travel permit for child

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International travel documents for children

See what documents a child needs to travel to or from the U.S. alone or with a parent or relative.

Children traveling to the U.S.

All children, including infants, must have their own travel documents such as a passport or document from a Trusted Traveler Program to enter the U.S. If you travel or are going to travel with a child, consider taking the following documents:

• If the child is traveling with only one of their custodial parents, they must have a letter of consent, preferably in English and notarized, from the other parent or signed by both parents. The letter should say "I acknowledge that my son/daughter is traveling outside the country with [the name of the adult] with my permission."
• If one parent has sole custody of the child, a copy of the custody document can take the place of the other parent's letter.
• Parents who frequently cross the border by land with a minor must always carry a letter of permission from the other parent.

U.S. citizen children traveling abroad

Ports of entry in many countries have security measures to prevent international child abduction . If you are traveling alone with your child, you may be required to present documentation proving you are the parent or legal guardian. You may also need a letter of permission from the other parent for your child to travel. 

If your child travels alone, depending on the country, they may be required to present a notarized letter from both parents or their legal guardian. If a minor is traveling abroad and is not accompanied by both parents or a legal guardian, contact the embassy or consulate of the country you will be visiting and ask about entry and exit requirements for that country.

LAST UPDATED: October 31, 2023

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Minor (Child) Travel Consent Form

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Updated September 23, 2023

A child travel consent form  allows a minor to travel alone or with another person or group. It is written by one or both parents and can be used for domestic or international travel.

When to Use

When a child travels alone or with relatives, friends, an organization, or a group.

Common Rules (3)

• Minors (Traveling Alone)
• Traveling with One Parent (U.S. law)
• Medical Decisions

1. Minors (Traveling Alone) [1]

• Under 5 years old – Must be accompanied by someone at least 12 years of age flying in the same cabin (18 years with some airlines).
• 5  to 11 years old – Direct flights only.
• 12 to 15 years old – Travel permitted nationwide, including connections.
• 15+ years – No consent required. This includes international flights.

It’s recommended to view an airline’s “ unaccompanied minors ” procedures, such as:

• American Airlines

2. Traveling with One Parent (U.S. law)

The U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) recommends if a child is traveling with one parent, especially if the parents are divorced, to carry a note from the other parent stating their consent to the trip. [2] The note can be as simple as the following:

“I, [YOUR NAME] acknowledge that my spouse is traveling out of the country with my [SON/DAUGHTER] . My spouse has my full permission to do so with this authorization.” Signature: ______________________

Signing or attaching a notary acknowledgment is recommended.

3. Medical Decisions

Download: PDF , MS Word , OpenDocument

MINOR (CHILD) TRAVEL CONSENT

 I. THE PARENT(S) .

I/We, [PARENT(S)/GUARDIAN(S) NAME] , am/are the lawful custodial parent(s) and/or non-custodial parent(s) or legal guardian(s) of:

 II. THE MINOR .

Full Name : [MINOR’S NAME] Date of Birth : [DOB] Place of Birth : [LOCATION] Passport Number (if applicable): [9 DIGITS]

• Country of Issuance : [COUNTRY]
• Date Issuance : [DATE]
• Date of Expiration : [DATE]

III. TRAVELING ALONE/ACCOMPANYING PERSON . (check one)

☐ – I authorize my child to travel alone .

☐ – I authorize my child to travel with the following individual/organization :

• Individual/Organization Name : [FULL NAME]
• Relationship to Child (if applicable): [RELATIONSHIP]

IV. ITINERARY .

I authorize my child to travel to the following location [LOCATION] during the period beginning on [START DATE] , and ending on [END DATE] .

V. SIGNATURE(S) .

Parent / Legal Guardian Signature: _________________ Date: ______________ Print Name: _______________________

• Transportation.gov – When Kids Fly Alone (pdf)
• CBP FAQs – Travel Documents for Infants

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I-131, Application for Travel Document

Alert:  Beginning July 1, 2022, we will issue a new travel authorization document to Temporary Protected Status (TPS) beneficiaries: Form I-512T, Authorization for Travel by a Noncitizen to the United States, at our discretion if we find the beneficiary merits this authorization. We will no longer issue advance parole documents as evidence of our prior authorization for a TPS beneficiary to be permitted to reenter the United States if the beneficiary travels outside the United States.

Beginning July 1, 2022, we will issue a new travel authorization document to Temporary Protected Status (TPS) beneficiaries: Form I-512T, Authorization for Travel by a Noncitizen to the United States, at our discretion if we find the beneficiary merits this authorization. We will no longer issue advance parole documents as evidence of our prior authorization for a TPS beneficiary to be permitted to reenter the United States if the beneficiary travels outside the United States.

If you are a TPS beneficiary with an existing, unexpired advance parole document, you may continue to travel and seek reentry  to the United States after a trip outside the United States through the period of validity printed on your advance parole document.

If you are a TPS beneficiary applying for a new travel authorization document, you should continue to use Form I-131, Application for Travel Document. If you have a pending Form I-131, you do not need to file a new application.

We will continue to issue advance parole documents to noncitizens with pending initial applications for TPS (Form I-821).

TPS beneficiaries and individuals with pending initial TPS applications should carefully read the Form I-131 Instructions which contain warnings about certain risks an individual may face if they are outside of the United States while USCIS is considering their TPS reregistration or initial application, such as missing important request for evidence or other notices or being denied TPS while outside the United States.  

ALERT: Court decisions regarding DACA.

On Sept. 13, 2023, the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Texas issued a decision finding the DACA Final Rule unlawful and expanding the original July 16, 2021 injunction and order of vacatur to cover the Final Rule. However, the court maintained a partial stay of the order for “all DACA recipients who received their initial DACA status prior to July 16, 2021.” See the Memorandum and Order (PDF, 1.35 MB)  and Supplemental Order of Injunction (PDF, 72.53 KB) .

Accordingly, current grants of DACA and related Employment Authorization Documents (EADs) remain valid until they expire, unless individually terminated.  In accordance with this decision, USCIS will continue to accept and process DACA renewal requests and accompanying applications for employment authorization under the DACA regulations at 8 CFR 236.22 and 236.23, as it has since October 31, 2022. We will also continue to accept initial DACA requests, but in accordance with the District Court’s order, we will not process initial DACA requests. 

Current valid grants of DACA and related EADs will continue to be recognized as valid under the Final Rule. This means that individuals with DACA and related EADs do not have to submit a request for DACA or employment authorization until the appropriate time to seek renewal.

Please see the  DACA Litigation Information Page  for important updates and information related to court rulings on the DACA policy.

Use this form to apply for a reentry permit, refugee travel document, TPS travel authorization document, advance parole travel document (including parole into the United States for urgent humanitarian reasons or significant public benefit), or advance permission to travel for Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI) long-term residents.

If you file this form to request an advance parole document and depart the United States without having an advance parole document that is valid for the entire time you are outside the United States, we will consider your Form I-131 abandoned. If you file this form to request an advance permission to travel for CNMI long-term residents document and depart the CNMI without having an advance permission travel document, your status will automatically terminate

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Form Details

Form I-131 (PDF, 452.39 KB)

Instructions for Form I-131 (PDF, 364.5 KB)

06/06/23 . E. You can find the edition date at the bottom of the page on the form and instructions.

Dates are listed in mm/dd/yy format.

If you complete and print this form to mail it, make sure that the form edition date and page numbers are visible at the bottom of all pages and that all pages are from the same form edition. If any of the form’s pages are missing or are from a different form edition, we may reject your form.

If you need help downloading and printing forms, read our instructions . 

Please check our Filing Addresses for Form I-131  page for information on where to mail your application. Applications that are not submitted to the appropriate direct filing address may experience processing delays.

You can pay the fee with a money order, personal check, cashier’s check, or pay by credit card using Form G-1450, Authorization for Credit Card Transactions . If you pay by check, you must make your check payable to the U.S. Department of Homeland Security.

When you send a payment, you agree to pay for a government service. Filing and biometric services fees are final and non-refundable, regardless of any action we take on your application, petition, or request, or if you withdraw your request.  Use our Fee Calculator to help determine your fee.

Pay each filing fee separately. We are transitioning to electronically processing immigration benefit requests, which requires us to use multiple systems to process your package. We may reject your entire package if you submit a single, combined payment for multiple forms.

Payment if you file at a field office: You cannot pay fees with a money order or cashier’s check when filing at a field office. You can only pay with a personal check, debit card, credit card, a reloadable prepaid credit or debit card.

You do not need to pay an additional fee for Form I-131 if:

• You are filing Form I-131 Application Type B or D;
• You filed a Form I-485 with a fee on/after July 30, 2007; and
• Your Form I-485 is still pending.

For refugee travel document applications filed from outside of the United States, you must pay the applicable fee(s) to the cashier at the USCIS overseas office, U.S. Embassy or Consulate with jurisdiction over your location. Please see the website of the appropriate embassy or consulate to confirm acceptable forms of payment. Include the fee receipt from the U.S. Embassy or Consulate when you file your application package.

Please do not mail cash, personal checks or traveler’s checks. If you do not include a fee receipt with your filing, we will reject your application.

Please do not submit this checklist with your Form I-131. The checklist is an optional tool to use as you prepare your form, but does not replace statutory, regulatory, and form instruction requirements. We recommend that you review these requirements before completing and submitting your form. Do not send original documents unless specifically requested in the form instructions or applicable regulations.

If you submit any documents (copies or original documents, if requested) in a foreign language, you must include a full English translation along with a certification from the translator verifying that the translation is complete and accurate, and that they are competent to translate from the foreign language into English.

Did you provide the following?

• A copy of an official photo identity document;
• Proof of refugee or asylee status;
• A statement explaining the reason for a “yes” response to any question in Part 6 ; and
• Two identical color passport-style photographs of yourself taken within 30 days of filing this application;
• Evidence of your last date of departure from the United States, if available (such as airline tickets, boarding passes, etc.);
• Fee receipt as proof you have paid the applicable filing fee(s) for the application at the USCIS Office or U.S. embassy or consulate with jurisdiction over your location outside the United States; and
• The purpose of your trip outside the United States. Include documentary evidence to support your reasons for departure from the United States, if available;
• The reason you departed the United States without first applying for a refugee travel document;
• A description of where you have traveled since your departure from the United States;
• Your activities while outside the United States; and
• An explanation of whether you intended to abandon your refugee or asylum status at the time you left the United States.
• A copy of the front and back of your Permanent Resident Card (also known as a Green Card or a Form I-551);
• A copy of the biographic pages of your passport and a copy of the immigrant visa page showing your initial admission as a lawful permanent resident;
• A copy of the Form I-797, Notice of Action, approval notice of your application to replace your Permanent Resident Card (also known as a Green Card or a Form I-551); 
• Temporary evidence of lawful permanent resident status; and
• Certified English translations of non-English documents (if applicable).
• Two identical passport-style photographs of yourself taken within 30 days of the filing of this application;
• A copy of any document showing your current status in the United States;
• Evidence that your trip is for educational, employment, or humanitarian purposes;
• An explanation or other evidence showing the circumstances that warrant issuance of an advance parole document;
• A copy of a USCIS receipt as evidence that you filed the adjustment application, if you are an applicant for adjustment of status; and
• A copy of the U.S. consular appointment letter, if you are traveling to Canada to apply for an immigrant visa.
• A copy of a photo identity document for beneficiary, petitioner, and sponsor;
• A copy of the beneficiary’s passport identity page;
• A description of the urgent humanitarian or significant public benefit reason, including documentation of a need for expedited handling, and the length of time for which the beneficiary needs parole;
• A completed Form I-134 with appropriate documentation as described in the form instructions;
• A statement explaining why the beneficiary cannot obtain a U.S. visa (if applicable);
• A statement explaining why the beneficiary cannot obtain a waiver of inadmissibility (if applicable); and
• A copy of any decision on immigrant/nonimmigrant applications or petitions.

Read more information about the types of evidence that may be relevant to specific parole requests on our Humanitarian Parole page.

Complete all sections of the form. We will reject the form if these fields are missing:

• Family Name
• Physical Address
• Date of Birth
• 1.a. – 1.f.
• Family Name (If 1.f. selected)
• Physical Address (If 1.f. selected)

Filing Tips:  Review our  Tips for Filing Forms by Mail  page for information on how to ensure we will accept your form.

Don’t forget to sign your form. We will reject any unsigned form.

E-Notification: If you want to receive an e-mail or text message that we have accepted  your form at a USCIS lockbox, complete  Form G-1145, E-Notification of Application/Petition Acceptance , and clip it to the first page of your form.

• How Do I Get a Reentry Permit? (PDF, 667.32 KB)
• Re-Parole Process for Certain Afghans 

Filing Information

• Card Delivery Tracking
• Department of State: Photo Specifications
• Travel Documents

Free Minor Travel Consent Form

A minor travel consent form is a legal document, signed by a child's parents and/or legal guardians, giving permission for the child to travel with another adult. Any time a child travels abroad without both parents and/or legal guardians, they need to have this written permission.

If a child is traveling internationally with only one parent or with another adult (i.e., a relative, friend, teacher, etc.), an immigration officer, airline employee, or travel company may ask for this signed letter of consent. If a child is traveling with an adult that is not a legal guardian and without express written permission, travel will be stalled until authorities can locate and contact the child's legal guardian and secure the proper permission.

You can download the minor travel consent form in PDF format using the link provided. The sample form below is a guide only, but it can be copy/pasted into a word processing program like Word or Google Docs.

Minor (Child) Travel Consent Form

To Whom It May Concern:

I/We,                                                                                                                     (Full Name(s) of Custodial and/or Non-Custodial Parent(s)/Legal Guardian(s))

am/are the lawful custodial parent(s) and/or non-custodial parent(s) or legal guardian(s) of:

                                                                                           (Full Name of Accompanying Person)

                                                                                           (U.S. or Foreign Passport Number)

                                                                                           Date and Place of Issuance of This Passport)

                                                                                                     ((Name of Foreign Country)

during the period of

                                                                                                     ((Dates of Travel: Departure and Return)

During that period,

                            ((Childs Name)

will be residing with

                            ((Name of Person with Whom the Child will be Residing in Foreign Country)

at the following address:

                            ((Number/street address and apartment number)

                            ((City, State/Province, Country)

                            ((Telephone and fax numbers)

Signature:                             Date:                    (Custodial Parent, and/or Non-Custodial Parent or Legal Guardian)

Full Name:                                                                                           

Signed before me,

                                                                                           , (Full Name of Witness)

this                             at                                                                                            . ((Date) and (Location))

Signature of Witness:                                                                                           

Download: Minor Travel Consent Form

Minor Travel Consent Form Notary Requirements

We strongly recommend that you have any child travel consent form notarized. This can prevent issues establishing the authority and credibility of your documentation.

It can be challenging to find and secure the services of a notary in person. Thankfully, it is possible to use an online notary service to notarize your minor travel consent form. This can save you serious time and stress.

We recommend using NotaryLive , a fully-secure, online notirization platform with an "Excellent" rating from TrustPilot . NotaryLive is fast, affordable, and fully compliant with state law, so you can be sure your notarized minor travel consent form is both legal and valid.

Note: Parents who share custody of their children should each carry copies of the legal custody documents. You can also contact the embassy of the country or countries the minor child will be visiting to confirm travel entry requirements. This proactive step can help avoid issues at border crossings and during the child's stay abroad.

Related Articles: Getting Passports for Minors

How to get a passport for a minor

Form DS-3053: Consent to Issue Passport to Minor

Where to apply for a minor's passport

Minor Passport FAQ

Expedite a child's passport in 24-48 hours

Can one parent apply for minor child's passport?

Unaccompanied Minors

Airlines have general rules about the ages and circumstances where children can fly alone, too. There are also usually additional fees that come with buying a ticket for a minor that will be traveling without an adult. As part of that extra cost, many airlines offer some additional supervisory and support services to be sure the traveling child is safe and comfortable while traveling on their own.

For more, check out our guide to unaccompanied minors traveling internationally . There, you will find details about the considerations, accommodations, and policies that apply to kids traveling internationally without an adult parent or guardian.

More Tips for Parents of Minors Traveling Abroad

Besides proper documentation, there are other ways to help a child have a safe international trip. Any time your child is traveling without you, give yourself peace of mind by taking these proactive steps.

Use a GPS Tracker to Keep Track of Your Child While Abroad

GPS technology makes it possible to pinpoint a person's exact location, anywhere in the world. If your child is traveling without you, it makes sense to keep a GPS tracker on their person so that you know where they are. You can also use additional trackers to help keep tabs on your child's luggage or other valuables.

• Apple AirTags are small, inexpensive GPS tags that can be purchased individually or in packs of 4 . They use bluetooth connectivity and the vast number of Apple users across the globe to create a reliable GPS tracking network. Using your iPhone or Apple device, you can ping any AirTag that is linked to your AppleID and locate it quickly. Thanks to its small size, an AirTag can easily be tucked into luggage, sewn into a child's clothing, or stashed in a travel wallet.
• JioBit is an all-in-one GPS tracking system specifically designed for tracking your child. While it is more expensive than Apple AirTags, JioBit is a durable and secure alternative-particularly useful for those who don't already have an Apple device.

Use a Parent-Controlled Debit Card

Traveling costs add up. Everything from food, transportation, lodging, and fun comes with a price. If your child is traveling without you, you want to be sure they have the money they need, but also that it is being protected.

There are a number of debit cards that allow parents to keep an eye on their child's spending as well as their remaining balance. Should your child and their card become separated, you have the ability to prevent unauthorized purchases and possibly even get a replacement sent to wherever your child is staying.

Related Articles: Traveling with a Minor FAQ

Is a minor consent form necessary?

What do grandparents need to travel with a grandchild?

Does father need consent to travel alone with minor child?

Does minor need passport to go on a cruise?

Does minor need passport to enter Canada?

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Please contact us if you have any travel related questions - especially ones about passports and visa expediting. We usually respond to e-mails within 24 hours, oftentimes the same day. We are committed to working with you until you get the answer you need.

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Free Parental Consent Forms for Minors Traveling Alone

While children between the ages of five and 18 can fly by themselves, younger children in this range usually must participate in an airline's unaccompanied minor program (specific age requirements vary per airline).

If your minor child will be traveling domestically, you will typically need to fill out paperwork through the airline's unaccompanied minor program. But if your minor child will be traveling out of the country alone, with one parent, or with someone other than a parent or legal guardian, he will likely need to carry a notarized letter of consent (and perhaps a medical letter of consent) signed by his parents in addition to the unaccompanied minor program paperwork. Use this guide as a helpful jumping off point regarding such letters of consent, but we advise referring to airline and government websites for more specific information. 

What Is a Child Travel Consent Form?

Because of increasing instances of child abduction in custody cases and a growing number of children who are the victims of trafficking or pornography, government and airline personnel are now more vigilant about traveling children. Therefore, your child will likely be asked by an immigration officer or airline staff member will ask for a letter of consent if he or she is traveling without both parents.

A Child Travel Consent Form is a legal document that allows a minor child to travel without both parents or legal guardians present. It can be used when a child is traveling as an unaccompanied minor, or with another adult who is not the legal guardian, such as a grandparent , teacher, sports coach, or friend of the family. It is advisable for all travel and is particularly important when a minor is traveling outside the country .

The document should include:

• Minor's name, birthplace, and passport information
• Permission from the non-traveling parent or guardian, including his or her contact information
• Relevant information about the traveling parent or guardian, including name, custody information, and passport details
• Travel information, such as the destination and start and end dates for the trip. Note that the consent is temporary and specific to this one trip
• Allergy and special needs information pertaining to the child
• Signature of the non-traveling parent who is giving permission for the child to travel

Be aware that specific rules about documentation can differ substantially from country to country, so you should check the U.S. State Department International Travel website for information about the requirements for your destination country. Find your destination country, click the tab for "Entry, Exit, & Visa Requirements," then scroll down to "Travel with Minors."

What Is a Child Medical Consent Form?

If a minor child is traveling without a parent or legal guardian, a Child Medical Consent Form grants authority to a chaperone to make medical decisions. The form grants temporary medical power of attorney to another adult in case of a medical emergency. You've probably filled out such a form in the past for your child's daycare or school, or for field trips, sleepover camp, and other situations.

• Minor's name and birthplace
• Authorized medical treatments
• Health information about the child
• Identity of the person being granted responsibility
• Health insurance information

There are a number of websites that offer free templates for travel forms. Here are some reliable options:

Free Child Travel Consent LetterFrom LawDepot.com

This form takes five to 10 minutes to complete. Answer a few simple questions and then choose to to print or download.

Free Child Travel Consent Letter From eForms.com

This five-step fill-in-the-blank template is straightforward and easy to complete. The user can select his or her home state from a pulldown menu.

Free Child Travel Consent Letter From RocketLawyer.com

Build your document, print it out, sign it and get it notarized to make it legal.

Free Child Travel Consent Letter From LegalTemplates.net

Follow the directions on the site to complete the form. Then e-sign, download, and print your legally binding document.

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How the Airlines Handle Unaccompanied Minors

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Visa Requirements for Greece

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Visa Requirements for Hong Kong

Visa Requirements for Finland

Visa Requirements for Germany

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Secure .gov websites use HTTPS A lock ( Lock A locked padlock ) or https:// means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

Traveling with Children

To ensure your security, all travelers are required to undergo screening. However, TSA has developed modified screening procedures for children who appear to be 12 years old and younger. TSA officers will consult parents or the traveling guardian about the best way to relieve any concerns during the screening of a child.

For children 13 years and older, TSA’s standard screening procedures apply . Accessible property of all travelers, regardless of age, must be screened. If there is an alarm, the individual will undergo additional screening.

Children with Medical Conditions, Disabilities, or Mobility Aids

Inform the TSA officer if the child has a disability, medical condition or medical device, and advise the officer of the best way to relieve any concerns during the screening process.

Inform the TSA officer if your child is able to walk through the metal detector or needs to be carried through the metal detector by the parent/guardian. You may carry your child to ease the screening process. The TSA officer will not remove your child from his/her mobility aid, wheelchair or scooter.

Request Assistance

TSA Cares is a helpline to assist travelers with disabilities and medical conditions. Call TSA Cares 72 hours prior  to traveling with questions about screening policies, procedures and what to expect at the security checkpoint. You may also call to request assistance at the checkpoint.

Liquid Formula, Breast Milk, Toddler Drinks, and Baby/Toddler food (to include puree pouches)

Formula, breast milk, toddler drinks, and baby/toddler food (to include puree pouches) in quantities greater than 3.4 ounces or 100 milliliters are allowed in carry-on baggage and do not need to fit within a quart-sized bag. Formula, breast milk, toddler drinks, and baby/toddler food (to include puree pouches) are considered medically necessary liquids. This also applies to breast milk and formula cooling accessories, such as ice packs, freezer packs, and gel packs (regardless of presence of breast milk). Your child or infant does not need to be present or traveling with you to bring breast milk, formula and/or related supplies.

Inform the TSA officer at the beginning of the screening process that you are carrying formula, breast milk, toddler drinks, and baby/toddler food (to include puree pouches) in excess of 3.4 ounces. Remove these items from your carry-on bag to be screened separately from your other belongings. TSA officers may need to test the liquids for explosives or concealed prohibited items.

Although not required, to expedite the screening process, it is recommended that formula and breast milk be transported in clear, translucent bottles and not plastic bags or pouches. Liquids in plastic bags or pouches may not be able to be screened by Bottle Liquid Scanners, and you may be asked to open them (if feasible) for alternate screening such as Explosive Trace Detection and Vapor Analysis for the presence of liquid explosives. Screening will never include placing anything into the medically necessary liquid.

TSA X-ray machines do not adversely affect food or medicines. However, if you do not want the formula, breast milk, toddler drinks, and baby/toddler food (to include puree pouches) to be X-rayed or opened, please inform the TSA officer. Additional steps will be taken to clear the liquid and you or the traveling guardian will undergo additional screening procedures, to include Advanced Imaging Technology screening and additional/enhanced screening of other carry-on property.

Ice packs, freezer packs, frozen gel packs and other accessories required to cool formula, breast milk, toddler drinks, and baby/toddler food (to include puree pouches) – regardless of the presence of breast milk – are also allowed in carry-ons, along with liquid-filled teethers. If these items are partially frozen or slushy, they are subject to the same screening as described above.

Travelers requiring special accommodations or concerned about the security screening process at the airport may request assistance by contacting TSA Cares online at http://www.tsa.gov/contact-center/form/cares or by phone at (855) 787-2227 or federal relay 711.

Screening of Children’s Items

• Place all carry-on baggage such as children's toys, bags and blankets on the X-ray belt for screening.
• Strollers, umbrella-strollers, baby carriers, car and booster seats and backpacks must be screened by X-ray.
• Place items in the stroller pockets or baskets, in a carry-on bag or on the X-ray belt for screening.
• Equipment that does not fit through the X-ray machine will undergo a visual/physical inspection by TSA officers.

Screening Technology

Walk-Through Metal Detector

Children able to walk through the metal detector without assistance may do so separately from their parent or guardian. If they alarm, children are allowed multiple passes through screening technologies and may undergo other procedures to resolve the alarm to reduce the need for a pat-down.

Infants and small children may be carried through the metal detector. Should the alarm sound, additional screening is required.

Advanced Imaging Technology

If your child is able to remain standing in the required position for 5 seconds, he or she may be screened through the advanced imaging technology. If a child 12 and under goes through the machine and alarms, they have an opportunity to go through again or the TSA officer may use other procedures to resolve the alarm to reduce the need for a pat-down.

You may not be screened by this technology when carrying an infant or child.

Screening your Child

• Children 12 and under can leave their shoes, light jackets and headwear on during screening.
• Children will not be separated from their parent/guardian.
• Remove infants and children from strollers and car seats and carry them in arms through the walk-through metal detector.
• Infants may be carried in a sling/carrier (to include lap baby) through the walk-through metal detector or when being screened in a wheelchair, but may be subject to additional screening
• Modified screening procedures are in place to reduce the likelihood of a pat-down.

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• For U.S. Citizens/Lawful Permanent Residents
• Know Before You Go

Before Your Trip

Booking your tickets.

Match Names on Tickets and Documents

Purchase your travel tickets in the exact same name that appears on your passport or official ID. Ensure that all travel documents match that name precisely.

If the names don't match, your travel carrier or the Transportation Security Administration may require additional documents to verify your identity before allowing you to board.

Each Country is Different

Learn the required travel documents for each country you will visit. Find out about specific travel warnings, U.S. import restrictions, and other rules that apply to the countries on your itinerary by visiting www.state.gov/travelers .

Find the latest on making your return to the United States problem free - go to www.cbp.gov/travel .

Documents You Will Need

Carry - do not pack - all travel documents.

• All U.S. citizens need U.S. passport books if re-entering by air. Land and sea border crossings accept additional travel documents, such as U.S. Passport cards and Trusted Traveler cards. Child travelers have additional options - see the Traveling with Children section.
• Green card (Form I-551), or document for lawful permanent residents, or advance parole (Form I-512) if your Form I-551 is pending.
• A visa or other entry document for the countries you will visit.
• Receipts or registration ( CBP Form 4457 ) for new electronics, such as a camera or laptop, that you are taking abroad. (Only suggested if the goods are less than six months old.)
• Proof of rabies vaccination for dogs traveling abroad. Check the requirements for other pets at www.aphis.usda.gov .
• Valid license for driving overseas and for use as a second form of photo ID.
• Permits and/or certificates if bringing restricted animal or plant products - go to www.aphis.usda.gov .
• Medications in their original packages. Bring only the amount of medication you will need. Prescription medications have to be under the traveler's name.
• Envelope to hold the receipts of your purchases abroad.

Traveling with Children

When U.S. citizen children under the age of 16 arrive by land or sea from Canada or Mexico they may present an original or copy of their birth certificate, a Consular Report of Birth Abroad, or a Naturalization Certificate.

Groups of Children: U.S. citizen children under the age of 19 arriving by land or sea from Canada or Mexico and traveling with a school group, religious group, social or cultural organization or sports team, may present an original or copy of their birth certificate, a Consular Report of Birth Abroad, or a Naturalization Certificate. The group should have a letter on organizational letterhead with:

• The name of the group and supervising adult(s).
• The names of the children on the trip and their primary address, phone number, date and place of birth, and name of at least one parent or legal guardian for each child.
• A written and signed statement of the supervising adult certifying that he or she has parental or legal guardian consent for each child.

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Country-Specific Regulations

For the safety of your child, some countries have more restrictions for children traveling with guardians or as an unaccompanied minor. Review the following child travel guidelines for travel from select countries or refer to the U.S. Department of State’s travel website , opens in a new window for more information.

Travel from Brazil

Per Brazilian legislation, Brazilian citizens under the age of 18 and traveling without both parents are required to present additional documentation in order to depart Brazil , opens in a new window  .This requirement also applies to minors with dual nationality or those born in Brazil and who are not Brazilian citizens. 

Resources : For more information regarding Brazil’s documentation requirements, please click on the link below or contact the consulate in the child’s country of residence.

• Cartilha de Viagem de Menores ao Exterior , opens in a new window to view a guide released by Brazilian authorities. 
• To view a standard authorization form please visit:

        http://www.cnj.jus.br/programas-e-acoes/viagem-ao-exterior , opens in a new window

Requirements for passengers under the age of 18:

• Passengers who are traveling with only one of the parents/legal guardians must have a notarized letter with authorization from the other parent/legal guardian
• A passenger traveling alone or accompanied by someone other than the parents/legal guardians must have a notarized letter with authorization from both parents/legal guardians
• Judicial authorization will be required for travel of Brazilian citizens under 18 if accompanied by an adult that is not a Brazilian citizen and resides abroad, provided (1) such adult is not the parent/legal guardian of the minor or (2) the minor, though born in Brazil, does not have Brazilian citizenship

Exemptions: Authorization is not required for minors traveling with both parents or non-Brazilian citizens that were not born in Brazil.

Flying to or from Canada

Minors under age 14 traveling to or from Canada have the option of sitting next to or near a parent, guardian or tutor. Delta makes every reasonable effort to seat children in close proximity to caregivers according to age group:

• Minors under 5: Adjacent seating.
• Minors aged 5–11: Same-row seating with no more than one seat of separation.
• Minors aged 12 or 13: Seated with no more than one row of separation. 

Accommodations may require seat reassignment, and a Delta agent will reseat eligible passengers in these circumstances based on availability. Accommodation may include requesting other passengers to voluntarily change seats at the time of boarding and before takeoff, and as such, cannot be guaranteed. Note: While promoted system-wide, these arrangements pertain only to minors flying to or from Canada. 

If an adjusted seating arrangement results in relocation to a different cabin class, passengers will be reimbursed for the difference if in a lower class of service or asked to provide supplementary payment if a higher class of service is selected, depending on the difference in service level for that cabin.

Travel to or from the Dominican Republic

Travel from italy.

All unaccompanied minors of Italian citizenship under the age of 14 that are traveling internationally are required to have the following documents:

• Individual passport (according to the Ministerial Circular n. 400/A/2012/23.1.3 attached)
• “Dichiarazione di accompagno” duly authorized by the Police Authority (“Questura”). 

The current regulation applies to: 

Italian citizens under 14 years traveling as an Unaccompanied Minor (Requirement)

• In addition to a passport, the passenger must have a notarized affidavit from the parent(s) or legal guardian(s) of the child confirming that the minor has permission to travel as an unaccompanied minor.
• This document must be signed by the parent(s) or by the legal guardian(s) and authenticated by the Police Headquarters (Questura) and include the name of the airline to which the minor is entrusted.

Exemptions:

• Authorization is not required for minors traveling with parents.
• Authorization is not required for non-Italian citizens.
• Authorization is not required for UMNR 14 years and older.

The “Dichiarazione di Accompagno” forms are to be prepared and held by the unaccompanied minor, in the unaccompanied minor envelope with their passport. Find more information on traveling as an unaccompanied minor . 

Copies of the declaration are to be retained by the origination station for 5 Years. Click on the recommended authorization form , opens in a new window for Passengers to follow in Italian

Travel from to/from Mexico

Travel to/from south africa, the amended regulation applies to minor travel if:, 1. both parents are traveling with the minor – (requirement).

Where the minor is a South African national, in addition to a valid passport, parents need an original stamped or sealed birth certificate or certified copy.

Where the minor is a foreign national, a valid passport is all that is required.  See additional details under the “Exemptions” header below. 2. One parent is traveling with a minor – (Requirement)

Where the minor is a South African national, in addition to a valid passport, the parent needs an original stamped or sealed birth certificate or certified copy and one of the applicable items below:

• Parental consent letter from the non-traveling parent listed in the birth certificate — authorizing minor to enter or depart from South Africa.  To be valid, the parent consent letter must not be older than six (6) months from the date presented and must include contact details and a copy of the passport of the non-traveling parent.
• For a sole parent or legal guardian: a court order that indicates full parental responsibilities/rights or legal guardianship
• Where applicable, a death certificate of the other parent who is registered as the parent on the birth certificate

Where the minor is a foreign national , a valid passport is all that is required.  See additional details under the “Exemptions” header below.

3. Persons traveling with a minor that is a South African national who is not their biological child – (Requirement) Where the minor is a South African national , the following documents are required:

• Valid passport for minor
• Certified copy of the birth certificate
• Parental consent letter from the parents or legal guardians of the minor confirming that minor has permission to travel with non-related person
• Copies of the identity documents or passports of the parents or legal guardian of the minor
• Contact details of the parents or legal guardian of the minor
• A certified copy of the death certificates of the parents who are registered as the parents on the birth certificate
• A certified copy of the adoption order granting full parental responsibilities / rights or legal guardianship
• A court order that indicates full parental responsibilities / rights or legal guardianship

Where the minor is a foreign national, a valid passport is all that is required.  See additional details under the “Exemptions” header below.

4. Unaccompanied minors – (Requirement)

• A certified copy of the birth certificate
• Parental consent letters from the parent(s) / legal guardian(s) authorizing travel into/out of South Africa
• A copy of the identity document(s) or valid passport(s) of the parent(s) / legal guardian(s)
• A letter from the person receiving the child in South Africa; containing their South Africa residential address and contact details and where the child will reside
• A copy of identity documents or valid passport (and where applicable, visa or permanent residence permit) of the person receiving the child in South Africa
• Parent/Legal guardian contact details

5. Child in Alternative Care –(Requirement)

Where the minor has been placed in foster care, temporary safe care, or care of a child and youth care center following an order of a court in terms of the Children’s Act, 2005, or the Criminal Procedure Act, 1977 (Alternative Care) , the following documents are required:

• Letter from the Provincial Head of the Department of Social Development where the child resides authorizing departure from South Africa
• South African minors traveling on South African passports may travel to and within South Africa without birth certificates.
• Minors in possession of valid South African visas are not required to produce identity documents already submitted as part of their visa applications when traveling through a South African port of entry (e.g., a birth certificate).
• Where a minor has a passport that contains the details of their parent(s), the minor is not required to produce a birth certificate as well
• School tours — South Africa immigration will accept a letter from the school’s Principal to cover all minors on a school tour.
• Birth certificate and additional documentation is not required for those transiting South Africa.
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• Special assistance

Unaccompanied minors

Children traveling alone.

We want your child to have a safe and positive trip. For safety, we require children age 5 – 14 traveling alone to use our unaccompanied minor service. This service is optional for children age 15 – 17, but if requested, then the fee applies.

The unaccompanied minor fee is $150* each way, plus applicable taxes † , in addition to the ticket price. This fee covers additional siblings on the same flight.

* Amount quoted in U.S. dollar (USD)

† Flights within the U.S. are subject to a 7% tax, and flights originating in Canada are charged a 5% Goods and Services Tax (GST).

Unaccompanied minor service

Our service includes:

• Early boarding to allow extra time to get settled and meet the flight attendants
• Kids-only lounges in our hub cities for flight connections
• Complimentary Kids' Kits from Quaker with snacks and activities (for ages 5 – 10, in hub cities)
• An airport escort to help your child to the gate for flight connections
• Escorting the child to the authorized adult picking them up when they land

Keep in mind, our flight attendants will be busy with onboard duties and can’t continuously monitor your child during their flight. Let your child know to ring the call button if they need anything.

Age and flight restrictions for children traveling alone:

We don’t allow children to travel alone when their trips include:

• Flights on another airline including codeshare and one world® partners
• Ground or co-terminal connections where the child must transfer from one local airport to another
• The last flight of the day from the final connection city (unless it’s the only flight)
• Overnight connecting flights

Note: Children ages 2 – 14 can travel as an 'accompanied minor' with someone 16 or older.

Complimentary Kids' Kits by Quaker

Children between 5-10 years old can stay entertained during their journey with our complimentary Kids’ Kits* presented by Quaker. Included are puzzles, activities and 2 complimentary snacks to enjoy at the airport or in flight. Kits are available for children departing from:

• Charlotte, NC (CLT)
• Washington Reagan, D.C. (DCA)
• Dallas-Fort Worth, TX (DFW)
• New York, NY (JFK and LGA)
• Los Angeles, CA (LAX)
• Miami, FL (MIA)
• Chicago, IL (ORD)
• Philadelphia, PA (PHL)
• Phoenix, AZ (PHX)

*Subject to availability

Booking your child's trip

Unaccompanied minors need to be booked by phone.

Contact Reservations

Preparing for travel

Whether your child has traveled alone or this is their first time, we recommend talking with them about the trip and what to expect. Assure them our team is there to help keep them safe.

Some helpful tips to prepare:

• Point out our team uniforms at the airport. Remind your child to ask for help only from a uniformed team member.
• Write down phone numbers for your child.
• Pack games, books and money in one small carry-on.
• Food and drink service is limited, so we recommend packing snacks for your child to enjoy during their flight.
• Attach an ID card and contact information to your child’s carry-on bag or jacket.
• Fully charge any electronic devices, and don’t forget to pack chargers and headphones.
• Be sure your child knows to wait for a team member to walk them off the plane when they land (this includes older children using our service).

Note: We don’t hold or give personal medication to an unaccompanied child.

At the airport

Check-in and required documents.

Arrive at least 2 hours before the scheduled departure time of your child’s flight and speak with a ticket counter agent. Children traveling alone can’t check in online or at the kiosk.

You’ll need to fill out an unaccompanied minor form and any necessary Customs and Immigration documents for the day of departure. This form must remain with your child during their journey. At check-in, parents / guardians will also need to provide:

• A birth certificate or passport as proof of the child’s age
• The adult’s government-issued photo ID with their current address
• Your phone number so we can contact you
• The name, address and phone number of the adult meeting your child at their destination

Once your child is checked in, the ticket agent will give you a security pass from the airport ticket counter so you can take your child to the gate.

Boarding and takeoff

For a smooth departure:

• An adult must take the child to the departure gate and stay until the flight is airborne.
• When you get to the gate, tell the gate agent you have an unaccompanied minor traveling on the flight.
• We’ll board your child early so they can meet the flight crew and learn about the plane’s safety features.
• The gate agent will let you know when the flight is airborne and you can leave the airport.
• Please contact the adult picking up your child to let them know they’re on their way.

During the flight

Our flight attendants will check on your child as duties allow, but they can’t continuously monitor your child throughout the flight.

Please remind your child to:

• Tell a flight attendant if he or she needs assistance or feels discomfort.
• Follow plane safety instructions, like wearing their seatbelt.
• Wait for a uniformed team member to escort them off the airplane once it arrives at the gate.

Unaccompanied minor lounges

If your child has a connection, we have lounges for unaccompanied minors in these airports:

• Dallas Fort Worth, TX (DFW)

While there, your child can wait for their connection and play games while supervised by American business partner personnel. These staff members will take your child outside the lounge to buy food and drinks, but they won’t be allowed to walk around outside alone.

Arrival and pick-up

For a seamless pick-up, don’t forget your government-issued photo ID. You’ll need to show it to get a security pass and meet the child at the gate (in the U.S.). You’ll also need to show it before we release the child to you.

We suggest arriving at least 2 hours before the child’s scheduled arrival so you have enough time.

Flight status and notifications

Stay connected with your child’s journey with flight notifications and remind the adult picking up your child from the airport to do the same. Be sure to get alerts for all flights in their trip.

Flight status

Flight delays and cancellations

We’ll call the contacts on the unaccompanied minor form and arrange an alternate flight if your child is unable to make a connecting flight due to delays or cancellations.

In the rare case that your child needs to stay overnight because of a missed connection, we’ll arrange for overnight accommodations, meals and supervision. We’ll call if this occurs.

Young adults (15 – 17 years of age)

If your young adult isn’t using the unaccompanied minor service and their flight is delayed or canceled, they will be accommodated as an adult customer. Keep in mind, many hotels won’t allow young people to check-in unless they are accompanied by an adult. Please remind them not to leave the airport for any reason unless they:

• Are accompanied by a uniformed team member or police officer
• Have spoken with a parent or designated adult

Please tell your young adult to speak to a team member if they have questions or need help.

Children traveling outside the U.S.

You may not be able to escort your child through security in some airports. If this is the case, a team member will take your child to the gate and stay with them until the flight departs.

Children under 18 may need a Letter of Consent to travel internationally without both parents.

Country-specific regulations

Some countries have additional restrictions for children traveling with guardians or as an unaccompanied minor.

If your child is traveling unaccompanied or with only one parent, you’ll need:

• The child's birth certificate
• Notarized travel authorization from both parents

The Brazilian Embassy or Consulate must issue, authenticate or legalize this travel authorization.

Contact the consulate in the child’s country of residence or check the National Council of Justice site for more information.

Brazilian National Council of Justice (CNJ) guidelines Opens another site in a new window that may not meet accessibility guidelines

Italian citizens younger than 14 traveling internationally must have their Individual Passport and Dichiarazione di Accompagno (Declaration of Temporary Guardianship for Travel Abroad). The document must include:

• The signature of a parent or legal guardian
• Authentication by local Police Headquarters
• The name of the airline the child will use

For children with a document proving another nationality (not Italian), check with the local Italian embassy or consulate in their residence country or the embassy or consulate of their destination country for requirements.

Children younger than 18 (at time of travel) and traveling alone to or from Mexico must have a travel authorization letter. This letter must be:

• Signed by at least one parent or legal guardian

Implementation of Mexican Regulations Regarding Minor Travel Opens another site in a new window that may not meet accessibility requirements

All children should present their own passport and meet the requirements of their destination.

Spanish authorities require that all Spanish children traveling alone, with only one parent or with a third party have a travel permit requested by the parents or legal guardians. This permit must be issued by one of these: Police, Civil Guard, Notary’s Office or Town Hall.

For children with a document proving another nationality (not Spanish) and living in Spain, go to the consulate to complete the necessary paperwork.

Flying on a partner airline?

Find helpful information if your trip includes 1 or more flights with our partner airlines.

• British Airways
• Japan Airlines
• Qatar Airways

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• All children under age 16 must apply for a passport in person with two parents or guardians using Form DS-11.
• You cannot renew your child's passport using Form DS-82.
• Passports for children under age 16 are only valid for 5 years. 
• Use our  Form Filler tool  to fill out your child's form and then print it.

Avoid the top mistakes on passport applications

We want to make sure you get your application right the first time. Make sure you:

• Complete all sections of your form including entering your correct Social Security number. Do not leave anything blank. If you're applying for the first time or with your child under age 16, wait to sign the form until you are instructed to do so. 
• Closely follow our  passport photo requirements .
• Provide the correct  evidence of U.S. citizenship .  

Steps to Apply

1. fill out form ds-11.

DS-11: Application for a U.S. Passport

Use our Form Filler tool  to fill out your child's form online and then print it. The Form Filler will save time and reduce errors caused by handwriting. If you are experiencing technical issues with the Form Filler, download a PDF. Do not sign your child's form until instructed to do so by a passport acceptance agent or employee. 

Please note :

• The Form Filler will create the correct form for your child based on the data you enter. Double check the information you entered for your child's date of birth if you did not get the form you expected to receive.
• Note : Include on Address Line 2 "In Care Of" your name or the name of the child's other parent or legal guardian. By providing “In Care Of” information, you will ensure that your child's passport is not returned to us if the delivery service does not recognize your child's name as someone who normally gets mail at your address.
• Do not sign your child's application until instructed to do so by the acceptance agent.
• If your child does not have a Social Security number, you must sign and date a statement that says, “I declare under penalty of perjury under the laws of the United States of America that the following is true and correct: (Child's full name) has never been issued a Social Security Number by the Social Security Administration.”
• You can apply for a passport book, a passport card , or both documents.
• You may request a larger passport book for your child, at no additional cost, by checking the 'large book' box at the top of the DS-11.
• In the Emergency Contact field, list a contact who is not traveling with your child. 

2. Provide U.S. Citizenship Evidence

Your evidence must be an original or certified, physical copy. A certified copy is any document that has the seal or stamp of the official issuing authority. You must submit one of the following documents for your child:

• Full validity, undamaged U.S. passport (expired passports are accepted). Full validity means the document is/was valid for 10 years for adults and 5 years for children under 16.
• Issued by the city, county, or state of birth
• Lists applicant's full name, date of birth, and place of birth
• Lists the parent(s)' full names
• Has the date filed with registrar's office (must be within one year of birth)
• Has the registrar's signature
• Has the seal or stamp of the city, county, or state which issued it
• Consular Report of Birth Abroad or Certification of Birth
• Certificate of Citizenship

If you cannot submit one of the above acceptable documents for your child, or for more information, please see  Citizenship Evidence .

Paper only : You cannot submit digital evidence of U.S. citizenship such as a mobile or electronic birth certificate. You must submit physical evidence of U.S. citizenship and a photocopy of the document. 

Returning your child's document : You will need to provide your child's evidence of U.S. citizenship to the acceptance agent or passport employee. We will return your child's document in a separate mailing up to 8 weeks after you receive the new passport.

3. Bring a Photocopy of U.S. Citizenship Evidence

In addition to the original or certified copy of your child's citizenship evidence, you must submit a photocopy of the document. 

Photocopies must be:

• On white 8.5”x11” standard paper
• Black and white
• Single-sided

If you don't want to submit a photocopy of your citizenship evidence, you may submit a second certified copy of your citizenship evidence, which we will keep. If you don’t submit a photocopy or a second certified copy of your citizenship evidence, your passport processing could be delayed.

4. Show Parental Relationship

You must submit documentation that lists the parent(s) or legal guardian(s) of the child applying for a passport. Examples include:

• U.S. birth certificate ( also evidence of U.S. citizenship )
• Foreign birth certificate
• Adoption decree
• Divorce or custody decree
• A court order

Please note : Some documents, like a U.S. birth certificate, show  both  U.S. citizenship and parental relationship. These documents must be originals or certified copies (not photocopies).

5. Present ID

The parents or guardians must present  one  of the following identification documents (IDs) to the acceptance agent: 

• Valid or expired, undamaged U.S. passport book or passport card 
• In-state, fully valid driver's license or enhanced driver's license with photo
• Certificate of Naturalization 
• Certificate of Citizenship 
• Government employee ID (city, county, state, or federal)
• U.S. military or military dependent ID
• Current (valid) foreign passport
• Matricula Consular (Mexican Consular ID) - commonly used by a parent of a U.S. citizen child applicant
• U.S. Permanent Resident Card (Green Card) - commonly used by a parent of a U.S. citizen child applicant
• Trusted Traveler IDs (including valid Global Entry, FAST, SENTRI, and NEXUS cards)
• Enhanced Tribal Cards and Native American tribal photo IDs
• Note : you may be asked to present an additional ID when presenting one of these three documents: 1) In-state, fully-valid learner's permit with photo, 2) In-state, fully-valid non-driver ID with photo, or 3) temporary driver's license with photo. 

If you cannot present one of the IDs above, or for more information, please see  Identification .

Please note:

• Some states now issue  digital ID  documents (also known as mobile driver's licenses or mobile IDs). We cannot accept these digital IDs when you apply for your child's U.S. passport. You must continue to submit your physical, photo ID and a photocopy of the ID.  
• If you present an  out-of-state  ID, you must present an additional ID.

6. Bring a Photocopy of ID

Submit a photocopy of the front and back of each ID that you present to the acceptance agent.

Requirements:

• Photocopy must be on plain white, 8 1/2 x 11" standard paper.
• Photocopy cannot be double-sided.
• Do not decrease the image size (although you may enlarge it).

7. Show Parental Consent

• Both parents or guardians must approve that we can issue a passport to a child under age 16.
• Both parents or guardians should go with the child to apply in person. 
• If one or both parents or guardians cannot apply in person with their child, you will need to provide additional documents with your child's application: 

Note : Written authorization from the parent or guardian that cannot appear in person must be signed within 90 days before you submit the child's application.  

8. Provide a Photo

You must provide one photo of your child. To avoid processing delays, be sure the photo meets all  our requirements .

• Do not attach or staple your photo to the form. The acceptance agent or passport employee accepting your child's form will review the photo and staple it. 
• Some passport acceptance facilities provide photo services for an additional fee.  
• We have special tips for taking photos of infants and newborns on our Photo Requirements page . 

9. Calculate Fees

You must pay fees for passport services. When applying using Form DS-11, you will pay two separate fees - an application fee and an execution (acceptance) fee.

Child Applicants :

Expedited service costs an additional $60. For information on forms of payment and a full list of fees and services, please see  Passport Fees .

*How to fill out your check and pay the application fee to the U.S. Department of State. Please note you must pay a separate execution (acceptance) fee. 

10. Find Location to Apply and Submit Your Completed Application

Inside the United States:

• You and your child must submit the completed application, including supporting documents, photo, and fees, in person at a  passport acceptance facility . Check with the facility to see if you need to make an appointment.
• Your child may be eligible to make an appointment to apply in person at a passport agency if you are traveling soon. Please see Get My Passport Fast  for more information. 

Outside the United States:

Contact your  U.S. embassy or consulate .

11. Track Your Application Status

You can  subscribe to email updates  about your application status, and  learn more about each status update .

Note : It may take 2 weeks from the day you apply until your child's application status is “In Process.” During these 2 weeks, your child's application is delivered to a mail facility, your payment is processed, and your child's application is scanned and sent to us. If your passport status update says “Not Available,” your child's application and supporting documents are safely on their way to us.

Can I mail in my child's application or apply online?

No, children under age 16 are not eligible to mail in passport applications. Additionally, you cannot apply online for a child's passport.

Do I have to make an appointment to apply at an acceptance facility?

Some acceptance facilities (which include post offices, local government offices, and libraries) require appointments. We recommend contacting the acceptance facility  to confirm hours, forms of payment, and appointment requirements. 

How will you send my passport and supporting documents?

When completing your child's passport application, we recommend you add your name in the “In Care Of” part of the Mailing Address section on Form DS-11. After we print your child's passport, we will send it to you and return your child's supporting documents. How we send your child's passport and supporting documents depends if you applied for a book and/or a card and if you paid an additional fee for 1-2 day delivery.

After we print your passport, we will send it to you and return your supporting documents. How we send your passport and supporting documents depends if you applied for a book and/or a card and if you paid an additional fee for 1-2 day delivery.    

I applied for a passport book only : You may receive your newly-issued passport and your citizenship documents in two separate mailings. You may wait 8 weeks after receiving your passport before you receive a second mailing with your citizenship documents. We can send your passport book via a 1-2 day delivery service.

I applied for a passport card only : You may receive your newly-issued passport card and your citizenship documents in two separate mailings. You may wait 8 weeks after receiving your passport before you receive a second mailing with your citizenship documents. We only send the passport card via First Class Mail. We do not send cards via 1-2 day delivery services.

I applied for both a passport book and passport card : You may receive three separate mailings; one with your citizenship documents, one with your newly-issued passport book, and one with your newly-issued passport card. You may wait 8 weeks after receiving your passport book before you receive a second and third mailing with your passport card and citizenship documents.

Our address has changed. How do I update my child's application?

If the mailing address you provided on your child's application has changed and you're waiting for his or her U.S. passport book, passport card, or return of citizenship evidence documents, please contact the  National Passport Information Center . You do not need to contact us if your address changed  after  you received your child's passport.

When completing your child's passport application, we recommend you add your name in the “In Care Of” part of the Mailing Address section on Form DS-11. 

What countries require Form DS-3053 "Statement of Consent" to be notarized at an embassy or consulate?

In certain countries, a DS-3053 must be notarized at a  U.S. embassy or consulate  and cannot be notarized by a local notary public. Currently, these countries include:

Can I pay for my family's passports with one payment?

Yes. Families may write one check or money order to the U.S. Department of State for their passport application fees if they are applying in person at the same time. The check or money order must include the name and date of birth of each applicant.

All other applicants must submit individual checks or money orders to the U.S. Department of State for their passport application fees. Please include the applicant's name and date of birth on the check or money order.

What if my child and I have different last names?

You and your child may have different last names, as long as the parental relationship document lists your full name. If your name has changed from that on the parental relationship document, please submit proof of your legal name change (e.g. marriage certificate or court order).

What is the Children's Passport Issuance Alert Program (CPIAP)?

Parents may enroll their U.S. citizen children under the age of 18 in the  Children’s Passport Issuance Alert Program  (CPIAP), one of the Department of State’s most important tools for preventing international parental child abduction.  If a passport application is submitted for a child who is enrolled in CPIAP, we attempt to alert the parent(s) to verify whether they approve passport issuance.

I don't have any citizenship evidence or photo ID to apply. How can I get these documents?

When applying for the first time or for your child, you will need to provide evidence of U.S. citizenship and photo identification with your application. Go to our Citizenship Evidence page and Photo ID page for examples of documents we accept.

For example, if you were born in the United States and you do not have your birth certificate, you will need to contact the county, city, or state where you were born and request a certified copy of your birth certificate. 

We also realize that some customers may not have a driver's license to present as photo ID. We accept other types of government-issued, primary photo ID, and will accept multiple forms of secondary photo ID if you do not have a primary ID. 

It states on my child's U.S. birth certificate that it is illegal to make a copy. What should I do?

If you choose not to submit a photocopy, you may submit a second certified copy of your child's birth certificate. We will keep this second certified copy for our records.

Special Passport Fairs

Find a Special Passport Fair  near you!

We're holding special passport fairs all across the United States to help you get your passport more easily. New events are added to our site every week.

Most events are for first-time applicants and children, (who use Form DS-11). If you can use Form DS-82, you can renew by mail at your convenience!

Passport Forms

DS-11: Application for a U.S. Passport Fill Out Online   Download your PDF

DS-3053: Statement of Consent - Issuing a Passport to a Minor Under Age 16 Download your PDF

DS-5525: Statement of Exigent/Special Family Circumstances - Issuing a Passport to a Minor Under Age 16 Download your PDF

Processing Times

Routine:  8-11 weeks*

Expedited: 5-7 weeks and an extra $60*

*Mailing times are not included in processing times . Processing times only include the time your application is at one of our passport agencies or centers. The total time to get your passport includes both processing and mailing times. It may take up to 2 weeks for applications to arrive by mail at a passport agency or center, and up to 2 weeks for you to receive a completed passport in the mail after we print it. Consider the total time it will take to receive your passport when you are booking travel . 

Urgent Travel:  See our Get my Passport Fast page. 

How to Apply for your Child's Passport

Watch this video to learn how to apply in person for your child's U.S. passport!

External Link

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What ID and Documents Does My Child Need To Fly? [2023]

Chris Hassan

Social Media & Marketing Manager

Countries Visited: 21 U.S. States Visited: 24

Keri Stooksbury

Editor-in-Chief

Countries Visited: 39 U.S. States Visited: 28

Global Entry

International flight with only 1 parent present, age: newborn, age: 0 to 2 years old, age: 2 to 18 years old, minors traveling alone, 18-year-old “kids”, final thoughts.

We may be compensated when you click on product links, such as credit cards, from one or more of our advertising partners. Terms apply to the offers below. See our Advertising Policy for more about our partners, how we make money, and our rating methodology. Opinions and recommendations are ours alone.

Getting the family ready for a big vacation can be a lot of fun, but it can also come with a lot of stress. Even if it isn’t a big vacation, sometimes just the thought of putting your little ones on a plane can bring anxiety.

Making sure that all of your reservations have been made, seats have been assigned, and hotel rooms have been upgraded, all while attempting to keep the kids entertained and behaving properly can be exhausting. This is even before you leave the house.

Add in the fact that your child may or may not need some sort of identification to board a plane can be that extra confusion that a new parent just doesn’t need.

Well, we’re here to lay it all out clearly for you and let you know exactly what you need to fly with your kids!

As an adult over the age of 18, you need a valid government form of ID to board a plane in the U.S., according to the TSA .

If you’re flying internationally, you will need to show your passport or passport card. If you are taking a domestic flight, you will need to show your driver’s license or another form of government ID with your photo on it.

However, for children under the age of 18, that is a different story. Depending on where they are traveling to, and what age they are, they might not need an ID at all.

Since there is a lot of information out there, it can get a little confusing to understand it all. Here, we’ll break it all down for you so that the next time you board a flight with your little one in tow, you will know exactly what you will (and won’t) need.

International Flights

This one is very black and white. Regardless of your age, if you are flying to a different country, you will need to present your passport at check-in, the TSA security checkpoint, and when you arrive at your destination.

Even if your child is only a month old, they will need a passport to leave the country. Don’t have a passport yet for your little traveler? Don’t worry, we have a complete guide on how to get a U.S. passport for your baby .

If your destination requires a travel visa , your child will also need to apply for the visa. Since both of these things take time, it’s best to get these done as far in advance as possible.

If for some reason you need to take an international trip immediately after the birth of your child, it’s possible to get passports and visas expedited for an extra cost.

If you have Global Entry , that doesn’t mean that your child will automatically get it as well.

Unlike TSA PreCheck , which can extend to your children ages 17 and under, if you want to take your child through the Global Entry line they will need to go through the same process that you did.

Yes, that means paying the $100 application fee and even in some cases having your infant complete the interview process. Don’t worry, though, there are plenty of credit cards that reimburse the Global Entry fee .

Although this may seem like a hassle, having an official government photo ID of your child will come in handy for many circumstances down the road.

Bottom Line: If you are flying internationally, your child will need a passport (and maybe a visa), regardless of their age.

If you plan on traveling internationally with your child, and both parents will not be traveling together, you will need to provide some additional permission forms.

Depending on the airline and the country you will be flying to (and potentially back from), the requirements may be different.

The most important piece will be a notarized parental consent form signed by both parents and a copy of the non-traveling parent’s passport or valid identification .

If the child has a deceased parent, the living parent or guardian will need to sign the consent form and attach a copy of the late spouse’s death certificate.

The only exception is if the parent has proof of sole custody as you may be required to present a copy of your custody agreement signed by both parents.

Domestic Flights

Here is where things aren’t so black and white …

Sure, you could just travel with your child’s passport every time you board a flight, but depending on the situation, that probably isn’t necessary. And if there is 1 thing you should hope to never lose during a trip, it’s a passport. So why bring it if you don’t have to?

In most circumstances, children under the age of 18 will not need a photo ID to board a domestic flight if they are accompanied by an adult.

However, there are some circumstances where a photo ID or some official document may be needed for minors to board. Let’s break it down by age group and figure out what documentation your child will need (if anything) to fly.

This will vary by carrier, but most airlines will accept infants as young as 2 days old.

If you find yourself needing to board a plane with an infant less than 2 weeks old, you may be required by the airline to provide a note from your physician stating that the child is healthy enough to fly.

Since this can vary by airline, it’s best to contact your carrier before you travel.

For example, American Airlines requires that a “special assistance coordinator” send a form directly to the physician for them to fill out if the child is less than 7 days old.

Once you pass the 2-week-old window, the only age questions you will come across are whether or not your child has turned 2 years old yet. That is because children under the age of 2 can fly for free as a lap child  on domestic flights as long as they are flying with an adult.

While you won’t be required to show an ID for the child when passing through security, at check-in the airline may require that you prove that the child is under the age of 2 because, obviously, if they are not, the airline will want to charge you for their seat.

Unless your child already has a passport that can be used to prove their birth date, you may need to bring a copy of their birth certificate.

While some airlines are more lenient than others, it’s always best to come prepared. For example, Southwest Airlines is very strict as it always require a copy of the birth certificate or government-issued photo ID at check-in if you want your little one to fly as a lap child .

Hot Tip: If your child turns 2 years old during a trip (hello Disney birthday vacation!), you will be required to pay for a full-priced, round-trip ticket. This would be a good opportunity to book 2 one-way tickets to save a few dollars. 

Once your child turns 2 years old they will be required to pay the full airfare and no longer be allowed to fly as a lap child — cue the sad music.

This also means that they won’t be required to prove their age anymore, which means that you don’t have to worry about traveling with an additional ID for them.

Minors under the age of 18 will not need ID to pass through security, they only need a boarding pass to board the plane if they are accompanied by an adult.

Although it isn’t required, it may feel weird traveling without some sort of ID for your kids. So, regardless of where you are traveling to, we suggest having some sort of ID for them.

Sometimes that may mean a printed copy of their birth certificate or passport, or, at the very least, a photo of their passport on your cell phone.

Bottom Line: As long as a minor between the age of 2 and 18 is traveling with an adult they will not need a photo ID to board a plane. 

Here is another circumstance where the information can become a little murky. Since exact requirements may vary by airline, it’s best to contact your carrier directly if you plan on sending your child off on their own.

That being said, some basics seem to be standard across the industry.

Child Travel Consent Form

A child travel consent form is a form that provides proof that the child is authorized to travel alone.

This form will often be provided by the airline — for example, American Airlines refers to it as an Unaccompanied Minor Service Form  and needs it to be completed with the information about who is dropping off the child and who will be picking them up at the final destination.

If the child is traveling alone, they may also be required to have a consent letter signed by both parents.

If the child has a deceased parent, the living parent or guardian will need to sign the consent form and attach a copy of the late spouse’s death certificate. Note: This may only be required for international travel. 

Minors Traveling Alone: Ages 5 to 14

Children age 5 to 14 are not required to show an ID at the time of check-in, however, they are always encouraged to have some sort of ID on them during travel.

If your child already has a passport, at least send them with a copy of it in case of an emergency.

Minors Traveling Alone: Ages 15 to 17

Children ages 15 to 17 may be required to provide some sort of identification, including one of the following:

• Birth certificate
• Credit card
• Driver’s license
• Learners permit
• Library card
• Organization ID (athletics club, theater group, etc.)
• Passport card
• Proof of auto insurance in the passenger’s name
• Social Security card

Bottom Line: If your child will be traveling alone , it’s best to send them with some sort of ID, preferably something with their photo on it. 

Even though your 18-year-old is legally an adult, they are still your little baby and you surely will want to have them prepared when they decide they want to go off on a trip with their friends. Spring Break, anyone?

Well, now that he or she has turned 18, they are legally required to have a valid, current U.S. federal or state-issued photo ID.

The identification must contain a clear photo, date of birth, gender, expiration date, and a tamper-resistant feature for travel to or from a U.S. territory. Expired documents will not be accepted.

The following is a list of acceptable forms of identification for boarding a U.S. domestic flight:

• Airline- or airport-issued ID (if issued under a TSA-approved security plan)
• Border Crossing Card
• Canadian provincial driver’s license or Indian and Northern Affairs Canada (INAC) card
• DHS “Trusted Traveler” cards (Global Entry, NEXUS, SENTRI, FAST)
• DHS-designated enhanced driver’s license
• Driver’s licenses or other state photo identity cards issued by a Department of Motor Vehicles (or equivalent) that meet REAL ID requirements
• Foreign government-issued passport
• HSPD-12 PIV card
• Native American Tribal Photo ID
• Permanent Resident Card
• Registered Traveler Card (that contains a name, date of birth, gender, expiration date, and a tamper-resistant feature)
• Transportation Worker Identification Credential (TWIC)
• U.S. Merchant Mariner Credential
• U.S. Military ID
• U.S. passport
• U.S. passport card
• Veteran Health Identification Card (VHIC)

Hot Tip: TSA ID requirements are subject to change, so if you have any concerns, it’s always best to check directly what you need on the TSA’s website . 

At the end of the day, the answer is pretty simple: It’s better to be safe than sorry! If you have an ID for your little one, bring it! You might not need it, but it’s better than being denied boarding.

But, to put it simply, if you are flying internationally , your child will need a passport and potentially a travel visa.

If you are flying domestically and your baby will be flying as a lap child , you may be asked for proof at check-in that they are indeed younger than 2 years old.

If your child is flying domestically on their own ticket (not as a lap child) they probably won’t need any sort of ID until they are 18 years old.

Now, grab your little traveler and start exploring this beautiful world! 

Frequently Asked Questions

If your child will be flying out of the country, they will need a valid passport.

Children under the age of 18 do not need an ID to fly on domestic flights inside of the U.S. as long as they are traveling with an adult.

If a minor is traveling alone, they will need a signed parental consent form.

Children under the age of 2 can fly as a lap child. On domestic flights there is no cost; on international flights, it can cost up to 10% of the adult’s ticket value.

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About Chris Hassan

Chris holds a B.S. in Hospitality and Tourism Management and managed social media for all Marriott properties in South America, making him a perfect fit for UP and its social media channels. He has a passion for making content catered toward family travelers.

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197 comments

Jamie morawski.

June 26, 2021

We are traveling to Mexico and taking my son’s 17 year old friend with us. Will we need anything other than his passport? Thank you!

Jarrod West

June 28, 2021

The required documents can vary by airline, but you likely will need a parental consent form signed by both parents and a copy of the non-traveling parent’s passport or valid identification.

Andrea DeBerry

June 27, 2021

If I decide to take my niece with us on a family trip what will I need in order for her to travel with us?

As long as it is a domestic trip, then you should not need any special documentation.

July 06, 2021

Me and my children are visiting South Carolina we live in NY husband will stay behind working my children are 4, 6 and 8 what identification do I need for them? Do I bring their birth certificate? Or I don’t need anything but their passes?.

July 07, 2021

Hi Crystal,

You should only need to bring the boarding passes for your children. Safe travels!

July 20, 2021

My two grandchildren, over whom we have legal custody, ages 14 and 16, will be flying to Hawaii unaccompanied. Since no adult will be accompanying them, what kind of ID will they need and will they need to have any letter or documentation from me in order to board the flight. My 16 yr old granddaughter is special needs and has her current school ID only as ID. My 14 yr old grandson has his school ID from school years 2019/2020…not the most current, but he was absent on the day photos were taken for his more recent school ID. Will his school ID from year before last suffice as ID? That’s all he has. They both do have their birth certs that I could make copies of though as well.

July 29, 2021

Their student IDs should suffice for this trip. But you might want to check and see if the airline they are flying with requires a child travel consent form.

July 28, 2021

Hi. I’m 18 and I came to the US for vacation but I need to return to Puerto Rico and my ID is back in Puerto Rico. Is there a way I can go back? I do have my birth certificate and social security.

Christine Krzyszton

Hi Erick. As a U.S. citizen, traveling to Puerto Rico is just like visiting another state. However, since you normally need a government-issued photo ID, TSA will need to verify your identity before allowing you to enter the secured area and fly. Before you return, you could try to obtain a photo ID locally using the documents you have or take the documents you have (along with your printed boarding pass) and expect additional screening at the airport. Arrive early and take any additional documents you might have from this list to help verify your identity: https://www.tsa.gov/travel/security-screening/identification

Doug Thomas

August 16, 2021

My 13-year-old daughter and my mom are flying to Alaska. Does she need an id?

August 17, 2021

Minors under the age of 18 will not need ID to pass through security, only a boarding pass to board the plane if they are accompanied by an adult.

August 19, 2021

My 15 year old daughter is traveling by herself but we can’t find the birth certificate but she has a school id badge and adoption papers. Will that work??

August 20, 2021

Hi Miracle,

Your daughters school ID badge should be fine. There should be no need for her to bring her adoption papers.

Katia Garcia

September 03, 2021

Could my five year old fly with me in the states, with just her birth certificate?

If you are her parent, then your child does not need any documentation to fly with you domestically. Safe travels!

September 10, 2021

If my child is traveling without a parent, but traveling with their grandparents, what do they need?

As long as they are traveling domestically, they should not need anything special in order to fly with their grandparents.

Candace Hodgkins

November 24, 2021

So in the case of a grandparent and 12 year old granddaughter, with a passport and flying domestically, I do not need the consent from parent form?

November 30, 2021

Hi Candace,

No, you should not need a parent consent form for a domestic flight. Safe travels!

September 27, 2021

Hi, My 10 year old son and I are traveling internationally, we both have visas and passports.. his father is not listed on his birth certificate, will I need to present any additional information to delta airlines or TSA for travel

September 30, 2021

Unfortunately, these rules will vary by country and airline. It is best to contact Delta to clarify.

Safe travels!

I turn 18 during our family trip to New York and I don’t have a state-issued ID or driver’s license yet but I have my school ID and I have photos of my driver’s permit as well as my birth certificate. Does that count as enough identification for me to fly back home? I also leave in a day.

November 29, 2021

Yes, any of those forms of ID should be perfectly fine. Safe travels!

November 26, 2021

My dad will be traveling with me (I am a minor) and I have all his info on the document, and all of his passport info. Will I also need my mother’s passport even though she is not coming with us?

Where will you be traveling?

December 01, 2021

My kids will be traveling from San Diego to Bahamas. Their age is 24, 21 and 12. My question is, do my 12 year old child can travel with his siblings? Do we need to sign any papers to allow him to travel alone with his grown siblings?

December 02, 2021

It shouldn’t be required since they will be traveling with siblings, but you might want to send a parental consent form with them just in case.

December 03, 2021

Hi my 9 year old stepson is traveling with his father domestically. We are trying to check him into his flight but the airline is asking for an ID number for my stepson. Also, does his father have to have a real ID or passport to fly? Or is he driving license enough identification? Thanks in advance! Happy holidays!

Since it is a domestic flight, his driver’s license should suffice! Safe travels!

Tamara Bennett

January 27, 2022

My 15 year old son is traveling with his 18 year old sister. Will he need any documentation? Thank you!

Where will they be traveling?

Gladys Inting

February 21, 2022

I will be traveling internationally with my niece this coming September and she will be 18 by then. She got her passport when she was 15 and it will still be valid until 2024. Will she need to do anything else?

February 22, 2022

No, she should not need to do anything else. Safe travels!

March 21, 2022

I will be traveling internationally with my 19-month-old twins and my uncle, does my uncle need any type of authorization to board with one of the kids while Im on the same flight? There is no father’s name on their birth certificate.

Since both twins will be on your ticket for check-in, your uncle will not need any documentation while boarding.

Safe travels,

March 24, 2022

My wife and I will be flying to California with our 15 year old nephew, will he need any parental documents to travel or just and photo I’d? Thanks

He will only need a boarding pass to get through security on a domestic flight, although an ID is always good to have. No other documents are needed.

May 03, 2022

My 17 year old daughter is flying to New York with my sisters for a wedding. My daughter’s passport just expired in January and did not know about until this trip came up. She has no other form of ID except for her school ID. There are long waits to book appointments for passport renewals and DMV for real ID. Can she still go and what does she need?

Hi Ken. The TSA states that for passengers under 18, no ID is required if traveling domestically with an (adult) companion. More information here: https://www.tsa.gov/travel/frequently-asked-questions/will-minors-need-have-state-id-fly-domestically It wouldn’t hurt for her to carry her school ID with her, however.

August 03, 2022

Thank you so much !!

Marcus Beard

June 13, 2022

My 16/yo will be flying alone. Will his school ID work for Identification?

Yes, that should be fine!

Ariel Davidson

July 05, 2022

We are having passport issues. We live in Canada but want to go to Florida. My new idea is to drive over the LAND border with Birth Certificates for the kids (adults do have valid passports). Then fly from Vermont to Orlando. The little kids ages 7 and 10 are Canadian citizens but do not have passports, can they fly domestic with the parents with just the Canadian Birth Certificate. It is impossible to actually get a passport here.

Sherry Bryans

October 31, 2022

Did you ever get an answer? We are driving to Buffalo and flying from there to Orlando.

September 16, 2022

Hi I’m 17 and I want to fly to Florida by myself and I only have my birth certificate, will I still be able to fly alone?

A birth certificate should suffice, however depending on the airline, you may need to complete an unaccompanied minor form in advance.

October 26, 2022

I’m 16 and will be flying with my family but I lost my student ID card. I don’t have any other form of ID can I still board the plane.

October 27, 2022

If you are flying on a domestic flight with adults, you will not need an ID.

I am driving to Buffalo from Canada with a foster boy who is 13. We are flying from Buffalo to Orlando. What identification do I need for the airport.

November 01, 2022

Aaron Sigrah

November 05, 2022

My daughter is 19 and her u.s passport expired, can she use her birth certificate and student id to travel from Hawaii to Texas and back?

November 07, 2022

Yes, she should be fine to use those.

December 30, 2022

Does this apply to non-US-citizens? We are Canadian. Parents have valid Canadian passports but kids do not. If we drive across the border with kids’ birth certificates, can we then catch a domestic flight, or will the kids not having passports be an issue?

January 03, 2023

Hey Carrie, that should not be an issue.

April 19, 2023

My 15 year old is flying from TX to NJ with no adult. Can I send him with a COPY of his passport or birth certificate or must it be the original document?

April 24, 2023

They will need an Unaccompanied Minor Service Form and some ID, a copy might not be sufficient. It is best to reach out to the airline directly to confirm.

Dorothy Smiley

March 04, 2023

I’m traveling domestic with my 12 year old granddaughter does she need Identification?

March 06, 2023

Hi Dorothy. There is no ID requirement for a 12-year-old flying with an adult domestically.

My daughter is 14yo & would be flying privately to the Dominican Republic on 3/27, it is currently 3/4. Is it possible to have a passport by then? Expedited or Urgent a possibility? Thanks! P.S. we live in Indiana.

March 05, 2023

Hi Kristin – you might want to check out our article: Expedited U.S. Passport Application Guide — Includes All 26 U.S. Passport Offices & Agencies . You may also want to review this Travel.gov page. Good luck!

Joanna Zapien

April 10, 2023

My 12-year-old doesn’t have a passport and is traveling to Mexico with his uncle. What do I need to do? Thank you in advance.

He will need a passport to fly from the U.S. to Mexico. Here is a guide for first-timers: /travel/definitive-us-passport-application-guide/

April 11, 2023

Is it still true in 2023 that a child traveling domestically with a grandparent does not need a parental consent form? Traveling with Frontier.

Correct, on a domestic flight that is not needed. However, if they don’t share a last name, it might be a good idea to send extra documentation.

May 06, 2023

Can I travel domestically with a 8 year old with a temporary parental consent form? The form says it does not need to be notarized and the only parent that actually can have custody wants nothing to do with her. I’ve had her for about 5 years, she calls me mom. I have her original birth certificate and was able to obtain her social security card from their offices with the forms already mentioned plus her school enrollment verification.

May 08, 2023

Yes, but if you have any concerns, it is best to reach out directly to your airline.

June 09, 2023

Hi. My daughter is 17 and traveling internationally without her parents. She has a valid passport. Does she need any other documentation -such as a notarized letter from her parents – to get through immigration in either the UK or the EU?

June 12, 2023

Hi Justin. According to the U.S. Dept of Customs and Border Patrol, she can travel to most countries without her parents. The Department also states that “Children must have their own passport, visa or other international entry documentation required of adults. In addition, certain countries require children leaving that country without both parents and a legal guardian to have a letter of consent, in some cases notarized.” It sounds like taking a consent letter, signed by both parents and notarized, would be advised.

June 15, 2023

Thanks Christine!

July 11, 2023

Can I travel to Aruba with my 15 year old with just her passport? I keep getting mixed answers. We just got her passport in April and her father signed for everything to get it.

Hi Michelle,

Yes, you should be able to.

July 23, 2023

I am flying with my granddaughter. She is 18 years old with Down syndrome. Does she need an ID or any special documents? We are flying from St Louis, MO To Orlando, Fl.

Hi Patricia. Yes, she will need an ID to fly. Have a wonderful trip.

August 03, 2023

My 18 year old is flying within the U.S. and has no drivers license or real ID. Can she use a birth certificate along with a school ID or credit card?

August 04, 2023

Hi April. At 18, she will need a government-issued photo ID. It’s possible she may be allowed to fly with the forms of ID you mentioned but she may be taken aside and questioned which can cause delays throughout her trip. Or, she may not be allowed to fly. She might want to obtain a state-issued ID prior to flying. The Department of Motor Vehicles or Secretary of State office can issue one. Here is a list of all the acceptable forms of ID. https://www.tsa.gov/travel/security-screening/identification

Maria Hurtado

September 26, 2023

My daughter’s 16 year old friend will join us on our family vacation. We will be flying to Maryland from California. Besides friend’s passport/ID does she need a travel consent letter from her parents?

September 27, 2023

No, she will not need a letter from her parents, nor an ID. However, bringing both may provide some peace of mind.

September 28, 2023

Hi, I (DAD) is traveling to Internationally (Micronesia) with my daughter who is 5yrs old. She does not have a passport, can we use her Birth Certificate?

Hi Skilling – To travel internationally from the U.S. your daughter will need a passport. Thanks for reading!

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Visa & entry requirements for moscow.

Do you know which documents you'll need to travel to Russia ? Plan ahead and find out if you need your passport, visa, national ID or all of the above!

Russian Visa

Citizens of most countries require a visa to enter Russia, for which the application should be made  at least a month before your trip . For most travellers a tourist visa will be sufficient: these allow a stay of up to 30 days with one or two entries within that period. If you are planning to stay for longer than a month, there are business and other types of visas available. If you're just passing through, it's possible to get a transit visa, but as these allow limited time in the country and are the same price as a regular tourist visa, it's usually best to go for that option.

What will I need for the visa?

• Passport  valid for at least six months after your return date.
• Visa invitation letter  (known as a "visa support") provided by your hotel or hostel (sometimes for free, sometimes for a fee), or if you're not staying in one of these, they can be bought from travel or visa agencies (prices vary).
• Completed application form  including everywhere you've visited over the past 10 years: make sure to fill it in carefully! Find the electronic visa application form at the  Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation  and make sure to keep a note of the identity number given to you.
• Handling fee  (amount varies depending on visa type, how you quickly you need it and the agency used to acquire your visa).
• One or two  passport-sized p hotos .

How do I get the visa?

With all of your necessary documentation, you'll then need to go to your Russian embassy or dedicated visa agency: when you first visit the Ministry of Foreign Affairs website linked above, the Contacts link under your selected country will show the official offices for visa applications. You may also be asked to bring bank statements, birth certificates of children travelling with you and proof of travel insurance , so make sure to double check what you need in advance.

What happens when I arrive?

On arrival in Russia, you'll be given an  immigration form  produced electronically at passport control.  Make sure to hold on to this  as you'll need it both to  register your stay  and to  leave the country .

Register your visa : every visitor to Russia must register their visa within seven business days of arrival. If you're in Moscow for less than seven business days, you are exempt, and if you leave Moscow, you must register again in any city where you stay seven days or longer. It is your accommodation  that is obligated to register your visa  for you: whether this is your hotel, hostel, landlord, friend or family. Commonly, you'll give up your passport and visa on check in for your hotel to register you with the local visa office.

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Learn what currency to buy, whether you need a visa, what time you can visit the shops and museums, what to pack for the weather, and answers to many other questions you may have about your trip to Moscow.

The official language of Russia is Russian. This article is full of helpful advice and basic phrases you can use to make your trip to Moscow easier.

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Transfer from Moscow River Port North Terminal to Elektrostal

Moscow river port north terminal → elektrostal, 26.11.2023 07:50, elektrostal, reviews about transfers.

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Who can apply for an open work permit?

You may be eligible for an open work permit if you

• are an international student who graduated from a designated learning institution and are eligible for the Post-Graduation Work Permit Program
• are a student who’s no longer able to meet the costs of your studies (destitute student)
• have an employer-specific work permit and are being abused or at risk of being abused in relation to your job in Canada
• are a dependent family member of someone who applied for permanent residence
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Taking Off From School to Take In the World

Vacationing during the off-season has long been considered a cost-saving boon. But can families with school-aged children take advantage? Should they?

By Lauren Sloss

For her family vacation next year, Liz Thimm has booked a 10-day trip to Bocas del Toro, Panama, in February. She requested time off from her pharmacist job a year in advance, checked out guidebooks from the library and has shared itinerary ideas with her daughter and son — who are 11 and 9 — to involve them in the planning process. One thing she has not and will not do? Schedule the trip around a school vacation.

Much of Ms. Thimm’s approach to planning comes from the high costs and time constraints endured during a spring-break vacation the family, who lives in Wauwatosa, Wis., took to Puerto Rico in 2019.

“We paid $2,260 for four seats, had a six-hour layover on the way there and a 2:15 a.m. departure on the way home,” she said. “And those were the cheapest tickets we could find.”

Taking a trip during the off-season traditionally offers travelers fewer crowds and reduced fares and has long been considered a boon for budget-conscious planners. This trend is all the more pressing as the appeal of a traditional summer vacation has diminished, particularly after this year’s hot , crowded , expensive and natural - disaster - filled season.

But can families with school-aged children take advantage? While tacking on a day or two before or after winter and spring break has been a relatively normal occurrence for some families, now some well-off parents, emboldened by the rise of remote work and schooling in the pandemic and fed up with the record-breaking high prices of peak-season travel, are saying yes.

“People are feeling more freedom to be flexible,” said Natalie Kurtzman, a travel adviser with Fora Travel in Boston, noting that many of her clients with families are increasingly comfortable extending school breaks, and skipping a few days of classes in the process, to avoid high airfare prices that tend to appear during vacation periods.

“You can see that parents are becoming more and more brazen about doing it,” said Karen Rosenblum, the founder of the Spain Less Traveled travel agency.

But teachers and school administrators worry about ramifications, like students falling behind in schoolwork, and the mixed messages that the practice of skipping school might send.

“I feel like education is a privilege, and some students see it as a burden,” said Joanne Davi, a middle school teacher at St. Peter Martyr School in Pittsburg, Calif., who has noticed a major uptick in students missing school to travel since the pandemic. “When you make choices over school, that often translates to how students make choices during the day.”

More travel year-round for all

Not all families in the United States are ditching school. This year, in its U.S. Family Travel Survey , the Family Travel Association noted that summer and spring vacations remain the most popular times for families planning trips. But 56 percent of respondents found the timing of school breaks to be a challenge, and 59 percent cited affordability as their most pressing issue.

Travel costs are just one part of the financial equation, of course. Since the pandemic, many Americans have been struggling to keep up with a rising cost of living . Persistent inflation has led to changes in spending behavior , including, for some, around travel.

“Affordability has always been the most challenging thing. We’ve seen that since the survey began in 2015,” said Lynn Minnaert, a professor at Edinburgh Napier University in Scotland and co-author of the 2023 Family Travel Association study. “But now, prices are the highest I’ve ever seen them. Being able to travel off-season would make a big difference for many families.”

Anecdotally, at least, a desire for scheduling flexibility is taking root. Melissa Verboon started the Facebook group Travel With Kids in 2017 and writes a blog covering her family’s travel; she said that the group’s membership had grown since the pandemic, with more conversations centering on traveling during the school year. Ms. Verboon, who lives in Holiday, Fla., and has four kids (15, 13, 11 and 9), believes that family time at home during the pandemic was a major impetus for reimagining vacation scheduling, as well as reimagining the types of trips that parents could take with their children.

Stephanie Tolk voiced similar thoughts. Ms. Tolk currently lives in Portland, Ore., but in 2021 and 2022, traveled internationally with her husband and two daughters for more than a year.

“People had bought into the idea that their kids went to school at 8:15 and that you don’t see them again until 4 in the afternoon. That was all shattered in 2020,” she said. “I found that I wanted more time with my kids.”

Easier with younger children

For parents eager to travel with their offspring year-round, a prepandemic truth remains: It’s significantly easier with younger, grade school children who have fewer academic, extracurricular and social demands. Ms. Thimm, whose daughter started middle school this year, has discovered that school-year travel planning is more challenging.

“I’m getting a little more nervous about taking her out, and she doesn’t want to miss out on anything that’s going on in school,” she said.

Alison McMaster, a travel adviser and corporate travel planner who lives outside Boston, has been traveling with her two sons, now 11 and 13, during the school year since they were young, sometimes tacking on extra days or weeks to school breaks. The family has even spent close to a month in destinations like Peru, Colombia and Europe.

“The education that they’re going to receive by way of international travel and cultural experiences outweigh days missed in the classroom,” she said. “The best version of my kids is when we are traveling.”

She’s unsure, however, if she’ll be able to pull off an extended trip this year.

“As they’ve gotten older, it’s become more important for them to be physically present in school,” she said of the shift from elementary school. The upper schools require more work and holding students more accountable. “There’s a sort of unspoken pressure,” she said

Ms. McMaster’s sons attend a private school, which has been generally accepting of their absences, extra work and increased accountability aside. But public elementary and secondary school systems, which educate about 50 million students, or about 88 percent of U.S. schoolchildren, have varying levels of tolerance for missed days of school. In recent years, they have also been contending with a rash of absences , travel-related or not, and plunging test scores among their students.

In Ms. Thimm’s Wisconsin school district, families may receive a letter from the school district requiring a meeting between the parents and school staff, should a child miss more than 10 days of classes.

“We’ve never gotten a letter; my kids are both great students and we usually only pull them out for five to seven days,” she said. “But last year, my son had Covid and he was out for five days because of that. I was definitely stressed about a trip we had planned, knowing that he couldn’t get sick again and miss any more school.”

In Ms. Davi’s school in California, a student missed the first three weeks of classes this year for a trip. Others have traveled to Las Vegas, Disneyland and Washington, D.C. The school’s policy allows these absences, so long as the administration is informed beforehand, but teachers are not obligated to put together work packets for children missing class for vacation.

“I tell the students, ‘We continue without you, so the responsibility is on you when you get back,’” Ms. Davi said, adding that classroom work and other assignments are online on Google Classroom. Whether or not a student will check in and keep up is “case by case.”

“There are some students who are intrinsically motivated as it is,” she said. “But then, there are students who are completely cut off. They come back and have no idea what’s going on.”

Out of the classroom, out in the world

For some parents, the incompatibility of school schedules with travel desires leads families to drop out of school systems altogether, at least for a little bit.

“Worldschooling,” a loose term that refers to making travel a central part of a child’s educational experience, can involve a monthlong trip to Europe, or years spent traveling. Parents might try to stick to the curriculum of a school back home using workbooks and remote learning tools, or choose to engage in more free-form, interest-driven learning.

Ms. Tolk worldschooled her daughters during their years on the road. The girls were 10 and 12 when they left, and while she and her husband initially tried to stick to a semi-strict schedule — daily math lessons, grammar exercises and spelling lists — they quickly found themselves easing up, focusing instead on the places they were exploring.

“We ended up doing a lot of family projects. All four of us would research something we were interested in and present it to each other,” she said. While they were in Egypt, one daughter did a project about ancient makeup traditions in Egypt, while another delved into the story of the wife of King Tutankhamen.

Though there has long been a small community of families who travel with their children, Ms. Tolk believes that the pandemic and social media have both made worldschooling a more approachable option. She is currently working to set up three worldschooling hubs through her company, Deliberate Detour , where families can meet up for learning and socializing, in Peru, Guatemala and Mexico.

Meanwhile, her daughters, now 12 and 14, are adjusting to attending public middle school in Portland, which has been challenging. The day feels long and overly structured, while other students strike the girls as closed-off. The jury’s still out on how they’ll fare academically, though so far, they are finding the work easy, said Ms. Tolk. Still, the value of these trips remains incomparable for her family.

“I’ve had a life of really impactful, powerful, transformative international experiences,” Ms. Tolk said. “I always knew that I wanted that for my children.”

Follow New York Times Travel on Instagram and sign up for our weekly Travel Dispatch newsletter to get expert tips on traveling smarter and inspiration for your next vacation. Dreaming up a future getaway or just armchair traveling? Check out our 52 Places to Go in 2023 .

Ex-Republican North Dakota state senator charged with traveling for sex with minor, receiving child sex abuse images

BISMARCK, N.D. — A retired Republican state senator from North Dakota has been charged with traveling to Europe with the intent of paying for sex with a minor and with receiving images depicting child sexual abuse, according to a federal indictment unsealed Monday.

Longtime state Sen. Ray Holmberg, 79, was arrested Monday and released after pleading not guilty to the charges in U.S. District Court in Fargo. His trial is set for Dec. 5.

Prosecutors said in a statement that Holmberg repeatedly traveled to Prague in the Czech Republic from June 2011 to November 2016 for the purpose of paying for sex with a person under 18 years old. The indictment, which also suggests Holmberg used aliases, says he received and attempted to receive images that depict child sexual abuse from November 2012 to March 2013.

Holmberg served more than 45 years in the North Dakota Senate until his resignation last year, after local media outlet The Forum of Fargo-Moorhead revealed he exchanged dozens of text messages with a person who was jailed on charges related to child sexual abuse images.

Holmberg’s attorney, Mark Friese, said in a text message that authorities investigated Holmberg “for 2 years or more and allege nothing recent. The conduct they allege is from more than a decade ago.”

Holmberg was released with conditions, and the judge did not require posting of any bond, Friese said.

A text message sent to Holmberg after his release Monday was not immediately returned, and his phone did not have voicemail so a message could not be left.

Holmberg chaired the powerful Senate Appropriations Committee, which writes budgets. He announced in March 2022 he wouldn’t seek reelection. He cited stress and “a weakened ability to concentrate on the matters at hand and effectively recall events” before ultimately resigning.

Former North Dakota Senate Majority Leader Rich Wardner told The Associated Press he was saddened and disappointed by the indictment.

“Here’s a situation where a man was a public servant and did a lot of positive things for the state of North Dakota, and now, I don’t know what’s going to come of this thing, but this really neutralizes all the good,” said Wardner, a Republican who served in the Senate with Holmberg for nearly 25 years.

If Holmberg is convicted, his decades serving the public “will be forgotten about, and only the negative things will be remembered,” Wardner said.

Current Senate Majority Leader David Hogue declined to comment on the indictment.

Holmberg was reimbursed roughly $126,000 for nearly 70 out-of-state trips from 2013 through mid-April 2022 to places that included four dozen U.S. cities, as well as Canada, Puerto Rico and several European countries, according to  an AP review of his travel records.

Law enforcement  searched his Grand Forks home  in November 2021, seizing video discs and additional items.

The indictment comes after Nicholas James Morgan-Derosier pleaded guilty last month in federal court to six counts of possessing images depicting child sexual abuse and one count of receiving and distributing such images. According to The Forum’s reporting, Morgan-Derosier was the person texting with Holmberg from jail.

Morgan-Derosier is scheduled to be sentenced in January. A spokesperson for the two federal public defenders who represented Morgan-Derosier did not immediately respond to a phone message regarding his case.

Ex-North Dakota lawmaker charged with traveling for sex with minor, receiving child sex abuse images

BISMARCK, N.D. — A retired Republican state senator from North Dakota has been charged with traveling to Europe with the intent of paying for sex with a minor and with receiving images depicting child sexual abuse, according to a federal indictment unsealed Monday.

Longtime state Sen. Ray Holmberg, 79, was arrested Monday and released after pleading not guilty to the charges in U.S. District Court in Fargo. His trial is set for Dec. 5.

Prosecutors said in a statement that Holmberg repeatedly traveled to Prague in the Czech Republic from June 2011 to November 2016 for the purpose of paying for sex with a person under 18 years old. The indictment, which also suggests Holmberg used aliases, says he received and attempted to receive images that depict child sexual abuse from November 2012 to March 2013.

Holmberg served more than 45 years in the North Dakota Senate until his resignation last year, after local media outlet The Forum of Fargo-Moorhead revealed he exchanged dozens of text messages with a person who was jailed on charges related to child sexual abuse images.

Holmberg’s attorney, Mark Friese, said in a text message that authorities investigated Holmberg “for 2 years or more and allege nothing recent. The conduct they allege is from more than a decade ago.”

Holmberg was released with conditions, and the judge did not require posting of any bond, Friese said.

A text message sent to Holmberg after his release Monday was not immediately returned, and his phone did not have voicemail so a message could not be left.

Holmberg chaired the powerful Senate Appropriations Committee, which writes budgets. He announced in March 2022 he wouldn’t seek reelection. He cited stress and “a weakened ability to concentrate on the matters at hand and effectively recall events” before ultimately resigning.

Former North Dakota Senate Majority Leader Rich Wardner told The Associated Press he was saddened and disappointed by the indictment.

“Here’s a situation where a man was a public servant and did a lot of positive things for the state of North Dakota, and now, I don’t know what’s going to come of this thing, but this really neutralizes all the good,” said Wardner, a Republican who served in the Senate with Holmberg for nearly 25 years.

If Holmberg is convicted, his decades serving the public “will be forgotten about, and only the negative things will be remembered,” Wardner said.

Current Senate Majority Leader David Hogue declined to comment on the indictment.

Holmberg was reimbursed roughly $126,000 for nearly 70 out-of-state trips from 2013 through mid-April 2022 to places that included four dozen U.S. cities, as well as Canada, Puerto Rico and several European countries, according to an AP review of his travel records.

Law enforcement searched his Grand Forks home in November 2021, seizing video discs and additional items.

The indictment comes after Nicholas James Morgan-Derosier pleaded guilty last month in federal court to six counts of possessing images depicting child sexual abuse and one count of receiving and distributing such images. According to The Forum’s reporting, Morgan-Derosier was the person texting with Holmberg from jail.

Morgan-Derosier is scheduled to be sentenced in January. A spokesperson for the two federal public defenders who represented Morgan-Derosier did not immediately respond to a phone message regarding his case.

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Ex-North Dakota lawmaker charged with traveling for sex with minor, receiving child sex abuse images

FILE - North Dakota Sen. Ray Holmberg listens during a joint House and Senate Appropriations Committee meeting at the state Capitol, Jan. 7, 2009, in Bismarck, N.D. On Thursday, Oct. 26, 2023, the former, longtime North Dakota lawmaker was indicted on federal charges alleging he traveled to Prague for sex with a minor and also received child pornography. He is charged with two counts: travel with intent to engage in illicit sexual activity, and receipt and attempted receipt of child pornography. (AP Photo/Will Kincaid, File)

North Dakota Sen. Ray Holmberg, R-Grand Forks, goes through the list of 42 proposed appropriations in Senate Bill 2345 on the Senate floor at the state Capitol in Bismarck, N.D., in November 2021. Retired Republican state Sen. Holmberg has been charged with traveling to Europe with the intent of paying for sex with a minor and with receiving images depicting child sexual abuse, according to a federal indictment unsealed Monday, Oct. 30, 2023. (Mike McCleary/The Bismarck Tribune via AP)

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BISMARCK, N.D. (AP) — A retired Republican state senator from North Dakota has been charged with traveling to Europe with the intent of paying for sex with a minor and with receiving images depicting child sexual abuse, according to a federal indictment unsealed Monday.

Longtime state Sen. Ray Holmberg, 79, was arrested Monday and released after pleading not guilty to the charges in U.S. District Court in Fargo. His trial is set for Dec. 5.

Prosecutors said in a statement that Holmberg repeatedly traveled to Prague in the Czech Republic from June 2011 to November 2016 for the purpose of paying for sex with a person under 18 years old. The indictment, which also suggests Holmberg used aliases, says he received and attempted to receive images that depict child sexual abuse from November 2012 to March 2013.

Holmberg served more than 45 years in the North Dakota Senate until his resignation last year, after local media outlet The Forum of Fargo-Moorhead revealed he exchanged dozens of text messages with a person who was jailed on charges related to child sexual abuse images.

Holmberg’s attorney, Mark Friese, said in a text message that authorities investigated Holmberg “for 2 years or more and allege nothing recent. The conduct they allege is from more than a decade ago.”

Holmberg was released with conditions, and the judge did not require posting of any bond, Friese said.

A text message sent to Holmberg after his release Monday was not immediately returned, and his phone did not have voicemail so a message could not be left.

Holmberg chaired the powerful Senate Appropriations Committee, which writes budgets. He announced in March 2022 he wouldn’t seek reelection. He cited stress and “a weakened ability to concentrate on the matters at hand and effectively recall events” before ultimately resigning.

Former North Dakota Senate Majority Leader Rich Wardner told The Associated Press he was saddened and disappointed by the indictment.

“Here’s a situation where a man was a public servant and did a lot of positive things for the state of North Dakota, and now, I don’t know what’s going to come of this thing, but this really neutralizes all the good,” said Wardner, a Republican who served in the Senate with Holmberg for nearly 25 years.

If Holmberg is convicted, his decades serving the public “will be forgotten about, and only the negative things will be remembered,” Wardner said.

Current Senate Majority Leader David Hogue declined to comment on the indictment.

Holmberg was reimbursed roughly $126,000 for nearly 70 out-of-state trips from 2013 through mid-April 2022 to places that included four dozen U.S. cities, as well as Canada, Puerto Rico and several European countries, according to an AP review of his travel records.

Law enforcement searched his Grand Forks home in November 2021, seizing video discs and additional items.

The indictment comes after Nicholas James Morgan-Derosier pleaded guilty last month in federal court to six counts of possessing images depicting child sexual abuse and one count of receiving and distributing such images. According to The Forum’s reporting, Morgan-Derosier was the person texting with Holmberg from jail.

Morgan-Derosier is scheduled to be sentenced in January. A spokesperson for the two federal public defenders who represented Morgan-Derosier did not immediately respond to a phone message regarding his case.

'Belittled and harassed' over child seating: Mother wins lawsuit against American Airlines

A mother won a small claims settlement of 4,500 miles and $3,500 in damages against American Airlines on Oct. 27 for "breach of contract" and "negligent infliction of emotional distress" after she said a flight attendant harassed her over the seating of her twin infants during a flight.

Erika Hamilton, a lawyer from Oregon, was on a February flight with her 18-month-old twin daughters from Portland to Tallahassee, Florida, with a layover in Dallas, according to a copy of the complaint filed to the Circuit Court of the State of Oregon for the County of Multnomah.

In the complaint, Hamilton wrote how she purchased tickets for one daughter to sit in her lap and the other in a seat – which followed American Airlines' policy at the time .

Infants under the age of 2 "must either travel in a safety seat approved by the Federal Aviation Administration or be able to sit upright in their seat without assistance and have their seatbelt securely fastened during taxi, takeoff, landing and whenever the 'fasten seat belt' sign is on."

The mother ended up being "belittled and harassed" by a flight attendant, Hamilton told USA TODAY via email, "when I was doing something that is absolutely allowed and that is already just really hard – flying alone with two kids under the age of two."

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"American strives to provide a positive and welcoming experience to everyone who travels with us while ensuring their safety and comfort while in our care," American Airlines told USA TODAY on Wednesday. "We are in touch with Ms. Hamilton and will be refunding 4,500 miles for the ticket in question."

Hamilton said she used 9,000 miles and paid $5.90 for the tickets for her and one of her daughters. (At the time, the airline's policy stated that an infant in a separate seat needs their own ticket.) American ended up refunding the full 9,000 miles.

The complaint states the first flight went smoothly, but the layover flight is when the conflict occurred.

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Upon boarding, a flight attendant allegedly "approached me to question whether my seating configuration was safe for my children," the complaint said.

The flight attendant continued to tell Hamilton it was against FAA and airline policy for one daughter to fly without a car seat, and Hamilton tried to refute that by pulling up the rules.

The woman seated behind Hamilton offered to hold one of the twins, which Hamilton felt was the only option.

"By doing so, American Airlines placed the safety of my child at risk, given it is much safer for my child to be seated in her seat, with the safety belt fastened, than to be a lap child in the care of a stranger," she wrote in the complaint.

Midway through the flight, the flight attendant reportedly apologized to Hamilton.

Hamilton said she filed a report with the airline on Feb. 8, and the flight attendant also filed her own. In the report, the flight attendant said she saw Hamilton having "difficulty" handling her twins and felt "concerned" over the safety of the children.

Hamilton claims the bulk of the flight attendant's report is "inaccurate."

Hamilton reached out to the airline for a refund but was only offered a $75 voucher, so she turned to small claims court. She filed a lawsuit in April seeking $3,500 in damages.

"I took the case to court because I think a big problem with corporate America is that there is very little remedy for the 'little guy' when a corporation essentially steals from you," Hamilton said. "What happened here was that American Airlines sold me a ticket, and then refused to let me use that ticket because they did not know or understand the terms and conditions of their own contract."

Hamilton said it felt "important to stand up to" big companies that feel like they can get away with "things like that." She pointed out how, instead of just refunding her the flight, American Airlines "chose to take this all the way through a trial, after hiring a private attorney, and doing so must have cost them in the tens of thousands of dollars."

During the trial, two other passengers also testified that the flight attendant was "categorically false."

American Airlines filed a Motion for Summary Judgment saying Hamilton "cannot meet each of the substantive elements of her claims," according to an excerpt published by TheStreet.

The airline also said crew members can deny people the right to fly "for any reason," which doesn't breach any contract.

Kathleen Wong is a travel reporter for USA TODAY based in Hawaii. You can reach her at [email protected] .