds of travelers. The aim of each traveler is different. Let us discuss the types of visitors. Five types of tourists are found mostly :-

• Incentive tourists – These tourists did not plan for the tour earlier. Suppose you have been rewarded with two tickets from the office because of your performance. You and your colleagues came for the trip.
• Business tourist – This type of tourist travels for business. They will always prefer a hotel with a conference room. They don’t come to enjoy luxury, but they want the hotel to serve everything on time.
• Leisure tourist – This type of tourist comes to enjoy the vacation. They love those hotels that serve them something extra, like drinks. They choose hotels that give them comfort and luxury at their best.
• Special interest tourists – They often plan their tours very well. This tourist doesn’t need comfort but loves to do adventure.
• The Foodie tourist – This type is quite common. They wish to taste various foods in various places. The signature dishes of those areas and various kinds of foods.

Types of a Tourist Attraction

We have to keep in mind that attraction varies from person to person. For example, suppose Rahul and Sheela are traveling to Kashmir. Rahul is interested in climbing the mountains to see snowfall, whereas Sheela is excited to visit the temples in Kashmir.

Tourist attractions could be classified into the following two categories:-

• Natural attraction – If you are a nature lover, don’t miss The Valley of Flowers in Uttarakhand, Coorg, known as the ‘Scotland of India.’
• Events and heritage attractions – Goa is a place for heritage lovers. So pack your bag, take the camera, and start your journey towards Goa. I am sure you will have an unforgettable lesson in Goa’s history. Fort Aguada, Chandor, and some famous museums are places to visit.

What is Tourism Planning?

Perfect planning is always a matter of the success of any activity. Whenever we plan something and implement it, we get a better result. It’s the same with tourism. But it is neither guaranteed nor forever. It’s a process where the people’s needs are determined using the best resources, programs, and activities.

How do these tourism plans help us?

A tourism plan makes guidelines for the areas. Then, it helps the government and private sectors to develop those areas. Most importantly, we must remember a few steps involved in tourism planning.

Main types of tourism planning

• Financial planning
• To establish the objective 
• Human resource planning
• Monitoring progress
• Human resource planning.

Types of Tourism Activities

There are various kinds of tourism activities. Like- 

• Heritage trails
• Swimming with dolphins

 Name of some international tourist organization-

• American Society of Travel Agents : Founded 1931, Headquarter- New York
• International Academy of Tourism : Founded-1951, Headquarter- Monge Carlo
• International Bureau of Social Tourism : Founded 1963, Headquarters- Brussels
• International Touring Alliance: Founded-1919, Headquarters- Europe
• World Tourism Organization : Founded 1975, Headquarter- Madrid.

Types of Tourism packages

For different categories of tourists, everybody needs a separate package. Let’s discuss the various types of Packages that are available.

1. Adventure Tourism Package

This tourism encourages people to come out of their comfort zone to feel the thrill of nature closely in life. It is found that people are taking adventure more often. It shows potential growth in recent years.

The most exotic and adventurous destinations are Ladakh, Himachal Pradesh, Kerala, Jammu, and Kashmir.

2. Wildlife Tourism Package

In every country, wildlife tourism is famous. But, if you love wildlife, you must choose the right package. This package is exclusively for wildlife lovers who love taking their snaps.

3. Medical tourism package 

It has been observed that medical tourism has grown rapidly in Asia-specific countries.

4. Pilgrimage tourism package

Many foreigners visit various temples in India, Sri Lanka, and Singapur. However, the major attraction is the traditional architecture, art forms, and rituals performed.

Famous pilgrimage areas are the Meenakshi Temple, Golden Temple, Jagannath Temple, Santa Cruz Cathedral Basilica, Atala Mosque, etc. Therefore, this type of package is chosen based on your religious beliefs.

5. Eco-tourism Package

This type of tourism has become one of the fascinating travel forms. Although eco-tourism is more of a travel philosophy, it attracts many tourists. Some eco-tourism destination areas are Kerala, Galgibaga Beach, Goa, and Coorg.

6. Cultural Tourism Package

The social richness of any country draws visitors from every corner of the world to witness sheer celebrations. The cultural tour package offers you a comprehensive exploration of the different shades. Moreover, this package will bring a tourist a closer view of traditions and architecture.

Along with these, we found tourism packages like-

7.   Family Tourism Package

A family tour package is designed keeping in mind the family’s needs. It gives assurance of total relaxation and fun pastimes.

The package includes adults, kids, and the elderly. This package includes sightseeing trips, tours of historical places, and adventure trips.

8. Honeymoon Tourism Package

Couples, after their marriages, take a honeymoon tour package, and it provides newlyweds with all the perquisites to make their trip memorable.

The honeymoon tourism package includes lodgings, dining, food & drinks, etc. Famous destinations for a honeymoon tour package are Maldives, Bali, Mauritius, etc.

9. Wellness Tourism Package

Traveling to other places for health and well-being takes a wellness tourism package. Tourists take this package to visit sites that provide recuperation facilities. Wellness tourism has seen a significant boost in the modern years.

Popular destinations for a wellness tourism package are Ayurveda centers, Iceland (for its spas), Bali (for yoga), etc.

10. Cruise Tourism Package

A cruise tourism package provides tourists with a journey filled with fun and recreational activities onboard and excursions onshore.

Tourists get an all-planned ship or boat trip for a specific date to a particular location at a specific price. These packages are curated as per the needs of the tourists.

What are Tourism Products?

According to the market’s needs, the customer supplies anything in the market for use/consumption, called a product.

A product can be offered in the market observation, purchase, use, or any need or demand.

A tourism product is provided to the tourist during their traveling. It mainly focuses on facilities and services designed to meet the needs.

It includes physical objects, services, personalities, places, and ideas. The above components are provided by one company or any group of companies. Tourism products can be given to tourists in a tourist destination.

Products are needed for leisure, pleasure, religious, or business purposes. These products are provided in the market at a cost.

The main reason for choosing a tourist destination is a tourism product. It gives an economic boost to the destination. So it needs to be marketed and stored in a hassle manner.

Services are designed for the visitor to fulfill their needs. Therefore, it is a combination of products. Thus, the country’s total tourism and tourist satisfaction depend on the sum of its attractions, transportation, accommodation, entertainment, etc.

Individual service providers, such as hotels, airlines, travel agencies, etc, provide every element of a tourism product. Therefore, you can analyze these products’ attractiveness, accommodation, and accessibility.

Types of Tourism Products 

Attractions:  It is one of the main elements. Tourists will not be encouraged to visit certain places without attractions. Attractions are the ingredients. The product determines the choice of a particular tourist to visit a specific destination.

Attractions include archaeological, cultural, and historical buildings, monuments, beach resorts, mountains, flora and fauna, national parks, trade fairs, arts and music festivals, exhibitions, games, etc. Nowadays, tourists are susceptible to changes in fashion.

Accessibility:  That means by which a visitor can reach the attraction place. Tourists visit the attraction destination by different transport modes. Visitors visit his predetermined location by car, motorcycle,  train , ship or boat, airplane, or cycle.

The place becomes very cheap if any destinations do not have good transport systems. Tourist centers should be located near tourist-producing markets. It is connected to a network of efficient transportation to receive the largest number of tourists.

Accommodation:  Another tourism product is accommodation. It is an essential part of tourism—the tourist destination location must-have hotels, guest houses, camping, and homestay. An alternate arrangement should exist if accommodation is not possible at the central location. At least some distance away.

Hospitality:  It is a major factor for a tourist destination that will develop in the future. The location’s restaurants, pubs, cafes, foods, and beverage serving style increase location attractiveness.

Natural tourism products:  Our nature is beautiful and precious to us. Nature has arranged amazing things in different parts of the world, such as – hills, mountains, caves, glaciers, sea, islands, beaches, waterfalls, rivers, lakes, wildlife, deserts, etc.

The tourism product utilizes those natural gifts as a Natural tourism product, such as snow-capped mountains in Kashmir, Dudhsagar Falls in Goa, palm-fringed beaches of Goa, the wildlife of Kaziranga National Park in Assam, the Thar Desert in Jaisalmer, etc.

Read Things to do in Bainbridge Island, Seattle Washington

Human-created tourism products

Artificial tourism products are those that humans create. Human-made tourism products’ primary purpose is to attract tourists, such as Temples, Forts, palaces, museums, theme parks, etc.

The destination’s tradition and culture play a vital role in tourism. Humans maintain it to attract tourists through- classical dance – music, folk dance, paintings, handicrafts, festivals, fairs, etc.

Examples:  Machu Picchu World Heritage Site,  Egyptian pyramids , Taj Mahal, Red Fort in Agra, Lothal in Gujarat, Mexican pyramids, or Mesoamerican pyramids are important archaeological sites.

The Bhangra dance form of Punjab, the Kolkata Book Fair, the Durga puja in Kolkata, the Brass work of Muradabad, etc., are also included in human-made tourism products.

Tour guides are another main aspect of traveling. It is also a parameter for tourism. National and international travelers need a travel guide to discover a new place. Sometimes, national travelers may visit any tourist destination on their own.

But an international traveler always wants a good tourist guide. How do you present the location, and how much information do you provide to understand the place? It depends on a guided tour and a travel guide. This parameter upgrades the tourist destination’s level.

What are the different types of tourist destinations?

Types of tourism and types of tourist destinations may sound synonymous. However, the two have slight conceptual differences. Tourism is a broader concept, including the aspects of tourism and hospitality.

At the same time, a tourist destination is a narrower concept applying to places of tourist attraction. Based on the type of place and the causes of interest, the tourist’s destinations are:

• Coastal Destinations  – Preferred mostly for the ample sunshine and salty waters lining lands adjoining the sea. Be it domestic or international coastal locations, they are great for fun and relaxation. They are favored mostly by people living in inland areas away from the sea.
• Beaches  – The meeting point of land with the ocean offers a great tourist attraction. Waves hitting the shores of sandy beaches are great for tourists. In addition, new beach activities like parasailing, beach biking, etc., also attract tourists immensely.
• Island – A land in the middle of the sea or ocean on all sides is an island. Tourists are taken mainly by boat from the mainland to explore these islands. Islands standing in between a river are called riverine islands.
• Mangroves – It offers a panoramic view amidst the confluence of a river with the sea/ocean. Example: Sundarbans of India.
• Inland Destinations  – Travel away from the coast is an inland destination. A variety of sub-classifications can come in under like:

Based on the type of region:

• Hill stations – Offering a surreal view from an altitude, all mountains and hills are great tourist destinations.
• Jungles – Trekking/hiking/driving through the wild greenery are great tourist attractions. Protected areas like Reserve Forests and National Park serve the twin purpose of tourism and conservation.

Based on the population structure

• Rural – For a change, get away from the fast-paced urban life to taste village life. Touring rural locations is gaining popularity because of lower population density, greener areas, and a serene environment.
• Urban – Posh urban destinations offer a pull factor for tourists to experience ultra-modern and urban life. Examples: New York, Shanghai, etc.
•   Offbeat – Previously undiscovered newer locations around famous tourist spots are offbeat destinations. With lower tourist popularity, the exclusiveness of these places is retained.

Based on the type of activity

• Hiking and Camping – Places, where tourists come mostly for hiking or camping (day/night), are fast gaining popularity. These places are primarily amidst nature and come under adventure tourism.
• Preserved sites – Sites like UNESCO World Heritage sites have become popular tourist destinations. The rich natural/cultural value owes them their status.

Based on historical/religious importance

• Historical Places & Monuments – Tourists flock to places holding remnants of the past. Areas having historic architecture and events give an insight into the past culture. Examples: Taj Mahal and Jalianwallah Bagh, etc.
• Pilgrimages & Holy Shrines:  Religious tourism has flourished here, making it a spiritual destination. Example: Hajj of Mecca, Bethlehem for Christians.
• Museums and buildings:  Places where artifacts and remnants of historical culture are well preserved. Famous among tourists of all ages.

Based on entertainment

• Luxury destinations:  Locations that only promote high-end tourism are luxury destinations. Example: Bali.
• Carnival:  Annually, countries host cultural events to celebrate any occasion for a short period. When tourists travel here to enjoy themselves, it becomes a popular destination. Example: Christmas Carnival in Toronto.
• Amusement Park and Zoo:  Famous for the lot is Disney Land, a great tourist destination for children. Singapore Zoo, which ushers in global tourists.

Tourism Destinations

According to UNWTO in the “World’s Top Tourism Destination,” the first four places for International tourism are France, Spain, the USA, and China.

A tourism destination is the endpoint of the journey. But, of course, we all have some goals in every field, so it’s the same with tourism.

There are various types of tourist destinations. They are as follows:-

• Centered Destination
• Based Destination
• Multi-centre Destination
• Touring Destination
• Transit Destination

Types of Tourist Attractions

• Historial attractions
• Cultural attractions
• Political significance
• The natural or scenic beauty
• Leisure travel
• Fun and Amusement

How many Types of Tourism are there in India?

There are 16 Different kinds of tourism in India , but the list may increase.

Is there anything about tourism that I’ve missed?

Over the past 75 years, the travel industry has made great strides in harmoniously uniting strangers, travelers, and locals. As a result, visits and travel are more than adventure, learning new skills, rejuvenating, and achieving perfection.

Tourism has changed from providing services like rooms, flights, and meals that people were satisfied with ten years ago. Now, people want to experience whale watching or mountain biking.

In the luxury sector, wealthy people spend more money on an experience than objects. It is called experience economics, and there is an idea that the memories of tourist values ​​are compared to some physical resources. The rate of global tourists is increasing daily, and every country is trying to make its tourism more developed and successful.

As you can see, the tourism industry is vast and diverse. There are different kinds of tourism here; some have been around for decades, and others are just emerging.

A tour to the Grand Canyon would fall under which type of tourism?

Grand Canyon tour would fall into natural adventure tourism. Here, you can enjoy – The floor Landing Helicopter Tour, ATV, Gold Mine Tour, White Water Adventure Tour, and Rim Airplane Tour.

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Stay connected, 10 types of tourist attractions.

When planning a vacation or exploring a new destination, one of the first things that comes to mind is the tourist attractions you can visit. Tourist attractions are places or sites that draw visitors due to their cultural, historical, natural, or entertainment value. These attractions play a pivotal role in attracting tourists worldwide and contribute significantly to local economies.

In this article, we will explore the top 10 types of tourist attractions that you should consider including in your travel itinerary. Each type offers unique experiences and insights into different aspects of our world, from iconic landmarks and natural wonders to theme parks and museums.

1. Iconic Landmarks

Iconic Landmarks are perhaps some of the most well-known tourist attractions globally. They represent a country or city’s identity and are significant symbols recognized worldwide. These landmarks become focal points for travellers seeking memorable photo opportunities or a chance to connect with history.

The Eiffel Tower – Paris, France

One such iconic landmark is The Eiffel Tower in Paris, France. Standing at an impressive height of 330 meters (1080 ft), this wrought-iron lattice tower attracts millions of visitors annually. The observation decks offer breathtaking views of the French capital’s skyline and have become synonymous with romantic moments captured by tourists from around the globe.

The Great Pyramids – Giza Plateau, Egypt

Another famous example is The Great Pyramids on the Giza Plateau near Cairo, Egypt. This ancient wonder remains an enigma for historians and archeologists alike while continuing to captivate travellers with its towering presence as it has for thousands of years.

2. Natural Wonders

Nature has provided us with awe-inspiring landscapes that leave us marvelling at their grandeur and beauty. Natural wonders offer visitors an opportunity to immerse themselves in the breathtaking landscapes and experience the raw power of nature.

The Grand Canyon – Arizona, United States

The Grand Canyon in Arizona, United States, is a prime example of a natural wonder. Carved by the Colorado River over millions of years, this immense gorge stretches approximately 277 miles (446 km) long and up to 18 miles (29 km) wide. Hiking trails allow visitors to explore different canyon sections and witness its ever-changing colours as the sun casts shadows throughout the day.

Victoria Falls – Zimbabwe/Zambia Border

Victoria Falls is one of Africa’s most famous natural attractions located on the border between Zimbabwe and Zambia. They are known locally as “Mosi-oa-Tunya” or “The Smoke That Thunders,” this waterfall measures an astonishing 355 feet (108 meters) in height and spans more than a mile (1.7 km) across. The sheer force and beauty of Victoria Falls make it a must-visit destination for nature enthusiasts.

3. Historic Sites

For those interested in history, visiting historic sites provides an opportunity to step back in time and gain insights into ancient civilizations, significant events, or milestones that shaped our world.

Machu Picchu – Cusco Region, Peru

One such historic site is Machu Picchu , located high in Peru’s Andes Mountains above the Sacred Valley near Cusco. Built by the Incas around AD 1450 but abandoned during Spanish colonization, this mystical city showcases impressive stone architecture that has stood the test of time. Exploring Machu Picchu’s terraces and buildings allows visitors to appreciate Inca ingenuity while admiring breathtaking mountain views.

Petra – Ma’an Governorate Jordan

Hidden amidst rugged desert canyons lay Petra , an ancient city carved into pink sandstone cliffs within present-day Jordan. Dating back to 300 BCE, this UNESCO World Heritage Site features stunning ruins, including the iconic Treasury and Monastery. Walking through the narrow canyon known as the Siq and witnessing these ancient wonders leaves visitors in awe of Petra’s rich history.

4. Museums and Galleries

Museums and galleries explore art, culture, science, and history. These institutions house collections of artifacts, artwork, scientific exhibits or historical documents that aim to educate and inspire visitors.

The Louvre – Paris, France

The Louvre Museum in Paris, France, is one of the world’s largest art museums. Housed within a former royal palace spanning over 600 years of history, it displays iconic masterpieces such as Leonardo da Vinci’s Mona Lisa and Venus de Milo. Visiting The Louvre allows art enthusiasts to immerse themselves in some of humanity’s most outstanding achievements.

Smithsonian Institution – Washington D.C., United States

The Smithsonian Institution is a collection of museums in Washington, D.C., USA. Comprised of 19 museums ranging from natural history to space exploration to African American history, each museum aims to preserve our heritage while enlightening visitors about various fields of knowledge. The Smithsonian offers an unparalleled learning experience for individuals with diverse interests.

5. Theme Parks

Theme parks are designed with entertainment at their core, offering thrilling rides, attractions for all ages and immersive experiences that transport visitors into different worlds.

Disneyland – Anaheim, California

Founded by Walt Disney himself in 1955, Disneyland remains one of the most famous theme parks globally, in Anaheim, California, USA. With its enchanting castles, intertwining pathways, and famous characters such as Mickey Mouse, this magical kingdom still captures the hearts (and wallets) of families looking to share new memories.

Universal Studios Hollywood – Los Angeles, United States

Another renowned theme park is Universal Studios Hollywood , located in Los Angeles, California. It offers visitors the opportunity to enter the world of movies and television with behind-the-scenes tours, thrilling rides styled after blockbuster films such as Jurassic World and Harry Potter, and live entertainment options that keep guests entertained throughout their visit.

6. Cultural Neighborhoods

Exploring cultural neighbourhoods allows one to immerse oneself in local traditions, architecture, cuisine, and community. These neighbourhoods often offer unique experiences through events or authentic shops where you can purchase locally made crafts or taste traditional dishes.

The Medina of Marrakech – Morocco

The Medina of Marrakech in Morocco is a UNESCO World Heritage Site renowned for its vibrant atmosphere and rich heritage. Visitors can wander through labyrinthine streets with colourful souks selling spices, textiles, and handicrafts. The mesmerizing beauty of riads (traditional Moroccan houses) exemplifies the city’s architectural splendour.

Gamla Stan – Stockholm, Sweden

In the heart of Stockholm lies Gamla Stan , also known as “The Old Town.” This well-preserved medieval neighbourhood offers visitors a glimpse into Sweden’s history with its narrow cobblestone streets, charming cafes, and historic buildings like the Royal Palace. A stroll through Gamla Stan feels like stepping back in time.

7. Adventure Destinations

For adrenaline junkies seeking an action-packed vacation,

Queenstown – New Zealand

Queenstown, in New Zealand, is renowned for offering an array of thrilling activities—from bungee jumping to jet boating to skydiving. Nestled between mountains and surrounded by crystal-clear lakes, this picturesque destination serves up exhilaration alongside spectacular natural scenery that appeals to adventure seekers around the globe.

Kruger National Park – South Africa

If wildlife encounters are your idea of adventure, then Kruger National Park should be on your must-visit list. As South Africa’s largest game reserve, it is home to the Big Five (elephant, lion, leopard, rhino and buffalo ) and many other wildlife species. Exploring the park’s vast landscapes on a safari allows one to witness these majestic creatures in their natural habitat.

8. Architectural Marvels

Architecture enthusiasts will be captivated by magnificent architectural marvels showcasing human imagination and ingenuity.

Taj Mahal – Agra, India

The Taj Mahal in Agra, India, is an exquisite example of Mughal architecture renowned for its white marble facade and intricate carvings. Considered one of the New Seven Wonders of the World, this mausoleum was built by Emperor Shah Jahan in memory of his late wife. The Taj Mahal’s beauty at sunrise or sunset is breathtaking.

Sydney Opera House – Sydney, Australia

Designed by Danish architect Jørn Utzon, Sydney Opera House is an iconic symbol for Sydney and Australia. Its distinctive sail-like roof structure overlooks Sydney Harbour, hosting some of the world’s most acclaimed performances. The complex also houses bars, restaurants, and shops where visitors can enjoy stunning views or explore Australian cultural experiences.

9. Religious Sites

Throughout history, religion has significantly influenced art, architecture, and culture. Religious sites hold spiritual significance for many individuals while offering architectural beauty worth admiring regardless of faith.

Angkor Wat – Siem Reap, Cambodia

In Siem Reap, Cambodia, Angkor Wat is not only the largest religious monument globally but also a UNESCO World Heritage Site. This sprawling temple complex serves as a place of worship and an artistic masterpiece reflecting the Khmer Empire’s achievements between the 9th-15th centuries. Encapsulating intricate carvings towers that rise skyward and a sense of serenity, Angkor Wat simultaneously fascinates both historians and tourists alike.

Vatican City – Rome, Italy

Located within the heart of Rome, Vatican City is an independent city-state known for being the spiritual epicentre of Catholicism. Visitors can marvel at architectural wonders like St.Peter’s Basilica and Michelangelo’s frescoes in the Sistine Chapel. Exploring Vatican City often includes admiring priceless masterpieces in the Vatican Museums while experiencing a deep spiritual awe.

10. Scenic Routes

Sometimes, the journey itself is as important as reaching a destination. Scenic routes provide travelers with breathtaking landscapes, helping them connect with nature while driving, cycling or hiking.

Pacific Coast Highway – California, United States

The Pacific Coast Highway , also known as Highway 1, stretches along California’s coastline, offering stunning ocean views, spectacular cliff drops, and charming coastal towns such as Monterey and Santa Barbara. Explore hidden beach coves, breathe in fresh sea air, and enjoy mesmerizing sunsets during one of world’s most scenic drives.

The Great Ocean Road – Victoria, Australia

Spanning approximately 243 kilometres (151 miles) between Torquay and Allansford, The Great Ocean Road provides travellers with magnificent coastal scenery in Australia. An array of cliffs, windswept beaches, and iconic limestone formations like Twelve Apostles make this road trip adventure genuinely unforgettable.

Visiting tourist attractions worldwide allows us to discover new cultures, appreciate nature’s beauty, unravel history’s mysteries, or create lasting memories filled with laughter and joy. Whether you are seeking adventure, cultural experiences, historical insights or serene moments reconnecting with Mother Nature, It is essential to select destinations that align with your interests and preferences. Utilizing planning tools and resources available online can help shape your itinerary, guaranteeing an unforgettable travel experience.

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What most attracts us to a tourist destination? Attractions, culture and gastronomy

Tourists' expectations when visiting a particular place are related to several features of the chosen destination: culture, architecture, gastronomy, infrastructure, landscape, events, shopping, etc. These features attract people to the destination and contribute to the overall experience of the trip. As a whole, they are crucial aspects of the destinations and have a profound influence on their success. Therefore, the study of the market segment of urban destinations is particularly important due to the impact on the economic development of cities.

A destination's competitiveness refers to the ability of the brand to successfully occupy a niche in the market in the long term. It is the potential to create and integrate value-added products to maintain the resources while keeping their position in the market compared with other competitors. For the brand image, the uniqueness of the destination is key to its desired positioning and this makes the brand unique and distinguishable for tourists.

Sara Vinyals Mirabent, a researcher of the Communication, Advertising & Society (CAS) Research Group of the Department of Communication at UPF has raised the issue and has studied it at the twelve most popular urban destinations in Europe. This research helps to understand how European cities use their most attractive features to compete in the market segment of urban destinations and to stand out from other competing cities.

Vinyals has published the results of her study in the advanced online edition of Journal of Destination Marketing & Management . The aim of this study was twofold. On the one hand, it sought to identify the dominant features of communication to attract visitors to Europe's most popular urban destinations. On the other, the study aimed to determine the most relevant characteristics of the destinations that act as distinguishing elements. It is a baseline study on the most popular destinations in the context of European urban tourism that addresses the limitations of previous studies. The research is part of the ITOURIST research project.

The study performs a content analysis to identify the similarities and differences of the official communication channels of the twelve most popular urban destinations in Europe. The final sample includes twelve official websites operated by official tourism organizations from the following cities: London, Paris, Istanbul, Barcelona, Amsterdam, Milan, Rome, Vienna, Prague, Munich, Madrid and Frankfurt.

The results show that to compete in this specific market, tourist products and packages, cultural attractions and gastronomy are the critical elements chosen to attract visitors. The twelve cities studied showed a significant amount of content dedicated to these issues on all of the websites considered (over 40%). The prevalence of these strategies in all cases indicates their crucial role for these competitive urban destinations. The results also identify that strategies related to history, accommodation and leisure attractions are the main sources of differentiation between European cities.

Among the European urban destinations studied, the content analysis revealed three main areas of differentiation (D1, D2 and D3) which can be used to place smaller destinations on the market. The main difference between destinations can be explained by the dichotomy between the advertising strategies related to leisure and culture (D1). However, the areas related to infrastructure (D2) and location near tourist sites (D3) represent a significant source of differentiation. These three main factors among Europe's twelve most popular destinations may explain more than 70% of the differences between destinations.

The results of this study point to the clear need to promote the city's tourist products and packages, its cultural attractions and its gastronomy in the online competition as European urban destination. In addition, infrastructure and transport, landscape and natural resources, events and sports also seem to have a more stable presence through communication practices, although these categories are less important in the discourse than the previous ones.

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Story Source:

Materials provided by Universitat Pompeu Fabra - Barcelona . Note: Content may be edited for style and length.

Journal Reference :

• Sara Vinyals-Mirabent. European urban destinations’ attractors at the frontier between competitiveness and a unique destination image. A benchmark study of communication practices . Journal of Destination Marketing & Management , 2019; 12: 37 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdmm.2019.02.006

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The Psychology of Choosing a Destination: 16 Factors Influencing Our Vacation Choices

Choosing a vacation destination is more than just selecting a place to visit; it’s a reflection of our desires, fears, and aspirations. Psychological factors play a significant role in shaping our travel preferences. Here’s a bit of the psychology behind destination choice.

The psychology behind our destination choices

1. the need for escape and relaxation.

One of the primary reasons people travel is to escape from the stresses of daily life. When we’re working, especially, and are granted paid time off or long service leave , one of our priorities is to relax. Vacations offer a chance to unwind, relax, and recharge. This is why destinations that promise tranquillity, such as beaches, spas, or secluded retreats, are often highly sought after.

2. The pursuit of adventure and novelty

For some, vacations are an opportunity to step outside their comfort zone and experience something new. Adventure-seeking travellers may be drawn to destinations with exciting activities like hiking, climbing, or water sports. The thrill of exploring unfamiliar places and overcoming challenges can be incredibly rewarding.

3. The desire for connection and socialisation

Travel can be a great way to connect with loved ones and create lasting memories. Family vacations are popular for strengthening bonds and creating shared experiences. Couples may choose destinations that offer romantic getaways, while solo travellers may seek out social activities or meet new people.

4. The influence of cultural curiosity

Cultural curiosity is another factor that drives destination choice. Many people are drawn to destinations with rich cultural heritage, historical sites, or unique traditions. Experiencing different cultures can broaden our perspectives, foster empathy, and create a sense of wonder.

5. The role of nostalgia and personal history

Our personal experiences and memories can also influence our vacation choices. People may return to destinations that hold sentimental value, such as places they visited as children or where they had a memorable experience. Nostalgia can evoke positive emotions and create a sense of comfort and familiarity.

6. The impact of social media and influencer marketing

Social media has revolutionised the way we travel. Platforms like Instagram and TikTok showcase stunning images and videos of destinations, inspiring wanderlust and influencing our vacation choices. Influencers can also play a significant role in shaping our perceptions of certain destinations, making them more desirable or less appealing.

7. The fear of the unknown

While the allure of adventure can be strong, the fear of the unknown can also influence our destination choices. Some people may prefer to visit familiar destinations where they feel more comfortable and in control. Others may be drawn to destinations that offer a sense of security, such as all-inclusive resorts or well-established tourist areas.

8. The importance of affordability and accessibility

Practical considerations, such as budget and accessibility, also play a role in destination choice. People may choose destinations that fit within their budget and are easy to reach. Factors like flight times, visa requirements, and language barriers can also influence their decision.

9. The role of personality traits

Our personality traits can also influence our vacation preferences. For example, introverted individuals may be drawn to quieter destinations with fewer crowds, while extroverted individuals may seek out social activities and bustling cities.

• Risk-taking. Those who are more risk-taking may be drawn to adventure-filled destinations, while risk-averse individuals may prefer safer, more predictable options.
• Need for achievement. Individuals with a high need for achievement may choose destinations that offer opportunities for personal growth or learning.
• Need for affiliation. People with a high need for affiliation may be drawn to destinations where they can connect with others and socialise.

10. The impact of stress and burnout

The level of stress and burnout we experience in our daily lives can also influence our vacation choices. When we are feeling overwhelmed and stressed, we may be more likely to choose destinations that promise relaxation and escape. Conversely, if we are feeling bored or unfulfilled, we may be more inclined to seek out adventure and novelty.

11. The influence of cultural stereotypes

Cultural stereotypes can also play a role in destination choice. For example, people may choose to visit France for its romantic atmosphere or Italy for its delicious food. While these stereotypes can be helpful, it’s important to be aware of their limitations and avoid making generalisations about entire cultures.

12. The power of social proof

Social proof, the tendency to follow the behaviour of others, can also influence our vacation choices. If we see friends or family members posting about a particular destination on social media, we may be more likely to consider it for our next vacation. This can be especially true for younger generations, who are highly influenced by social media.

13. The role of environmental concerns

Environmental concerns are becoming increasingly important to many travellers. Sustainable tourism and eco-friendly practices are gaining popularity, and people may be more likely to choose destinations that prioritise environmental conservation.

14. The desire for authenticity and off-the-beaten-path experiences

Many travellers seek out authentic experiences and off-the-beaten-path destinations. They may be drawn to lesser-known locations or hidden gems that offer a more genuine and unique experience. This reflects our desire to avoid tourist traps and discover something truly special.

15. The impact of personal values and beliefs

Our personal values and beliefs can also influence our destination choices. For example, people who prioritise animal welfare may choose destinations that do not support animal cruelty, while those who are interested in social justice may seek out destinations that promote equality and human rights.

16. The desire for personal growth and development

Some travellers may choose destinations that offer opportunities for personal growth and development. This could include learning a new language, taking a cooking class, or participating in a volunteer programme.

The psychology of choosing a destination is a complex interplay of various factors. Our personality traits, stress levels, cultural influences, social proof, and environmental concerns all shape our travel preferences. By understanding these psychological nuances, we can gain a deeper appreciation for the motivations behind our vacation choices and make more informed decisions about where to travel.

Adam Mulligan , a psychology graduate from the University of Hertfordshire, has a keen interest in the fields of mental health, wellness, and lifestyle.

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Family Travel Packing List: A Complete List For Every Trip 2025

Having a well-planned family travel packing list can reduce a lot of stress while saving plenty of time for parents. By having a solid list, you can ensure that only essential travel items are packed and keep your travel luggages light .

Family travel is a rewarding experience that creates wonderful memories for every family member. You can strengthen family bonds and spend quality time together outside of daily routines at home. There are so many destinations to select for the best family holidays . However, planning a trip for an entire family and dealing with unexpected situations can be challenging for parents. 

This family travel packing list is made to help parents pack more efficiently and travel lighter. You can focus on quality family time and enjoy the adventures ahead. Here are typical categories of most packing lists. 

Travel Essentials: Documents and Booking Confirmations

Having all the essential travel documents with you is the first step to a successful family trip. Photo by kerkezz on stock.adobe.com

Important documents of each family member should be organised in a clear folder for easy access. First of all, it is crucial to make sure that all passports are valid for your trip. Check if your destination requires a travel visa . You must also pack copies of travel documents for each family member.

Having travel insurance for your family is a wise investment. Emergency medical care is often costly, and unexpected trip cancellations and flight delays are stressful. Travel insurance companies can reimburse you for these costs and provide travel assistance. 

Sometimes, hotels and rental services experience system errors, which can affect your bookings and travel plans. To communicate more effectively during check-in, you can prepare a printed copy or a digital copy of your booking confirmations .

For security and safety, each family member should have a list of emergency contact information . This is helpful in cases of medical emergencies or being separated during the trip. You can include family contact information of parents, trusted people back at home and local emergency numbers. 

Lastly, bring an RFID shoulder bag or hip pack to carry these essentials without worry. You are hands-free to take care of every family member and can quickly grab your passport or visa whenever you want in seconds.

Summary of travel essentials:

• Travel visas
• Travel Insurance
• Booking confirmations
• Emergency contact lists
• Cash and credit/debit cards
• An RFID Travel Bag.

Luggage and Bags: Sizes and Types

The right carry-on will ensure a smoother experience, which will save you more planning time and avoid overpacking. The best part? You can save more money on extra baggage fees. It is advisable to keep everyone organised with a backpack and a checked luggage. 

When choosing luggage and additional bags, you should consider the most suitable size and weight for each member. For example, lightweight options are the most suitable for children, especially when they are expected to carry by themselves.

Security and durability are important qualities to look for. It is best to choose durable materials that are easy to clean, as spills and accidents can happen on the road.

Packing together can be a fun family activity . You can allow children to select their preferred bags and teach them how to pack well . Remember to consider your trip duration and airline restrictions before choosing the sizes of your luggage and bags.

Summary of luggage and bags:

• Checked-in luggage : Suitcases, large-sized bags
• Carry-on luggage : Cabin bags

Clothing: Outfits and Footwear

Always start by checking the weather forecast at your destination to ensure you pack the most appropriate clothing. Your packing list should be tailored to your itinerary and activities ; for instance, a beach holiday requires different essentials compared to a city exploration or sightseeing tour. Take the time to learn about cultural norms at your destination so you can choose clothing that is both appropriate and respectful.

On choosing what to wear , comfortable and breathable fabrics should be your top picks. Wrinkle-resistant and quick-drying fabrics are top qualities to look for in travel-friendly clothes. Versatile clothing items can be mixed-and-matched easily , which simplify your packing list and keep your luggage light.

The amount of outfits should be based on your trip duration and planned activities. You can consider using laundry services or hand wash clothes to reduce the number of clothings to pack. 

>>> Check Out:

• Family Beach Vacation Checklist
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Local weather and planned activities should be taken into consideration. Photo by Kittiphan on stock.adobe.com

For Women Travellers

• Tops: Depending on your personal style, you can choose T-shirts, blouses and tank tops for layering and mix-and-matching.
• Bottoms: Jeans, skirts, comfortable pants such as leggings and shorts are practical on the road.
• Dresses: Opt for versatile dresses that can be used in various occasions and even dressier events.
• Outerwear: Based on the local climate, consider bringing a light jacket or a lightweight rain jacket.
• Undergarments: Choose breathable and comfortable materials then pack enough items for your trip duration.
• Sleepwear: Having a pair of comfortable pyjamas or an easy T-shirt and shorts is good for nighttime. 
• Swimsuit: If you plan on swimming or going to the beach.
• Footwear: Adapt to the local weather and prioritise comfort over style. You should pack a pair of comfortable walking shoes for sightseeing and a waterproof pair of sandals or slippers.
• Accessories: A scarf is a travel-friendly item that provides warmth and additional fashionable touch. A hat and a pair of sunglasses are helpful in protecting you from the sun. If you prefer, wearing jewellery is a stylish way to travel. However, be sure to keep it minimal and travel-friendly.

For Men Travellers

• Tops: You can choose T-shirts, Polo shirts and button-down shirts with sleeves depending on the local temperatures.
• Bottoms: Jeans, chinos and comfortable shorts with pockets are great for various activities.
• Outerwear: If you travel during winter, you should bring a light jacket and layer up. If you travel during the rainy season, be sure to bring a rain jacket.
• Undergarments: Be sure to bring enough underwear for your entire trip..
• Sleepwear: Comfortable pyjamas or a pair of comfortable tops and bottoms are easy options. 
• Footwear: Sneakers are great for casual wear, walking and staying active. Bringing a pair of sandals or flip flops is ideal for beach vacation.
• Accessories: A belt is an effortless way to complement outfits. You should bring a hat and sunglasses to protect yourself from the sun.

Young Children Travellers

Keeping your children involved is a perfect way to boost excitement before the trip. Photo by perfectlab on stock.adobe.com

• Tops: Choose breathable materials of T-shirts and long-sleeved shirts.
• Bottoms: Comfortable options for pants are leggings and joggers.
• Dresses: For girls, dresses are easy clothing items with versatility.
• Outerwear: A light jacket and a raincoat or waterproof jacket should be included, depending on the local weather conditions.
• Undergarments: Bring comfortable, easy-to-dry and easy-to-wear choices with enough items for the entire trip.
• Sleepwear: Pyjamas are popular sleepwear for children.
• Swimsuit: If swimming and beach day are included in the itinerary.
• Footwear: Comfortable closed-toe shoes that are suitable for sock wearing. Sandals are good walking shoes for destinations with warm climates.
• Accessories: A backpack, a pair of sunglasses and a hat that align with each child's preferences. 

Baby Travellers

• Onesies: Bring a few pairs of cotton onesies that are breathable.
• Tops: T-shirts and long-sleeved shirts are good for layering up or changing in tropical destinations.
• Bottoms: Leggings, sweatpants and cotton shorts that are easy to mix-and-match with tops' colours.
• Sleepsacks: Comfortable to wear during sleep time.
• Socks and hat: Depending on the climate, you should pack a few pairs of socks, sun hat or beanie.

Toiletries and Medications: General List

Each family has different daily routines. Therefore, you use this list for reference when creating your own checklist. Adapting your checklist to the destination's weather, for example, sunscreen and insect repellents are the must-haves for tropical destinations.

Travel-sized containers is good for air travel and security screenings. Photo by galitskaya on stock.adobe.com

However, it is important to be extra prepared for unexpected cases and bring over-the-counter medications for common travel-related health problems. For extra preparation and faster responding time in emergencies, you can prepare a medical ID card for each family member with medical conditions, allergies and blood type information.

If you travel with a baby, you should include essential baby items such as diapers, wipes, rash cream, baby wash and thermometer. It is a good practice to prepare a carry-on bag with baby-specific essentials that you might need during a flight, on a day trip or at any point during your vacation. 

For security screening, remember to check your airline's restrictions, follow the TSA 3-1-1 rule , use travel-sized containers for liquids and gels . When packing medications, it is best to bring them in their original labelled containers and have your digital or physical copy of your family's prescriptions.

Summary of toiletries and medications:

• Hygiene toiletries : Shampoo, conditioner, body wash, toothpaste and toothbrushes
• Personal care : Razors, shaving cream and female care products
• Skincare : Sunscreen, lip balm and moisturiser
• Medications : Over-the-counter medications (e.g. pain relievers, diarrheal medication, cold medications), prescription medications and a first-aid kit
• Baby-specific items : Feeding, diapering, baby care essentials and baby carrier

Electronics: Entertainment and Daily Use

There are many options for electronics usage on the road. Photo by DragonImages on stock.adobe.com

Smartphones are essential for staying connected, using travel-related apps, and capturing memories. If you plan to travel internationally, it's ideal to bring a few universal adapters for family members. 

Be sure to pack your chargers and portable chargers to avoid running out of battery during the trip. When planning your family travel packing list, note that power banks are not allowed in checked luggage and should be in your carry-on bags.

Tablets and gaming devices are among the most popular entertainment options for many children and adults. You can tailor your entertainment-specific electronics to your family preferences and children's ages.

For long flights, check whether your airline offers in-flight entertainment options and ensure that your family can sit together . If you wish to reduce screen time, consider skipping devices for entertainment. Classic travel games are wonderful alternatives.

Summary of electronics:

• Daily use : Smartphones, chargers, universal power adapters, power banks and waterproof cases for smartphones
• Entertainment use : Gaming devices , tablets, e-readers, headphones , colouring books, crayons, books.

Travel Tips: For Family Travel

Prepare your family travel packing list together to increase excitement and foster involvement from every family member. This can be done in selecting activities as well. Let your children be involved in planning, packing and choosing out their outfits. Remember to choose clothes that are easy to mix different outfits. 

Staying healthy and safe on the road is the number one priority. You can practise good hygiene by ensuring hands are washed frequently. You should be careful with food and drink , especially for children, as different areas and eateries have varied hygiene standards (tap water is unsafe to drink in many countries, for example).

Regarding safety, ID bracelets are a safety tool that can help parents reduce the stress of losing young children in crowded places. There are silicone wristbands, engravable wristbands and write-on wristbands for you to choose from. Depending on your child's age and actual needs, you can find many ID bracelets in online stores and medical supply stores.

Depending on your destination, spending habits and travel style, you can bring a combination of cash and cards with you. Keep in mind that a moderate amount of cash is recommended as there is the risk of theft. When paying for larger bills such as hotels, consider the foreign transaction fees and interest charges if you are using credit cards.

You should create digital copies of important documents such as passports before travelling. There are different ways to scan documents, you can use a scanner, a smartphone app or take photos using your phone. Using cloud storage services is an easy way to keep your important files accessible.

Make the Most of Your Family Holiday

Planning goes a long way. When you have a comprehensive family travel packing list, you can pack smarter and feel less stressed by knowing that you have all the travel essentials accounted for. 

Travelling with family is a fantastic way to bond while exploring the big wide world. Based on your chosen destination, planned itinerary, personal preferences and children's ages, you can pack strategically and have a wonderful family vacation ahead.

Are you ready to pack your bags and get everyone in the family ready? Follow us for more travel tips, save and share this article to your fellow travel companions.

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Money blog: Map shows where house prices are rising and falling

Welcome to the Money blog, a hub for personal finance and consumer news and tips. Today's posts include Zoopla data on where house prices are rising and falling. Leave a comment on any of the stories we're covering in the form below.

Wednesday 28 August 2024 07:09, UK

• Map shows house price change in each region - with most up
• Fuel prices are 6p more than they should be - RAC
• PM tells Britons he'll make 'big asks' of them in budget

Essential reads

• Top chef shares cheap soup recipe - as he picks best budget eats in Kent
• Has the Nike trainer bubble burst?
• Half of young people doing 'big no-no' with holiday money - here's the golden rules

Tips and advice

• Hidden refund option that could save you hundreds of pounds
• Best mortgage rates for first-time buyers right now
• How to spend less on school uniform

Ask a question or make a comment

Every Wednesday we ask Michelin chefs to pick their favourite budget eats where they live and when they cook at home. This week we speak to Stephen Harris, chef-patron at one-starred gastropub The Sportsman in Whitstable, Kent.

Hi Stephen, can you tell us your favourite places in Kent where you can get a meal for two for less than £40?

I love going to The Refectory in St Dunstan's, Canterbury. I go with my son every Saturday morning on my way to The Goods Shed farmers market. The food is brunch/breakfast but done in that Aussie style whereby it has restaurant standards. I often have eggs benedict or just scrambled egg on toast. The coffee is also top drawer. It is very busy and a queue often builds up, but it is worth the wait.

I also love going to the Harbour Street Tapas in Whitstable. I like to go early in the evening and I always have the Iberico ham. We have been taking my son since he was about three and he has learnt how to go to restaurants through this place. The staff are great and we are lucky to have it at the end of our road.

What is your go-to cheap eat to cook at home when you have a night in?

I love to cook a vegetable stew when I am not at work. I use an unusual method as I put all of the trimmings of the veg in a pan and add aromatics like dried cep, ginger, soy sauce, herbs, tomato puree and make a stock by covering it in water and bringing it to the boil - taking it off after a couple of minutes.

I fry a chopped onion in olive oil, then add the veg according to what is about and add the hardest veg first, eg carrot, celery, chilli, herbs, garlic, peppers, courgettes, tomatoes (freshly chopped) and then either potatoes or beans. 

After they have all been softened, I pour over the stock made of trimmings and aromatics and cook it until the stock has reduced and evaporated - you have a nice, thick sauce.

The result is a healthy veg-based meal which tastes really good.

How did you get into cheffing?

I only became a chef at the age of 34 because I wanted to open a restaurant and I like cooking. Before that I was a history teacher and then a financial consultant. 

I taught myself to cook but I got a job in a kitchen in London to learn how restaurants operate in preparation for opening my own place. I worked as a commis chef at The Fire Station in Waterloo before moving back to Kent in 1996.

We've spoken to lots of top chefs - check out their Cheap Eats from around the country here...

House prices have risen by 1.4% so far this year and are on track to be 2.5% higher annually by the end of 2024, according to one measure of market conditions.

Zoopla's latest house price index also shows that buyer demand has risen by a fifth compared with this time last year, while the supply of homes for sale is at a seven-year high.

"All key measures of sales market activity are higher than 2023 supported by economic growth and rising consumer confidence," the property portal said.

Annually, the cost of the average home has risen by 0.5% - but the picture differs across the country, as this map shows...

Most areas have seen an improvement, though the South West, South East, East of England and East Midlands have recorded "small falls", Zoopla noted.

Overall, the UK's housing market is "more balanced than at any time in the last five years", it said.

"Lower mortgage rates and an improving economic outlook has bought more sellers and buyers into the market...

"Our view is average mortgage rates will remain above 4%, which is sufficient to support more homes moves and sales," it added.

Fuel retailers are being urged to "do the right thing" and cut prices for motorists as wholesale costs fall.

The RAC has issued an appeal to retailers up and down the country to reflect a "steady drop" in costs, "which began at the start of July and accelerated sharply last week".

What are wholesale costs?

Data from its Fuel Watch service shows the wholesale price of petrol averaged 103p a litre last week, with a retailer margin of 10p. That's 2p more than the long-term average of 8p and should lead to average prices of just under 136p per litre including VAT, the RAC said.

What are costs at the pump?

However, the average price of petrol currently sits at 142p - 6p more. When it comes to diesel, RAC says retailers should be selling the fuel at around 139p per litre - 8p less than the current 147p.

It comes after regulators found last month that fuel prices in the UK remain a rip-off .

RAC head of policy Simon Williams said: "It's all the more outrageous when you factor in the fact we're all meant to be benefitting from a temporary 5p cut in fuel duty, that looks likely to disappear in the coming months.

"Once again, we urge retailers to do the right thing and reflect the lower prices they're paying for wholesale fuel on their forecourts."

Asda has been forced to apologise after an IT glitch meant thousands of customers who ordered from its clothing range were left out of pocket.

It comes after the supermarket upgraded George's online system as part of an £800m IT project. Asda says all orders have now been fulfilled. 

River Island has threatened to send back clothing to suppliers over quality and sizing issues.

The Times is reporting that the fashion retailer has requested discounts on goods that it says have not met its standards. 

One supplier said River Island had accused it of sending a shipment of tops worth hundreds of thousands of pounds that were "ever so slightly too short in length. They threatened to send the whole lot back if we didn't agree to a discount".

According to Waitrose we are buying more treats , with early signs people are feeling increasingly confident about their finances.

James Bailey, Waitrose's executive director, said the grocer was seeing more sales of its premium products compared to this time last year.

He said that earlier in August, sales of its premium own-brand No.1 range were up about a fifth compared with the same week a year ago, in terms of volume.

Other premium labels, such as its Duchy Organic food and drink products, were also selling better than last year, he added.

Retail sales have dropped for the third month in a row, new data suggests.

The Confederation of British Industry's (CBI) latest Distributive Trades Survey found that sales have been "poor" in August.

The latest report's headline retail sales balance hit -27% for the month, as significantly more retailers witnessed a dip in sales.

However, it did represent an improvement, following a balance of -43% in July.

Martin Sartorius, principal economist at the CBI, struck a hopeful note: "Although households seem to still be feeling the pinch from the cost-of-living crisis, firms should gradually begin to see some tailwinds from consumers' rising real incomes."

By Katie Williams and Brad Young , Money reporters

Half of young people are making the costly error of exchanging pounds for foreign currency at the airport instead of sorting it before their trip, a new survey has found.

Research from Compare the Market found that nearly three in 10 holidaymakers (28%) have opted for a currency exchange just before their flight - including more than half of people aged 16-24 (51%).

Those aged over 55 (12%) were more prepared, with most exchanging currency elsewhere.

Meanwhile, more than one in five people (22%) said they withdrew money from a cashpoint or bank during their last holiday abroad and were charged a fee, rising to 26% of 16 to 24-year-olds and a third of 25 to 34-year-olds.

Guy Anker, money expert at Compare the Market, said buying currency at the airport is a "big no-no".

Earlier this year we spoke with three travel experts to find out when, where and how to pay abroad to make your money goes as far as possible...

CREDIT CARD

"The  cheapest way to spend overseas is often on plastic , if you've got the right plastic," said James Jones, head of consumer affairs at Experian.

"Using credit and debit cards can be a great way to get the very best exchange rates."

He said rates offered by currency exchange shops are usually "much less attractive" than those offered on some cards, which were much closer to the rates the banks use themselves.

Fees could wipe out any gains

But it's essential to be aware of things like non-sterling transaction fees, cash withdrawal fees and credit card interest.

So shop around for a card with travel rewards, Mr Jones said - and do this before your trip.  

"You probably need to give yourself, ideally, six weeks."

Extra protection

When you book a trip between £100 and £30,000, try and pay for some of it on a credit card to get "extra protection" under Section 75 of the Consumer Credit Act, said Mr Jones.

That means the card provider is jointly responsible with the retailer if something goes wrong, such as arriving at a hotel only to find it has closed down.

If you are using a credit card, make sure you can pay it off in full to avoid interest charges, said Sean Tipton from the Association of British Travel Agents (ABTA).

One trap you must not fall into

An increasingly common trap when paying with card (credit or debit) is being presented with the option to pay in the local currency or in pounds, said Mr Jones and Mr Tipton.

While paying in sterling might "seem like a wonderful convenience" you will ultimately be paying "quite a bit more for the purchase", Mr Jones said.

If you pay in pounds, the local retailer's bank sets the exchange rate, but if you pay in the local currency, your UK bank sets the rate.

DEBIT CARDS

"Some service providers don't apply fees for overseas use on their regular UK debit cards," says Moneyfacts - but you must always check as some incur big fees.

Alternatively, "some service providers offer specialist travel debit cards that don't impose non-sterling transaction fees and cash withdrawal fees".

PREPAID TRAVEL CARDS

If you're looking to avoid a credit check, prepaid cards can be loaded with multiple currencies and work like a debit card, without being connected to your bank.

"Typically, prepaid travel cards will offer competitive or even no charges for foreign usage, which can make them a cheaper alternative to using a normal credit or debit card while on holiday," says MoneyFacts.

One of the most popular prepaid cards, Revolut, uses its own exchange rates, which might not always be the best you can find - and while it is fee free on weekdays, there are charges at weekends, so do your research.

Also be aware - prepaid cards do not offer purchase protection like a credit card and aren't regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority.

"Don't rely solely on a card - it can backfire on you if you do," said Mr Tipton.

Some taxis only take cash, leaving you to face hefty charges withdrawing from an ATM.

In some countries, like Argentina, it can be difficult to get money out of ATMs without a local bank account, Mr Tipton said.

Mr Jones added: "If you're in a very remote part of the world that actually doesn't have many ATMs and maybe where cash is king, then that might dictate what you need to do."

Where and when to get cash

"I'd strongly recommend [to] get some cash out in the UK," said Mr Tipton.

It can be difficult to find a bureau de change in some developing nations, and ATMs have "started introducing quite hefty charges" across the board, he said.

The exceptions are countries with really high inflation rates, where it may make more sense to get cash out when you arrive, he added.

When to exchange currency really depends on the destination, said Laura Plunkett, head of travel money at the Post Office.

"Exchange rates change frequently, so if you have time, do your homework and lock in a rate when it is good."

What is a good exchange rate for Europe?

Some 80% of British holidays abroad take place in the Eurozone, said Mr Tipton.

The rate has remained "fairly stable", but if you see the pound increasing in value that may be the time to buy a larger amount of Euros for a couple of years in advance, he added.

Mr Tipton said 1.2 to the pound is a "pretty healthy" time to buy, but "it is a bit of a lottery".

Every year the pound gets stronger against the South African rand, and the same in Argentina, where the peso is "unbelievably weak", Mr Tipton suggested.

In store or online?

"Most online suppliers will insist on a minimum order value that might be too high for some people, and you'll have to make sure that you're home for when it's delivered," said Ms Plunkett.

"But typically, rates are better online if that's an option for you."

Terry's is hoping to move "beyond" just being known for its famous chocolate orange and is launching a milk chocolate ball.

It will come in the same 20-segment format as its orange counterpart - to enable some "familiarity" to shoppers, Terry's has said. 

It will roll into "all major retailers" in September, with full distribution in October. The expected price will be £2, putting it on par with previous versions (although you can usually find them on sale somewhere - they're currently £1 at Asda and £1.50 at Tesco). 

It comes after Terry's launched its chocolate mint ball last year, which sold out halfway through the Christmas season (it will also return again this year). 

"Terry's is an institution so anything we do needs to respect the love that our customers have for it," said Terry's senior marketing manager Lorène Decam.

"We are always very careful to balance innovation with the brand's core." 

It's not the first time the brand has tried to innovate - some slightly less successful predecessors to the famous orange were Terry's chocolate apple (1926) and the Terry's chocolate lemon (1970).  

If you're looking to consolidate your credit card debt, you may find that some of the top deals have worsened - with several big banks reducing the amount of interest-free time they allow.

An 0% interest card is actually what it says on the tin - you can put spending/debt on it and you won't pay any interest for a set amount of time. It can be a good option if you are looking to spread out spending on a high-value item, such as a sofa or washing machine. 

But once the interest-free period ends, you can quickly rack up interest, with the average rate of APR standing at 35.6%.

While consumers could find offers of up to 30 months (two-and-a-half years) interest-free, these are becoming harder to come by, according to Moneyfactscompare.co.uk . 

Tesco Bank, one of the market leaders, has reduced its 0% balance transfer offer from 29 months down to 27 months. 

And a month ago, Virgin Money cut its 28-month 0% balance transfer offer to 26 months.

In August 2023, the top offer was 30 months interest-free - today it is 28 months.

If you are shopping around for a new interest-free card, it's worth being aware of exactly when your rate ends, as the interest can quickly stack up. 

Set a calendar reminder a month ahead of time, and try and stick to repayments to ensure the debt is cleared in time. 

A typical small business (such as a restaurant, pub or independent retailer) is now paying over £5,000 more a year in energy bills than before the energy crisis in 2021.

Data from Cornwall Insight 's newly launched Business Energy Cost Forecast predicts annual electricity bills for a "typical small business" to be an average of £13,264 by April 2025 - 70% more than they were before the energy crisis began.

While this is a decrease on 2022-23, when the bill for a typical small business rocketed higher than £20,000, the market has never fully recovered from the impact of the energy crisis and Russia's invasion of Ukraine. 

And, unlike household energy bills, businesses do not benefit from any price cap to protect them.

"For all the criticism of the household energy price cap, it does provide a level of protection that businesses simply do not have," says Dr Craig Lowrey, principal consultant at Cornwall Insight. 

"Given the impact of the cost of living crisis on consumer spending and high street trade, the government will need to seriously consider how to support businesses with their high energy costs if they want to prevent further closures."

By Sarah Taaffe-Maguire , business reporter

Last week we brought you news of the pound hitting its highest level against the US dollar since March 2022. 

After a slight dip, sterling is back at those levels with £1 buying more than $1.32. 

It's good for any Britons travelling to America or buying anything in dollars, as your pound is literally giving you more bang for your buck.

The currency shift comes after the chair of the Federal Reserve declared that "the time has come" for an interest rate cut.

Higher interest rates are generally supportive of a domestic currency - one reason is investors get more for their money.

A lack of guidance on how many cuts are likely across the rest of the year bolstered market predictions that several were on the cards before the end of 2024.

That has pushed the US currency sharply down against a basket of international rivals.

The pound is doing well,  but not quite as well, against the euro, as £1 will get you €1.18, the most since the very start of this month. 

The oil price is up about to $81.04 for a barrel of the benchmark Brent crude, the highest in nearly two weeks. 

The UK's benchmark stock exchange index, the FTSE 100 index of most valuable companies on the London Stock Exchange, is up 0.46%. 

The larger FTSE 250 index of more UK-based companies rose 0.19%.

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